Download Chapter 1, Lesson 4: Changes in Communities

 Name: Date: Chapter 1, Lesson 4: Changes in Communities “My Planet Diary ­ Fighting Fire With Fire” (p. 28) Please use the following words and match them by writing the word next to the correct letter from the sentences. property
easier
less controlled burns previously fuel prescribed burns damaging ecosystems
branches (a)
(f) (b)
(g) (c)
(h) (d)
(i) (e)
(j) 1.) The images associated with national news reports of wildfires show how __(a)__ these fires can be to __(b)__ and to some __(c)__. 2.) __(d)__ are fires that are purposely and carefully set by professional foresters. 3.) __(e)__ are used to remove materials such as dead, dry __(f)__ and leaves that can __(g)__ wildfires. 4.) A wildfire that occurs in an area that has been __(h)__ burned would cause __(i)__ damage and be __(j)__ for firefighters to control. **Why should only professional foresters set prescribed fires?** **What do you think could be some other benefits to using prescribed burns in an ecosystem?** “How Do Primary and Secondary Succession Differ?” (p. 28) Name: Date: 1.) What are the four natural disasters that can change communities very quickly? a) Soil, rocks, plants, sun b) Fires, floods, volcanoes, hurricanes c) Sand, slate, pebbles, water 2.) The series of ____________________ changes that occur in a ____________________ over time is called ____________________. “Primary Succession” (p. 29) 1.) The series of changes that occurs in an area where no soil or organisms exist is a) Pioneer species b) Primary succession c) Succession 2.) The first species to populate an area are called a) Pioneer species b) Primary succession c) Succession 3.) Pioneer species are often carried to the area by a) Wind or water b) Rocks and nutrients c) Mosses and lichens 4.) Typical species are a) Wind or water b) Rocks and nutrients c) Mosses and lichens 5.) As pioneer species grow, they help break up _____ and they provide _____. a) Wind or water b) Rocks and nutrients c) Mosses and lichens True or False? (p. 29) Name: Date: If False, replace the underlined word with the correct term. 6.) _____ The specific plants that grow depend on the climate of the area. 7.) _____ Eventually, succession may lead to a community of organisms that changes unless the ecosystem is disturbed. 8.) _____ Reaching this mature community can take months. Primary Succession Sequence Please put the following events in the correct order by writing numbers 1, 2, 3 or 4 on the first blanks. Then, draw a line to the description of that event. _____ Soil Creation
The first species to grow are pioneer species such as mosses and lichens
_____ Pioneer Species
Shortly after a volcanic eruption, there is no soil, only ash and rock _____ Volcanic Eruption
As pioneer species grow and die, soil forms. Some plants grow in this new soil _____ Fertile Soil and As more plants die, they decompose and make the soil more fertile. New plants Maturing Plants
grow and existing plants mature in the fertile soil “Secondary Succession” (p. 30) 1.) The series of changes that occurs in an area where the ____________________ has been disturbed, but where ____________________ and ____________________ still exist. 2.) What is the vocabulary term that is defined above? a) Primary succession b) Succession c) Secondary succession 3.) What human activities may also disturb an ecosystem and cause secondary succession to begin? a) Farming b) Logging c) Mining d) All of the above Name: Date: Finish this sentence… 4.) Unlike primary succession, ____________________ succession occurs in a place where an ____________________ currently exists. True or False? 5.) _____ Secondary succession usually occurs more slowly than primary succession. Secondary Succession Sequence Please put the following events in the correct order by writing a brief title on the first blanks. 1.) ____________________ Grasses and wildflowers have taken over this abandoned field 2.) ____________________
After a few years, pine seedlings and other trees replace some of the grasses and wildflowers 3.) ____________________
As tree growth continues, the trees begin to crowd out the grasses and wildflowers 4.) ____________________
Eventually, a forest of mostly oak, hickory, and some pine dominates the landscape