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1700’s CareersNoteSheetandTimeline ArtisanTrades–askilledtrade,ajobrequiringthecreationofaproduct BlacksmithSilversmith WheelwrightCooper CarpenterCabinetmaker MillinerPrinter ShoemakerWeaver AgrarianTrades–atradeinvolvingfarmingornaturalresources: FarmerFisherman FurTrapper BusinessTrades–exchangeofgoodsorservicesformoney: MillerStorekeeper Innkeeper Otherjobs: SailorShipcaptain Coalminer Describecommoncharacteristicsofcareers: 1)Jobswerehandsonusinghumanpower. 2)Mostjobswereworkedathome–CottageIndustries 3)Peoplecompletedallstepsincreationofproductsorservice. Peopletookprideintheirwork. Late1700’s-1800’s 1stIndustrialRevolution Invention#1thatcreatedjobs: Spinningmachineandweavingmachine Useofwaterwheeltopowerthemachines Whoinventeditorwasresponsibleforimplementingit? RichardArkwrightinventeditinEngland SamuelSlaterbroughttechnologytoAmerica Jobscreatedbecauseofthisinvention: Factoryjobs:Textilefactorieswasthefirstbutsoonmachineswerecreatedto makeotherproducts. Invention#2thatcreatedjobs: Steamengine Whoinventeditorwasresponsibleforimplementingit? ThomasNewcomen JamesWatt Jobscreatedbecauseofthisinvention: Railroadrelatedjobs–engineers,machinists,railroadcrews Howdidjobschangebecauseofthesetwoinventions? Morejobscreated;Example-factoryjobs Changedhowproductswerecreated;Example–fabric Changedhowjobswereworked;Example-steamboat Effectsonlifestyleandjobsoverall: 1)Endofmanycottageindustriesbecauseproductscouldbemadefasterand cheaperinafactory. 2)Manypeoplemovedawayfromagrarianjobstoliveandworkincities. 3)Immigrantslookingforabetterlifefoundjobsinfactoriesandwiththe railroad. 4)Richgotricher,poorgotpoorer. 5)Poorworkingconditionsinfactories–Longhoursanddangerousconditions Early1900’s2ndIndustrialRevolution Idea#1thatchangedjobs: Standardizationofpartsinsteadofcustomparts. Idea#2thatchangedjobs: Oneman,onetask Idea#3thatchangedjobs: Assemblyline Whoiscreditedforimplementingthesechanges? HenryFord Howdidtheimplementationoftheseideaschangejobs? 1)Productscouldbemadeevenfasterandcheaper.Employeescouldsave moneytobuyitemsthattheymade.(Raisedwagesofworkersincreasedloyalty.) 2)Workbecameboringdoingsametasksrepeatedly. 3)Lessprideinworkmanshipasaresultofnotcreatingaproductentirelyby self. 4)Beganthethreeshiftschedule-8hourspershift. Othereventsthataffectedcareersintheearly1900’s: WorldWarI Whendiditoccur?1914-1918 USbecameinvolvedin1917afterGermanysanksevenmerchantships HowdidWWIaffectpeopleandjobs? 1)Increaseinfactoriesmakingsuppliesforwar. 2)Manywomenbeganworkingoutsidethehome,fillingjobsvacatedbymen goingtowar. 3)Afterwarended,increasedactivitytogainwomen’srighttovote,finally becamelawin1920with19thAmendment. GreatDepression Whendiditoccur?1929-1939 Whatcausedittohappen? 1)Moreproductswerebeingcreatedthancouldbesold,resultinginlayoffsand closingoffactories 2)Peopleborrowingmoneytoinvestinstockmarket,tryingtogetrich 3)Stockslossvaluewhenbusinessesclosed.Peoplecouldn’trepayloansand banksclosed.Peoplewithmoneyinthosebankslosttheirsavings. Howdidthisaffectpeopleandjobs? 1)Manypeoplebecameunemployed. 2)Increasedhomelessnessaspeoplecouldn’tpayrentormortgage Whatattemptsweremadetocorrectthesituation? PresidentFranklinD.Rooseveltproposeda“NewDeal” 1)Relief–temporaryaidtothepoorandunemployedsotheywouldn’tstarve establishedSocialSecurityforretiredemployees 2)Recovery–createdjobstogetpeoplebacktowork 3)Reform–newrulesonbanks;creationoftheFDICtoinsurepeople’sdeposits Howdidthisaffectpeopleandjobs? 1)Createdmorejobsthatbenefitedcountrysuchasmoreroadsandhistorical documents 2)Createdwelfaresystem 3)Helpedcountrybegintorecovereconomically WorldWarII Whendiditoccur?1939-1945 USbecameinvolvedin1941aftertheattackonPearlHarbor HowdidWWIIaffectpeopleandjobs? 1)Morewomenwenttoworkoutsidethehome. 2)Increaseinfactoriesduetoincreasedneedforwarsupplies. 3)Increaseinnumberofjobsputtingmanypeoplebacktowork. Mid-1900’s 3rdIndustrialRevolution Whatstartedthe3rdIndustrialRevolution? Inventionofthecomputer ThisIndustrialRevolutionmaybecalled….TheDigitalAge Whendiditbegin?Firstinvented_in1822_buttheinventionwasnot recognized. WWIIcreatedneedforacomputerandworktoinventonebeganinearnestin EnglandandinAmerica. WhatwerethetworeasonsitwasinventedduringWWII? 1)England–tocracksecretcodes 2)America–tocalculatethefiringrangeofweapons Whoweretheinventors? 1)CharlesBabbage–1822 2)AlanTuring–computerthatcrackedGermany’sEnigmaCode-1940’s 3)TommyFlowers–inventedColossus,firstprogrammableelectroniccomputer –brokeencryptedGermancodesusedbyHitlerandhighrankingofficials- 1940’s 4)JohnMauchlyandJ.PresperEckert,andotherengineersattheUniv.ofPA- inventedENIAC-calculatedfiringranges–1940’s Whendidthisinventionbecomeavailabletothepublic? 1970’sbyXerox,theninthe1980’sbyApple Howdidthisinventionaffectcareers? 1)Creatednewjobsandnewinventions 2)Changedhowworkwasdone Agentsofchangethroughouthistory Whatisonethingthatcausesjobstochange?Inventions Howdidthischangejobs? 1)Increasednumberofjobs 2)Madesomejobsobsolete 3)Changedhowworkwasdone 4)Affectedlifestyleofpeople Whatisasecondthingthatcausesjobstochange?Wars Howdidthischangejobs? 1)Increasednumberofjobsandtypesofjobs 2)Increasednumberofwomenworkingoutsidethehome 3)Encourageddevelopmentofnewinventions Whatisathirdthingthatcausesjobstochange?Economy Howdidthischangejobs? 1)Increasesordecreasesthenumberofjobsavailable. 2)Increasesordecreasessalary.
