Download Key Terms and People Academic Vocabulary

Back
Print
Name
Class
Date
A New National Identity
Section 1
HSS 8.5
MAIN IDEAS
1. The United States and Great Britain settled their disputes over boundaries and
control of waterways.
Students analyze U.S. foreign
policy in the early Republic.
2. The United States gained Florida in an
agreement with Spain.
3. With the Monroe Doctrine, the United
States strengthened its relationship with
Latin America.
Key Terms and People
Rush-Bagot Agreement
a compromise that limited U.S. and British naval power on
the Great Lakes
Convention of 1818 a treaty that gave the United States fishing rights off parts of the
Newfoundland and Labrador coasts
James Monroe U.S. president elected in 1816
Adams-Onís Treaty an agreement that settled all border disputes between the United
States and Spain
Simon Bolívar the leader of the successful revolutions of Latin American colonies
against Spain
Monroe Doctrine an exclusive statement of American policy warning European
nations not to interfere with the Americas
Academic Vocabulary
circumstances
surrounding situation
Section Summary
SETTLING DISPUTES WITH GREAT BRITAIN
After the War of 1812 ended, both the United States
and Great Britain wanted to retain their navies and
freedom to fish on the Great Lakes. The Rush-Bagot
Agreement resolved that issue. The Convention
of 1818 gave America certain fishing rights, and it
established the border between the United States
and Canada. In this treaty, both countries agreed to
occupy the Pacific Northwest together.
What were the results of the
Convention of 1818?
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
65
Interactive Reader and Study Guide
Back
Print
Name
Class
Date
Section 1, continued
THE UNITED STATES GAINS FLORIDA
The United States also debated its border with
Spanish Florida. President James Monroe sent
General Andrew Jackson and troops to protect the
U.S.-Florida border. Seminole Indians often aided
runaway slaves and sometimes raided U.S. settlements. Under Jackson’s command, U.S. troops
invaded Florida to catch Seminole raiders, starting
the First Seminole War.
Jackson also captured most of Spain’s key military posts. Jackson took these actions without a
direct command from the president. The Spanish
were upset, but most Americans backed Jackson.
In 1819, Secretary of State John Quincy Adams
and Spanish diplomat Luis de Onís negotiated the
Adams-Onís Treaty. This treaty settled all border
disputes between the United States and Spain.
THE MONROE DOCTRINE
By the early 1820s most Latin American countries
had won independence from Spain. Simon Bolívar,
called the Liberator, led many of these battles. The
United States saw the struggles as comparable to the
American Revolution. United States leaders supported the Latin Americans in their struggles with
European powers.
Monroe developed the Monroe Doctrine to
guard against European countries interfering
with the new Latin American nations. The document spells out the relationship between European
nations and the United States in the Western
Hemisphere. The doctrine states that the United
States will intervene in Latin American affairs when
its own security is at risk. Few European nations
challenged the doctrine.
Why did President Monroe send
Jackson to Florida?
What convinced the Spanish to
negotiate with the Americans?
Why do you think the United
States supported Latin American
independence?
CHALLENGE ACTIVITY
Critical Thinking: Cause and Effect Make a chart identifying the causes
and effects of the Rush-Bagot Agreement, the Adams-Onís Treaty, and
the Monroe Doctrine. HSS Analysis Skill HI 2
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
66
Interactive Reader and Study Guide
Back
Print
Answer Key
SECTION 3 CHALLENGE ACTIVITY
Answers will vary. Sample correct responses: powerful British navy, Americans opposed to the
war, Native Americans collaborating with the British, British blockade of U.S. trade.
SECTION 4 CHALLENGE ACTIVITY
Letters should demonstrate an understanding of how difficult trade in the seas was for the United
States before and during the War of 1812.
Chapter 8 A New National Identity
CHAPTER SUMMARY
1. The Monroe Doctrine gave the United States the identity of protector in foreign policy.
2. Henry Clay’s American System sought to strengthen the economy, make the United States
economically self-sufficient, and reduce regional conflicts.
3. Answers will vary. Students may say that pride in creativity and ideals from U.S. culture
increased the sense of national identity.
SECTION 1 CHALLENGE ACTIVITY
Cause
Effect
United States and Great Britain want to retain
their navies and freedom to fish on the Great
Lakes.
Rush-Bagot Agreement and Convention of
1818 resolve the issues.
Jackson captures most of Spain’s key military
posts.
Adams-Onís Treaty settles all border disputes
between the United States and Spain.
European countries interfere with the new
Latin American nations.
Monroe issues the Monroe Doctrine to
establish the relationship between European
nations and the United States in the Western
Hemisphere.
SECTION 2 CHALLENGE ACTIVITY
Answers and conclusions will vary. Students should show that they understand the controversy
caused by Adams and Clay in the election of 1824.
SECTION 3 CHALLENGE ACTIVITY
Responses will vary and should incorporate elements from the western American landscape in the
1800s.
Chapter 9 The Age of Jackson
CHAPTER SUMMARY
1. Sample correct responses: More people received the right to vote, parties began to hold nomi-
nating conventions, the North and South were divided over trade issues.
2. Sample correct responses: Northerners supported tariffs because tariffs helped them compete
with British manufacturers; southerners opposed tariffs because tariffs resulted in higher
prices for items that southerners needed.
Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved.
170
Interactive Reader and Study Guide