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BIO 101 Lab Practical 2
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration = glycolysis + citric acid cycle + oxidative phosphorylation
Glucose + Oxygen
Carbon dioxide
+
Water
C6H12O6
6 O2

6 CO2
6 H2O
+ 36 ATP
Reagents: Bromthymol blue dye - indicator dye, turns yellow in presence of CO2
Experiments
o Exhaled air vs. room air - Independent variable, Dependent variable
o Crickets vs. seedlings - Independent variable, Dependent variable
o Plant in light versus dark - Independent variable, Dependent variable
o Fermentation by yeast in glucose versus starch - Independent variable, Dependent variable,
Control group
Domain and kingdom of organisms used in experiments
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Taxonomy –classifying organisms
Domain  Kingdom  Phylum  Class  Order  Family  Genus species
Eukarya Animalia
Chordata Mammalia Primates Hominidae Homo sapiens
Scientific name = Genus and species
Domain Archaea
Rare prokaryotes, extreme environments
Domain Bacteria
Unicellular
Prokaryotic
Heterotroph
Autotroph
Saprotroph
Binary fission
Identify:
Slides:
Bacillus, Coccus, Spirillum shapes of bacteria
Cyanobacteria (live culture)
Agar plate - Antibiotic sensitivity of bacteria –diameter of no growth area
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Domain Eukarya  Kingdom Protista
For each Protista review its characteristics. If it moves, does it use flagella? Cilia? Is it photosynthetic?
A parasite (what disease does it cause), does it have a “shell”, is it symbiotic with another organism, is
it seaweed? Unicellular? Colonial? Multicellular?
Trypanosoma – In blood, causes African sleeping sickness. Flagella
Trichonympha -symbiont digests cellulose in wood for termite. Flagella
Plasmodium – inside red blood cells, causes malaria
Paramecium – cilia
Euglena - chlorophyll, flagella
Amoeba - pseudopods
Physarum – yellow slime mold
Diatom (silica shells)
Foraminifera (calcium carbonate shells)
Model paramecium – identify cilia, contractile vacuole, oral groove, nucleus
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BIO 101 Lab Practical 2
Green Algae
Unicellular green algae
(Chlamydomonas)
Colonial green algae
(Volvox and Spirogyra)
Multicellular green algae
Identify specimen
Brown Algae
Multicellular, marine, seaweed
Holdfast, blade, stipe
Identify specimen
Red Algae
Identify specimen
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Cell Division
Onion root tip and whitefish blastula slides and photos. Identify features of each.
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Terms and concepts
Cell cycle = Interphase + Mitosis
Haploid
Cell plate
Human diploid and haploid chromosome number
Centriole
Homologous chromosomes
Centromere
Metaphase plate
Chromosomes condense
Mitosis
Cleavage furrow
Mitotic spindle
Cytokinesis
Nuclear membrane (envelope)
Daughter cell
Parent cell
Diploid
Poles of cell
Sister chromatids
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Heredity
Terms and concepts
Allele
Dominant allele
Dwarf and tall alleles (t and T)
Gametes
Gene
Green and albino alleles (G and g)
Heterozygous
Homozygous dominant
Homozygous recessive
Multiple alleles (blood group I gene)
Purple and yellow kernel color alleles (P and p)
Recessive allele
Complete Punnett square for one gene crosses
Chi square chart
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Gel Electrophoresis
Agarose
Analysis of results with respect to dye charge
Electrophoresis technique with respect to charge and size of molecule, gel density, voltage
Gel former and Comb
Micropipetter
Tank
Standard curve
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