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Honors Chemistry Chapter 8 Homework Solutions 1. The evolution of energy, the production of a gas, the formation of a precipitate, a color change 7. a. A solution in water b. A substance that accelerates a chemical reaction but can be recovered unchanged c. A chemical reaction in which the products reform the original reactants 8. a. KOH b. Ca(NO3)2 c. Na2CO3 d. CCl4 e. MgBr2 f. SO2 g. (NH4)2SO4 12. By the addition of energy in the form of electricity or heat 13. The decomposition of a substance by an electric current 15. a. The element’s ability to react b. For metals, the activity describes the elements ability to lose electrons. For nonmetals, it describe the ability to gain electrons. 16. a. A set of elements listed according to the ease with which they undergo certain chemical reactions. b. Elements are usually listed in order of their tendency to undergo single-replacement reactions. An element in such a series can replace any element listed below it. 18. a. 2ZnS(s) + 3O2(g) →2ZnO(s) + 2SO2(g) b. 2HCl(aq) + Mg(OH)2(aq) → MgCl2(aq) + 2H2O(l) c. 2HNO3(aq) + Ca(OH)2(aq) → Ca(NO3)2(aq) + 2H2O(l) 19. a. Solid zinc sulfide reacts with oxygen gas to form solid zinc oxide and sulfur dioxide gas b. When solid calcium hydride is added to water, aqueous calcium hydroxide and hydrogen gas are formed. c. Aqueous silver nitrate mixed with aqueous potassium iodide produces a precipitate of silver iodide and aqueous potassium nitrate. 20. a. H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl b. 2Al + Fe2O3 → Al2O3 + 2Fe c. Pb(CH3COO)2 + H2S → PbS + 2CH3COOH 21. a. b. c. d. LiO2 is an incorrect formula. 4Li + O2 → 2Li2O H2Cl2 is an incorrect formula. H2 + Cl2 → 2HCl MgO2 is an incorrect formula and the equation as written is not balanced. MgCO3 → MgO + CO2 I is an incorrect formula and the equation is not balanced. 2NaI + Cl2 → 2NaCl + I2 24. a. b. c. d. 2Mg + O2 → 2MgO 4Fe +3O2 → 2Fe2O3 2Li + Cl2 → 2LiCl Ca + I2 → CaI2 27. a. b. c. d. Zn + Pb(NO3)2 → Pb + Zn(NO3)2 2Al + 3Hg(CH3COO)2 → 3Hg + 2Al(CH3COO)3 2Al + 3NiSO4 → 3Ni + Al2(SO4)3 2Na + 2H2O → 2NaOH + H2 28. a. AgNO3(aq) + NaCl(aq) → NaNO3(aq) + AgCl(s) b. Mg(NO3)2(aq) + 2KOH(aq) → Mg(OH)2(s) + 2KNO3(aq) c. 3LiOH(aq) + Fe(NO3)3(aq) → Fe(OH)3(s) + 3LiNO3(aq) 29. a. CH4 + 2O2 → CO2 + 2H2O b. 2C3H6 + 9O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O c. C5H12 + 8O2 → 5CO2 + 6H2O 30. a. b. c. d. e. 33. a. Zn + S → ZnS synthesis b. Ca + 2NaNO3 → Ca(NO3)2 +2Na single replacement (this reaction will NOT occur) c. AgNO3 + KI → AgI + KNO3 double replacement d. 2NaI → 2Na + I2 decomposition e. C7H8 + 9O2 → 7CO2 + 4H2O combustion f. C9H20 + 14O2 → 9CO2 + 10H2O 34. a. K H2 + I2 → 2HI synthesis 2Li + 2HCl → 2LiCl + H2 single replacement Na2CO3 → Na2O + CO2 decomposition 2HgO → 2Hg + O2 decomposition Mg(OH)2 → MgO + H2O decomposition b. Al c. Cr d. F e. Ag f. Cl g. Sr h. F 35. a. b. c. d. e. Ni(s) + CuCl2(aq) → NiCl2(aq) + Cu(s) Zn(s) + Pb(NO3)2(aq) → Zn(NO3)2(aq) + Pb(s) Cl2(g) + 2KI(aq) → 2KCl(aq) + I2(s) no reaction Ba(s) + 2H2O(l) → Ba(OH)2(s) + H2(g) 39. Pt 40. 2NaCl(aq) + 2H2O(l) → 2NaOH(aq) + H2(g) + Cl2(g) 41. a. b. c. d. Ca(OH)2 + (NH4)2SO4 → CaSO4 + 2NH4OH or 2NH3 and 2H2O 2C2H6 + 7O2 → 4CO2 + 6H2O 2Cu2S + 3O2 → 2Cu2O + 2SO2 2Al + 3H2SO4 → Al2(SO4)3 + 3H2 44. a. b. c. d. Cu(s) + Cl2(g) → CuCl2(s) synthesis Ca(ClO3)2(s) → CaCl2(s) + 3O2(g) decomposition 2Li(s) + 2H2O(l) → 2LiOH(aq) + H2(g) single replacement PbCO3(s) → PbO(s) + CO2(g) decomposition 48. a. AgNO3 + KI → AgI + KNO3 b. 3NO2 + H2O → 2HNO3 + NO c. SiCl4 + 2H2O → SiO2 + 4HCl