Download 1 - pmc.ps

1) Chondrocytes begin to die right in the middle of the diaphysis .This
region becomes known as
A.
B.
C.
D.
The primary ossification center
The secondary ossification center
The lateral ossification center
None of the above
2) Growth of soft tissues occurs by a combination of
A.
B.
C.
D.
Hyperplasia and synchondrosis
Synchondrosis only
Intramembranous ossificationNone of the above
3) Spheno-Occipital Synchondrosis increases
A.
B.
C.
D.
The width of the cranial vault
The length of cranial vault
The length of cranial base
All of the above
4) Early closure of the suture called
A. Synchondrosis
B. Ankylosis.
C. Synostosis
D. Epiphysis
5) The maxilla develops entirely by
A.
B.
C.
D.
Intramembranous ossification
Endochondral ossification
Both intramembranous and endochondral ossification
None of the above
6) The mandible develops entirely by
A.
B.
C.
D.
Intramembranous ossification only
Endochonral ossification only
Both intramembranous and endochondral ossification
None of the above
7) Development of mandible begins as a condensation of mesenchyme cells
just
A. Inside Meckel's cartilage and proceeds entirely as an endochondral bone formation.
B. Lateral to Meckel's cartilage and proceeds entirely as an endochondral bone
formation
C. Lateral Meckel's cartilage and proceeds entirely as an intramembranace bone
formation
D. None of the above
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8) Moss stated the determinant for growth of the craniofacial skeleton, would
appear to lie in
A.
B.
C.
D.
Cartilage
Bone
Soft tissue
None of the above
9) The terminal planes in the primary dentition stage
A. Are the distal surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular second permanent
molars?
B. Are the distal surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular first permanent
molars?
C. Are the distal surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular second primary
molars?
D. Are the distal surfaces of the maxillary and mandibular first primary
molars?
10) Bone tissue grows by
A.
B.
C.
D.
Interstitial growth
Differentiation of cartilaginous tissue
None of the above
All of the above
11) Proximal stripping in the lower incisors area is carried out in
A.
B.
C.
D.
Young patients.
Patients susceptible to caries.
Patients who has small incisors
None of the above
12) Arch length tends to
A.
B.
C.
D.
Decrease during age
Increase during age
Stay the same during age
None of the above
13) The fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS) takes place in the
A.
B.
C.
D.
First month of the embroyonic craniofacial development
Second month of the embroyonic craniofacial development
Third month month of the embroyonic craniofacial development
Fourth month of the embroyonic craniofacial development
14) One of the most apparent facial characteristics in Crouzonˊs syndrome
A) Concave profile appearance due to protruded mandible
B) Convex profile appearance due to protruded maxilla
C) Concave profile appearance due to mid face deficiency
D) In frontal view the eyes looks very closed to each other
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15) A new baby born obtain milk, in breast feeding mother by
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sucking activity
Suckling activity
Both at the same time
None of the above
16) One of the most obvious characteristics in patients suffering from
ectodermal dysplasia is:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Severe crowding in the upper arch only
Severe crowding in the lower arch only
Severe crowding in the upper and lower arch
None of the above
17) In Steiner cephalometric analysis hold away ratio means
A.
B.
C.
D.
The prominent the chin the prominent the lower incisors can be
The prominent the chin the lower incisors shouldn’t be prominent
The prominent the maxilla the prominent the lower incisors can be
None of the above
18) First order bend (an offset position of molars tube) are necessary to
A. Keep the mesio- buccal cusp of first upper molar more prominent than distobuccal cusp
B. Keep the disto-buccal cusp of first upper molar more prominent than mesiobuccal cusp
C. Keep the mesio- buccal cusp and the disto-buccal cusp of first upper molar at
the same level
D. None of the above
19- One of the indications that ensures that the patient is wearing his
functional appliance is the presence of the pterygoid effect, pterygiod
effect which means
A.
B.
C.
D.
The formation of calculus on the appliance
Anterior habitual posturing of the mandible when removing the appliance
Posterior habitual posturing of the mandible when removing the appliance
None of the above
20-A female patient 21 years of age came to your office with an overjet of
10mm, deep over bite, convex profile minimal upper crowding, and posterior
cross bite. Cephalometric findings showed (GO-Me\ S-N = 34) – (ANS Me\NM
=55) (SNA =83 - SNB=72) the best choice of treatment would be
A.
B.
C.
D.
Expansion and surgical extraction
Expansion and Head gear therapy
Expansion and Functional therapy
none of the above
3
21-Which of the following is be observed after opening the mid palatal suture
A.
B.
C.
D.
Diastema between upper lateral central incisors
Diastema between upper lateral incisors and canine
Lingual crown tipping of the upper molars due to high force
None of the above
22-A pre-functional phase might be:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Retroclination of the upper anterior segment
Expand the upper arch
Proclination the lower anterior segment
all of the above
23-All are factors affecting upper incisor crown exposure except:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Aging
Gender
Upper lip length
Psychological trauma
24-Witts analysis defines:
A.
B.
C.
D.
The saggital relation of the jaws
The vertical relation of the jaws
The transverse relation of the jaws
All of the above
25) Post functional phase treatment in class II div 2 might be:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Proclinatin of the upper anteriors
Usage of chin cup therapy
Usage of face mask therapy
None of the above
26) What are the disadvantages of functional appliances as compared to fixed
appliances?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Less risk of enamel decalcification
increased risk of root resorption
Reduced ability to perform fine detailing
none of the above
27) A distal shoe space maintainer is indicated when a primary
A.
B.
C.
D.
Canine in cross bite
First molar is prematurely lost
Second primary molar is lost after the eruption of a permanent first molar
Second primary molar is lost prior the eruption of a permanent first molar
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28) The facial look of a mouth breather is typically
A.
B.
C.
D.
Long and wide
short and wide
Long and narrow
short and narrow
29) - The most inferior point on the contour of bony chin is
A.
B.
C.
D.
Pogonion
Gonion
Menton
Gnathion
30) The most desirable effect most commonly associated with the use of
removable appliance
A.
B.
C.
D.
Greater ability to maintain good oral hygiene
Tendency for the teeth to extrude
Tendency for the teeth to intrude
Tendency for the root apex to move in the direction opposite from the crown
31) A female patient suffering from a reverse overjet of 2 mm in the upper
right lateral region, this lateral is trapped palately and has an adequate
available space for it within the arch, the lower arch is well aligned, the
choice of treatment would be
A-Posterior bite plane and face mask to pull the maxilla forward
B - Posterior bite plane and headgear to distalize the posterior segment
C - Posterior bite plane in a removable appliance in addition to Z spring
D- Anterior bite plane in a removable appliance in addition to finger spring
32) Ugly duckling stage is seen during the eruption of permanent
A.
B.
C.
D.
Maxillary lateral incisors
maxillary central incisors
Maxillary canines
None of the above
33) What information you can not be obtained from a lateral cephalogram ?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Vertical relation
Anterio-posterior relation
Transverse relation
Soft tissue relation
34) If you double the length of the wire, what happens to the stiffness?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Increases
Decreases
No effect
No changes in stiffness
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35) Which of the following cephalometric landmarks is located at the suture
between two bones?
A) Gonion
C) Porion
B) Nasion
D) Sella
36)-Premature loss of the primary upper second molar may lead to
A.
B.
C.
D.
Skeletal class II malocclusion
Skeletal class III malocclusion
Arch length deficiency
None of the above
37) A 3-year-old child has a 2 mm diastema between the primary maxillary
central incisors. The mother is worried and consults an orthodontist. The
orthodontist should advise the mother that:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Frenectomy should be considered.
Habit probably caused this condition and to be treated.
C-The child will need early orthodontic treatment.
None of the above
38)-The late mesial shift is referred to
A. The conversion of the straight terminal plane to a distal step, which provides a
Class I relationship of the permanent first molars
B. the conversion of the straight terminal plane to a mesial step, which provides
Class II relationship of the permanent first molars
C. The conversion of the straight terminal plane to a mesial step, which provides a
Class I relationship of the permanent first molars
D. None of the above
39)-The maxilla and the mandible originates from the
A.
B.
C.
D.
First pharyngeal arch
Second pharyngeal arch
Third pharyngeal arch
Fourth pharyngeal arch
40) The apparent posterior unilateral cross bite involving the permanent maxillary first
molar may be
A.
B.
C.
D.
Associated with mandibular shift
A bilateral constriction of the maxilla
A narrow V shaped maxilla
All of the above
41) Derotation of rotated incisors usually needs
A.
B.
C.
D.
More space than its rotated position
Less space than its rotated position
No difference due to space analysis
None of the above
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42) A male patient 22 years of age came to our office with reverse overjet of 8mm, no crowding in the upper arch, and lower arch. SNA = 82 SNB =
88 lower incisor to GO-ME =85 upper incisor to S\N =107 the choice of
treatment
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
decompensation and lower premolar extraction
Compensation and mandibular surgery
Functional therapy (frankel III)
decompensation and mandibular surgery
Lower first premolars extraction
43) - The Bolton's analysis helps in determining disproportion in size between
A.
B.
C.
D.
Maxillary and mandibular teeth
Maxillary teeth within the upper arch
mandibular teeth within the lower arch
None of the above
44) Even though bone stops growing in length in early adulthood, but
A.
B.
C.
D.
It can continue to increase in thickness or diameter after adulthood
It stops increasing in thickness or diameter after adulthood
Increasing in length and diameter starts and stop together
None of the above
45) A female patient 11 years of age came to our office with an overjet of 8mm
normal over bite, convex profile minimal upper crowding, and posterior
cross bite. Cephalometric findings showed (GO-Me\ S-N = 34) – (ANS
Me\NM =55) (SNA =83 - SNB=75) the best choice of treatment would be
A.
B.
C.
D.
Expansion and serial extraction
Expansion and Head gear therapy
Expansion and Reverse head gear
Expansion and Functional therapy
46) A female patient 29 years of age came to our office with 4 bucally erupted
canine, with zero mm of space available for them, with a posterior cross
bite, and all teeth are erupted. She has normal overjet, and overbite,
skeletal and dental cephalometric findings are normal the choice of
treatment would be:
A. Rapid palatal expansion and molar distalization for the upper and lower
posterior region
B. Slow palatal expansion and molar distalization for the upper and lower posterior
region
C. surgically assisted Rapid palatal expansion and molar distalization for the upper
and lower posterior region
D. Surgically assisted Rapid palatal expansion and extraction of the upper and
lower first premolars
7
47) The Twin Block appliance is best used for:
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
Increased over bite cases
Cases where the maxillary/ Mandibular planes angle is not to be increased
Cases where an expansion screw is to be added
Class III skeletal cases
All of the above
A and C
B and C
48. In an attractive evaluation :
A.
B.
C.
D.
The upper incisor curve should be parallel to the lower lip inner edge curve
The upper incisor curve should be parallel to the lower lip inner edge curve
The upper gingival show is 5mm upon smiling
None of the above
49) Serial extraction is indicated primarily in
A.
B.
C.
D.
Class I skeletal malocclusion
Class II skeletal malocclusion
Class III skeletal malocclusion
No difference we can apply it in any type of malocclusion
50) - A headgear can serve to improve a class II malocclusion by
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Redirecting maxillary growth
Stimulating madibular growth
Positioning the maxillary teeth distally in the maxilla
Only (A) and (C)
Only (A) and (B)
51) All the following can not move the upper molars mesially expect
A.
B.
C.
D.
Cervical head gear
Bionater
Face mask
Chin cup
52) Which of the following is least likely to result from a prolonged thumb
sucking habit?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Deep over bite
constriction of the maxilla
Protrusion of maxillary incisors
all of the above
8
53) Hydrocephalic patients has large cranium and small brain, and they are
very clever
A.
B.
C.
D.
First second and third statements are right
First second and third statements are wrong
First and second statements are right third is false
First and third statements are right second is false
54) - Remodelling of the palatal vault (which is also floor of the nose)
A- Bone is removed from the floor of the nose and deposits to the roof of the
mouth
B) Bone is removed from the roof of the nose and deposits to the floor of the noise
C) Bone is removed from the roof of the nose and deposits to the roof of the
mouth
D) None of the above
55-Which of the following appliances can treat Class II div1 as a fixed
functional appliance
A.
B.
C.
D.
Functional Regulator II
Functional Regulator III
Herbst appliance
Twin Block appliance
56) In functional appliances, over jet is decreased by:
A - Squeezing the arms of the labial bow and retracting the upper incisors
B - Squeezing the arms of Robert retractor and retracting the upper incisors
C - Functional appliances decrease only overbites
D- None of the above
57) A 13 years male orthodontic patient was referred to your office, after
examining him, you noticed the following: the bracket in the upper right
lateral is broken, and the same lateral is slightly rotated and extruded,
molar relationship is in class II, the upper second molars did erupt yet,
decreased over bite and little increase in overjet ,a bilateral cross bite in
the posterior region ,and the patient told you that he lost his head gear.
U placed a new bracket to the upper right lateral more gingivally and
your 0.16 NiTi wire engaged the slots all the brackets within the arch,
what is most likely to happen
A- Upper right lateral will extrude and adjacent tooth intrude
B- Upper right lateral will extrude only
C- Upper right lateral and adjacent toot will extrude
D - Upper right lateral will intrude and adjacent tooth extrude
9
58) In the same patient, now you put the broken bracket in the ideal position
your best choice wire is
A.
B.
C.
D.
0.014 round NiTi
16 x 22 NiTi
0.016 stainless steel
no difference
59) In the same patient you recommend to expand the maxilla by means of
rapid palatal expansion your best choice of expansion is
A.
B.
C.
D.
Bonded RPE
Banded RPE
Using TPA
Using quad helix
60) The same patient asked you about the head gear, you recommended
A.
B.
C.
D.
Cervical head gear
Combined head gear
High pull head gear
None of the above
61. The focal film distance for lateral cephalogram is :
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Four feet
Three feet
Five feet
Six feet
Two feet
62) In the final stages of treatment small detailing bends are made in the
horizontal plane of the upper arch especially in standard edgewise
brackets which are:
A)
B)
C)
D)
Molar inset, canine offset, lateral inset
Molar inset, canine eminence ,lateral inset
Molar offset, canine eminence, lateral offset
Molar offset, canine eminence, lateral inset
63) When using wide orthodontic brackets for orthodontic treatment
A. The inter
reduces
B. The inter
increase
C. The inter
reduces
D. The inter
increases
- bracket distance reduces and the range of action of the arch wire
- bracket distance reduce and the range of action of the arch wire
- bracket distance increase and the range of action of the arch wire
- bracket distance increase and the range of action of the arch wire
10
64) In lower fixed appliance, incorporating a lip bumper to the lower molar
bands in an extraction case, to retract the lower canine it utilizes
A) The anchorage afforded by the lower lip to prevent forward movement of the
lower molars
B) The anchorage afforded by the lower lip to facilitate the forward movement of
the lower molars
C) The anchorage afforded by the lower lip to prevent distal movement of the lower
molars
D) None of the above
65) Concerning canine retraction which of the methods offers less friction
A.
B.
C.
D.
In sliding mechanics using an elastics for canine retraction
In sliding mechanics using NiTi open coil spring for canine retraction
In sliding mechanics using NiTi closed coil spring for canine retraction
Closing loop mechanic (such as T loop) for canine retraction
66) Which of the following points is not true regarding Piezoelectricity and tooth
movement?
A. Piezoelectricity is a phenomenon observed in many crystalline materials (bone and
collagen).
B. In Piezoelectricity a deformation of the crystal produces a flow of electric current
as electrons are displaced from one part of the lattice to another.
C. Tooth movement can be explained by the fact that Electric currents decay quickly
and When forces are released opposite flow of electrons occurs.
D. Changes in bone metabolism controlled by electric signals produced when bone
bends, important for normal skeletal structure.
E. Voltages produced are called streaming potential which will increase cell membrane
activity
67) The normal periodontal tissue contains all of the following cells that proliferate
at different stages of tooth movement except:
Fibroblasts
A. Osteoblasts,
B. osteoclasts
C. Cell rests of Malasseze
D. Mesenchymal stem cells
E. All of the above with no exception
68) Some Fibers of the PDL are stretched, torn and ruptured, whereas others are
compressed and undergo aseptic necrosis during orthodontic movement, these
fibers are
A.
B.
C.
D.
Collagen fibers
oxytalan fibers
Both collagenous and oxytalan fibers
none of the above is true
11
69) The Optimal Force in orthodontics can be defined and explained by which of the
following
High enough to stimulate cellular activity without completely occluding blood vessels in
the PDL
A. In a scientific field known as mechanotransduction.
B. A continuous forces leads to occluded blood supply to PDL and aseptic necrosis
C. A force needed to start biologic reactions occurring on the underside of lamina
dura, not between lamina dura and the root.
D. All of the above
E. A, B and C
F. A, B only
G. A,B and D
70) Which of the following may describe force in orthodontics?
A. Force Magnitude (Level) should be In the range of 10 to 200 grams
B. Force varies with the type of tooth movement.
C. Light, continuous forces are currently considered to be most effective in inducing
tooth movement.
D. Heavy forces cause damages and fail to move the teeth.
E. All of the above
F. None of the above
71) Effects of HEAVY continuous forces on the periodontium could be which of the
following
A. Blood supply to PDL occluded but will not lead to Aseptic necrosis
B. PDL becomes “hyalinized” – “HYALINIZATION” leads to a process are called
“Frontal RESORPTION”.
C. all the biologic tooth movement occur between the root and the lamina dura
D. Osteoclasts come from adjacent bone spaces
72) As explained by the pressure-tension theory of tooth movement, what type of
activity takes place on the compression side of a tooth during movement caused
by light forces?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
The piezoelectric current transmits signals to progenitor cells
Bone formation
Undermining resorption
Frontal resorption
All of the above
73) Which of the following may describe the Ground substance of the PDL during
orthodontic tooth movement?
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
I t is composed of proteoglycans and other proteins
Their contents and expression are altered upon tooth movement
Water squeezed in and out during tooth movement
All of the above are true
None of the above is true
12
74) Which of the following describe proper Force Duration used in orthodontics
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Threshold 6 hrs per day.
No tooth movement if forces are applied less than 6 hrs/d.
From 6 to 24 hrs/d, the longer the force is applied, the more the teeth will move.
all of the above
none of the above
75) Couple of force can be described by all of the following except
A.
B.
C.
D.
Two forces of opposite directions and with non-overlapping points of application.
Translation of teeth "Bodily movement"occurs in response to appropriate force couples
Can be applied by a removable and fixed appliance for proper tooth movement
All of the above are true with no exception
76) Stiffness of an orthodontic wire is a function of
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Length of the wire segment
Diameter of the wire segment
Alloy composition
A and C
A, B, and C
77) Which of the following is easiest to accomplish?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Tipping molars distally
Tipping incisors labially
Intruding anterior teeth
Bodily moving incisors mesially
78) Which of the following orthodontic problems should be treated, early, in a
preschool-age child?
1. Midline diastema
2. Severe bimaxillary protrusion
3. Habits that affect occlusion
4. Anterior crossbite
5. Maxillary arch constriction
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
1 and 2
1,2,3,4
2,3,4
3
3,4,5
79) Which of the following is not a characteristic of the Nickel Titanium alloys
A. Exceptional springiness and superelasticity
B. Can exist in more than one form or crystal structure. The martensite form exists at lower
temperatures, the austenite form at higher temperatures
C. Shape memory effect
D. The force-deflection curve for NiTi wire is towards vertical unlike the stainless steel curve
which is more horizontal occurs because of a phase transition in grain structure from austenite
to martensite, in response to applied force.
E. All of the above are characterstics without exceptions
13
80) If the line of action of a force is at a distance far from the center of resistance of
a tooth, what will be the result?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Intrusion
Rotation around the long axis of the tooth
Tipping
Translation
81) When the line of action of a force applied to a tooth passes through its center of
resistance, how do you expect the tooth will the move?
A.
B.
C.
D.
Bodily translation
Pure root movement
Uncontrolled tipping
It will undergo a turning movement (moment)
82) A moment to force ratio of >10 will cause which of the following?
A. Translation
B. Uncontrolled tipping
C. Root movement (torque)
D. Bodily movement
83) Proportional limit of the wire is defined as:
A. The maximum load a wire can sustain with some permanent deformation that is the Maximum
force wire can be used as a spring.
B. A point 0.1 % deformation is measured
C. A point at which any permanent deformation is first observed
D. The ratio between the stress and the strain below the elastic limit
E. All of the above None
84) The surgical closure of which organ follows the role of 10 in a cleft patient
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
closure of cleft lip
closure of palate
closure of cleft lip and palate
closure of villopharyngeal insufficiency
All of the above
None of the above
85) A closure of which of the following organs helps the cleft patient to
overcome hearing problems and speech
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
closure of cleft lip
closure of palate
closure of cleft lip and palate
closure of villopharyngeal insufficiency
All of the above
None of the above
14
86) Which of the following procedures require antibiotic prophylaxis coverage
before it is being carried out according to the American Heart Association
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Placement of separating elastics
Changing arch wire
Placement of band
Tooth brushing
None of the above
F. All of the above
87) When the tooth moves bodily (translation) by the effect of orthodontic force, the
center of rotation is located
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
G.
At The same place at the center of resistance
At 33% of the length of the root
At the middle of the tooth
At The crown of the tooth
At Infinity
All of the above
None of the above
88) The Increase in force will have which of the following effects on the center of
rotation of the tooth
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
Will move the center of rotation apically
Will move the center of rotation occlusally increasing torque effect
Will have no effect on the center of rotation
Will enhance bodily movement of the root more than tipping
Will increase the tipping effect of the tooth
89) What is the reason for the lag phase in orthodontic tooth movement
A. The lag phase is needed waiting for cyclic AMP to be formed to start orthodontic tooth
movement
B. The lag phase is needed for aspiration of the compact bone of the lamina dura
C. The lag phase is needed for cleaning hyalanized tissue in high stress areas of the periodontal
ligaments
D. The lag phase is needed for the increase in capillary blood pressure to start tooth movement
E. All of the above
F. None of the above
G. A, b, and c
H. B and c
I. A and d
90) The optimum force for tooth movement is defined as the force enough to move
the tooth without causing an area of unidentified cellular structures, it is equal to
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
the force enough to compress the bone
the capillary blood pressure in the periodontal ligaments
to the yield strength of the wire used to move the tooth
to the ultimate strength of the wire used to create the force on the tooth
All of the above
None of the above
15
91) During mastication the force exerted on the teeth range from:
A.
B.
C.
D.
400-700 pounds
150-500 pounds
50-150 pounds
Up to 1000 pounds
92) Increased tendency of relapse after orthodontic treatment is seen in
patient who Undergo
A.
B.
C.
D.
Counterclockwise surgical advancement of mandible.
Increased vertical dimension in face and acute gonial angle
Rotation movement of teeth
All of above
93) Multiple supernumerary and unurupted teeth are characteristic feature
of:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Treacher Collins syndrome
Ectodermal dysplasia
Cleidocranial dysplasia
Crouzon`s syndrome
94) Cleft in of lip occurs because of failure of fusion between:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Median nasal process and lateral nasal process
Frontal process and median nasal process
Frontal process and lateral nasal process
None of above
95) The characteristic of swallowing include
A.
B.
C.
D.
Teeth together swallow
Mandible stabilize by fifth cranial nerve
Tongue is held behind the incisor teeth and against the palate.
All of the above
96) ANB angles use to access:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Sagittale jaw discrepancy
Vertical jaw discrepancy
Soft tissue profile
Crowding
97) Relapse in rotated teeth can be avoided by:
A.
B.
C.
D.
By csf
By frenectomy
By maintaining integrity of arch
By deep scaling
16
98) In Rapid Palatal Expansion activation is done:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Once weekly
Twice weekly
Twice daily
Once monthly
99) Retention in removable appliances is obtained by:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Z_spring
Adams clasps
Expansion screw
Retraction spring
100) In class ll div 2 malocclusion the interincisal angle:
A.
B.
C.
D.
Increased
Decreased
Not affected
Non of above
17