Download Taxonomy Mr. Bonneau

Taxonomy
Mr. Bonneau
Advanced Biology
So why do scientists classify?
Varecia variegata variegata
Common Lemur
Why is Taxonomy Important?
Unknown species discovered.
Flora and Fauna
New fossil Uncovered.
The History of Classification
Aristotle 384-322 BC
Interested in biological classification.
Patterns in nature.
Carl Linnaeus
1707-1778 AD
Father of
Biological
Classification!
I wrote a
book on this
stuff…
Aristotle (4th century B.C.)
-  Devised a classification based on his
observations of various animals
-  He watched appearance, behavior, and
movement
•  Which ones fly, swim, or walk/crawl/run
-  He observed similarities and differences and
grouped them together accordingly
- Then used there differences to divide them into
smaller subgroups
Linnaeus (1790)
- He used qualitative observations as basis of
his system.
- He placed organisms into various “taxon”
based on observable features.
SO WHAT WAS THE DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN ARISTOTLE AND
LINNAEUS THEN...?
Linnaeus devised a naming system:
Binomial Nomenclature
What is Classification?
Classification arranges
objects, ideas,
or information
into groups by finding
common
traits or characters
How Classification Works
Groups are arranged in
hierarchical order.
Nine layers of
Taxonomy
- DOMAIN is first!!!
- Species with similar
evolutionary histories
are classified more
closely together.
- When organisms share
a common ancestor,
they share an
evolutionary history
Define:
2 part naming system that uses Latin words
to represent the organism.
Usually down at the genus and species level
of naming
Genus
Species
Homo
sapien
Genus is always CAPITALIZED
species is NOT.
(If you can’t italicize, underline the genus and species!)
http://www.youtube.com/watchv=dnF_UdPbJZ0&feature=related
Using the Classification System
Taxonomic Key (AKA. Dichotomous Key)
- Statements that describe the physical
characteristics of different organisms
Taxonomic Key
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1. Fruits occur singly ....................................................... Go to 3
1' Fruits occur in clusters of two or more ......................... Go to 2
2. Fruits are round ....................................................... Grapes
2' Fruits are elongate ................................................... Bananas
3. Thick skin that separates easily from flesh .............Oranges
3' Thin skin that adheres to flesh .............................. Go to 4
4. More than one seed per fruit ............................ Apples
4' One seed per fruit ............................................ Go to 5
5. Skin covered with velvety hairs .................... Peaches
5' Skin smooth, without hairs ........................... Plums
Now it is your turn to try…
Concreticus nailus- Concrete Nail
Lupus eyeous- Loop Screw
Stapli galvani- Looped Staple
Screwus longus- Long Screw
Screwus shortus- Short Screw
Naili shinicus- Shiny Nail
Naili copperus- Copper nail
Pinus metali- Metal Shelf pin
Pinus plastici- Plastic shelf pin
Pinus brassicus- Brass shelf pin
Wire insulati- Wire insulator
Drywalli plugicus- Drywall plug