Download Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15

Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
1.
2.
4.
The Moon's cycle of phases can be observed from Earth because
the Moon
A.
is smaller than Earth
B.
is tilted on its axis
C.
rotates on its axis
D. revolves around Earth
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the graph
below, which shows the maximum altitude of the Moon,
measured by an observer located at a latitude of 43 N during
June in a particular year. The names and appearance of the four
major Moon phases are shown at the top of the graph, directly
above the date on which the phase occurred.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
Earth Science Reference Tables, the diagram below, and your
knowledge of Earth science. The diagram represents a model of
the Earth-Moon system as viewed from above the North Pole.
The numbers 1 through 8 represent positions of the Moon as
it revolves around Earth. The parts of the diagram lettered A
through D show hoe the Moon's phases to an observer in New
York State.
Which diagram best represents the Moon's phase observed on
June 11?
A.
B.
C.
D.
The time required for the Moon to complete one cycle of phases
is about one
A.
3.
day
B.
week
C.
month
D. year
An observer in New York State sees a crescent phase of the
moon, as shown.
5.
At which position is the Moon when this crescent is observed?
A.
position 6
B.
C.
position 8
D. position 4
Seasonal changes on Earth are primarily caused by the
A.
parallelism of the Sun's axis as the Sun revolves around
Earth
B.
changes in distance between Earth and the Sun
C.
elliptical shape of Earth's orbit around the Sun
D. tilt of Earth's axis as Earth revolves around the Sun
position 2
6.
During which Northern Hemisphere season is Earth closest to
the Sun?
A.
page 1
spring
B.
summer
C.
autumn
D. winter
7.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the graph
below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The graph
represents the duration of insolation at four di erent latitudes on
Earth on four di erent dates.
9.
The accompanying diagram represents part of Earth's
latitude-longitude system.
What is the latitude and longitude of point L?
The total number of daylight hours during an entire year is
A.
greatest at 41 N
B.
greatest at 41 S
C.
di erent at each of the four locations
10.
5 E 30 N
B.
5 W 30 S
C.
5 N 30 E
D. 5 S 30 W
The lines on which set of views best represent Earth's latitude
system?
A.
D. the same at each of the four locations
8.
A.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram
below, which represents the elliptical orbit of a planet traveling
around a star. Points A, B, C, and D are four positions of this
planet in its orbit.
B.
C.
D.
The gravitational attraction between the star and the planet will
be greatest at position
A.
A
B.
B
C.
C
D. D
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Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
11.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the passage
and map below. The map shows sections of the Atlantic Ocean,
the Caribbean Sea, and the Gulf of Mexico.
13.
Shipwreck
Which map below shows the most likely storm track for a
hurricane ( ) in the Atlantic Ocean?
A.
In 1641, the crew of the ship Concepcion used the Sun and
stars for navigation. The crew thought that the ship was just
north of Puerto Rico, but ocean currents had carried them o
course. The ship hit a coral reef and sank o the coast of the
Dominican Republic. The X on the map marks the location of
the sunken ship.
B.
What is the approximate latitude and longitude of the sunken
ship?
12.
A.
20.5 N 70 E
B.
20.5 N 70 W
C.
20.5 S 70 E
D. 20.5 S 70 W
The diagram below represents a Foucault pendulum swinging
freely for 8 hours.
C.
The pendulum appears to change its direction of swing because
of Earth's
A.
tectonic plate movement
B.
C.
rotation
D. revolution
D.
force of gravity
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Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
14.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the graph
below. The graph shows the recorded change in water level
(ocean tides) at a coastal city in the northeastern United States
during 1 day.
16.
The diagrams below represent Earth's ocean tides at four
di erent positions of the Moon. Which diagram shows the
Moon position that will produce the highest high tides and the
lowest low tides? (The diagrams are not drawn to scale.)
Key
E = Earth
H = High tide
M = Moon
L = Low tide
A.
B.
C.
According to the pattern shown on the graph, the next high tide
will occur on the following day at approximately
A.
15.
12:30 am
B.
2:00 am
C.
3:15 am
D. 4:00 am
D.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
Earth Science Reference Tables, the diagram below, and your
knowledge of Earth science. The diagram represents the orbits
of four planets and Halley's Comet. The period of revolution is
shown for the comet. The orbital positions of Halley's Comet
are shown for the years 1910, 1948, and 1986.
At which of these points in its orbit does Halley's Comet have
the greatest orbital velocity?
A.
A
B.
B
C.
C
D. D
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Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
17.
21.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the Earth
Science Reference Tables, the data tables below, and on your
knowledge of Earth science. Table 1 shows average planetary
distance from the Sun in astronomical units (AU) and average
orbital speet has been deliberately left blank. Table 2 lists the
ve largest asteroids and their average distance from the Sun in
astronomical units. A blank graph is provided for student use.
Table 1
Planet
Average Average
Distance Orbital
from Sun
Speed
(AU)
(km/sec)
Mercury
0.4
48.0
Venus
0.7
35.0
Mars
1.5
24.0
Earth
Jupiter
Saturn
Uranus
Neptune
Pluto
1.0
Which atmospheric conditions would cause smoke from a
camp re on a beach to blow toward the ocean?
A.
warm air over the land and cool air over the ocean
B.
humid air over the land and dry air over the ocean
C.
low-density air over the land and highdensity air over the
ocean
D. high air pressure over the land and low air pressure over
the ocean
30.0
5.2
13.0
9.6
22.
10.0
19.0
7.0
30.0
39.0
4.7
Which two gases have been added to Earth's atmosphere in large
amounts and are believed to have increased global warming by
absorbing infrared radiation?
Table 2
Asteroid Average Distance
from Sun
(AU)
A.
neon and argon
Vesta
2.4
Ceres
2.7
2.8
B.
chlorine and nitrogen
2.8
C.
hydrogen and helium
Juno
Pallas
Hygiea
3.2
D. methane and carbon dioxide
The asteroids shown in table 2 are located between the orbits of
18.
19.
20.
A.
Mercury and Venus
B.
Earth and Mars
C.
Mars and Jupiter
D. Neptune and Pluto
23.
Ozone is concentrated in Earth's atmosphere at an altitude of 20
to 35 kilometers. Which atmospheric layer contains the greatest
concentration of ozone?
A.
mesosphere
B.
C.
troposphere
D. stratosphere
Under which atmospheric conditions will water most likely
evaporate at the fastest rate?
A.
hot, humid, and calm
B.
hot, dry, and windy
C.
cold, humid, and windy
D. cold, dry, and calm
thermosphere
Almost all of the water vapor in Earth's atmosphere is contained
in the
A.
mesosphere
B.
stratosphere
C.
troposphere
D. thermosphere
Which atmospheric conditions are necessary for condensation?
A.
saturated air and dewpoint temperature much lower than air
temperature
B.
unsaturated air and dewpoint temperature much higher than
air temperature
C.
saturated air and equal dewpoint and air temperatures
D. unsaturated air and equal dewpoint and air temperatures
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Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
24.
Which pie graph correctly shows the percentage of elements by
volume in Earth's troposphere?
26.
What is the air pressure indicated on the weather station model
shown?
A.
A.
900.6 mb
B.
960.0 mb
C.
1000.6 mb
D. 1006.0 mb
B.
27.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the weather
station model shown below.
C.
What is the approximate wind direction and windspeed indicated
by the station model?
D.
A.
from the northwest at 15 knots
B.
from the southeast at 15 knots
C.
from the northwest at 25 knots
D. from the southeast at 25 knots
28.
25.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the weather
station model shown below.
The accompanying station model shows the weather conditions
at Massena, New York, at 9 am on a particular day in June.
Which statement correctly describes the relative humidity at this
station?
A.
The relative humidity is 0% because the cloud cover is
100%.
B.
The relative humidity is 100% because the air temperature
and dewpoint are both 48 F.
C.
The relative humidity is 98.6% because 986 is the symbol
for 98.6%.
What was the barometric pressure at Massena 3 hours earlier on
that day?
A.
997.1 mb
B.
999.7 mb
C.
1003.3 mb
D. 1009.1 mb
D. The relative humidity is 50% because is the symbol for
50%.
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Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
29.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the map
below, which shows sea-level air pressure, in millibars, for a
portion of the eastern coast of North America. Points A, B, C,
and D are sea-level locations on Earth's surface.
31.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the Earth
Science Reference Tables, the graph below, and your knowledge
of Earth science. The graph shows variations in air temperature
and relative humidity for a spring day in Oswego, New York.
What was the approximate relative humidity at 6:00 pm?
A.
32.
B.
47%
C.
59%
D. 71%
At what time did the air most likely have the greatest capacity
to hold water vapor?
A.
33.
11%
5 am
B.
10 am
C.
5 pm
D. 10 pm
The accompanying diagram shows a cross section of a cold
front.
Which weather instrument was used to measure the air pressures?
30.
A.
thermometer
B.
wind vane
C.
sling psychrometer
D. barometer
The cross section below shows a weather front. The large arrow
shows the direction of the movement of the cool air mass.
The cloud formation and precipitation shown in the cross section
are caused by
Which type of weather front is shown?
A.
warm front
B.
C.
occluded front
D. stationary front
A.
cold air rising and warming
B.
cold air sinking and warming
C.
warm air rising and cooling
D. warm air sinking and cooling
cold front
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Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
34.
Which graph best shows the relationship between the probability
of precipitation and the di erence between air temperature and
dewpoint?
36.
A.
Adjacent water and landmasses are heated by the morning
Sun on a clear, calm day. After a few hours, a surface wind
develops. Which map best represents this wind's direction?
A.
B.
C.
D.
B.
37.
C.
A.
The cP air mass is warmer and less humid.
B.
The cP air mass is colder and more humid.
C.
The mT air mass is warmer and more humid.
D. The mT air mass is colder and less humid.
38.
What is the general movement of the surface winds around the
center of this low-pressure area?
A.
counterclockwise and outward
B.
counterclockwise and inward
C.
clockwise and outward
D. clockwise and inward
D.
35.
What is the di erence in the air temperature and humidity
between the cP and mT air masses?
The properties of an air mass are mostly determined by the
A.
rate of Earth's rotation
B.
direction of Earth's surface winds
C.
source region where the air mass formed
D. path the air mass follows along a land surface
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Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
39.
The accompanying map shows partial weather conditions for
weather stations A and B at 4 pm. A weather front is located
between the two stations.
40.
Which graph represents the temperature change that will most
likely occur at station A as the front passes in the next three
hours?
A.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the Earth
Science Reference Tables, the weather map below showing part
of the United States, and your knowledge of Earth science.
The arrows in the cross sections below represent the general
direction of air movement. Which cross section along a
straight line between Cincinnati and Boston best represents the
weather fronts, clouds, precipitation, and general direction of air
movement shown in the map?
B.
A.
C.
B.
D.
C.
D.
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Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
41.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the graph
below, which shows the average daily precipitation for Paris,
France, during an 8-year period.
42.
The map below represents a satellite image of Hurricane Gilbert
in the Gulf of Mexico. Each X represents the position of the
center of the storm on the date indicated.
Which days showed the greatest di erence in average
precipitation during this 8-year period?
Compared to its strength on September 16, the strength of
Hurricane Gilbert on September 18 was
A.
Mondays and Tuesdays
A.
B.
Wednesdays and Thursdays
C.
Thursdays and Fridays
less
B.
greater
C.
the same
D. Fridays and Saturdays
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Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
43.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the Earth Science Reference Tables, the weather map below, and your knowledge of Earth
science. The map shows weather systems over the central and eastern United States and weather data for several cities.
Which map correctly shows the movement of surface air associated with the high-pressure and low-pressure systems?
A.
B.
C.
D.
44. Why are carbon dioxide and water vapor called the greenhouse
gases?
46.
A.
They are found in varying amounts in Earth's atmosphere
A.
Earth's revolution around the Sun
B.
They are found in xed amounts in Earth's bedrock
B.
the changing phases of the Moon
C.
They are good re ectors of infrared radiation
C.
the gravitational attraction between the Moon and Earth
D. They are good absorbers of infrared radiation
45.
Ocean tides observed at coastal locations each day are primarily
caused by
D. seasonal changes in the compass location of sunrise
Energy is transferred from the Sun to Earth mainly by
A.
molecular collisions
B.
density currents
C.
electromagnetic waves
D. red shifts
page 11
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
47.
48.
The diagram below shows Earth as viewed from space on
December 21.
50.
The diagram below shows a solid iron bar that is being heated
in a ame.
The longest duration of insolation on December 21 will occur at
The primary method of heat transfer in the solid iron bar is
A.
A.
convection
B.
C.
absorption
D. advection
90 N
B.
30 N
C.
30 S
D. 90 S
How do the rates of warming and cooling of land surfaces
compare to the rates of warming and cooling of ocean surfaces?
A.
Land surfaces warm faster and cool more slowly.
B.
Land surfaces warm more slowly and cool faster.
C.
Land surfaces warm faster and cool faster.
51.
conduction
The accompanying diagram shows the heating of water.
D. Land surfaces warm more slowly and cool more slowly.
49.
The accompanying table shows the duration of insolation at
di erent latitudes for three di erent days during the year.
Latitude
Day 1
Day 2
Day 3
Duration of Duration of Duration of
Insolation
Insolation
Insolation
(hours)
(hours)
(hours)
90 N
24
12
70 N
24
12
80 N
60 N
50 N
40 N
30 N
20 N
10 N
0 N
24
18 21
12
12
16 14
12
14
12
15
12
13 14
12
12 12
12
12
12
0
0
0
The main method of heat transfer occuring within the water is
called
5 12
6 34
9
10
11 12
A.
conduction
B.
convection
C.
radiation
D. insolation
11 12
12
Which dates are represented most correctly by Day 1, Day 2,
and Day 3, respectively?
A.
March 21, September 22, December 21
B.
June 21, September 22, December 21
C.
September 22, December 21, March 21
D. December 21, March 21, June 21
page 12
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
52.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram
below and on your knowledge of Earth science. The diagram
represents four stations, A, B, C, and D, in a laboratory
investigation in which equal volumes of sand at the same
starting temperature were heated by identical light sources. The
light sources were the same distance from each station, but at
di erent angles to the surfaces. Two thermometers were used at
each station, one just above the surface and the other just below
the surface. The lights were turned on for 30 minutes and then
removed for the next 30 minutes. Temperatures were recorded
each minute for the 60 minutes.
53.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the map
and graph below. The map shows two cities, Arica and Rio de
Janeiro, located on opposite coasts of South America. Both
cities are near sea level. The graph shows the average monthly
temperatures for the cities.
Most of the energy from the light sources was transferred to the
sand by the process of
A.
conduction
B.
convection
C.
radiation
D. transpiration
Why does Arica have cooler average monthly temperatures than
Rio de Janeiro?
A.
Rio de Janeiro receives insolation at a higher angle than
Arica.
B.
Rio de Janeiro is in uenced by a warmer ocean current
than Arica.
C.
Arica is farther north than Rio de Janeiro.
D. Arica receives yearly insolation that is less intense than Rio
de Janeiro.
page 13
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
54.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram
below, which represents the greenhouse e ect in which heat
energy is trapped in Earth's atmosphere.
56.
The accompanying diagram shows the average yearly
precipitation, in centimeters, at locations A through E across the
State of Washington. Arrows indicate the direction of prevailing
winds.
Which statement best explains why location B and location E
receive relatively low average yearly precipitation?
Which type of radiation from Earth is the long-wave radiation
absorbed by greenhouse gases?
55.
A.
ultraviolet
B.
visible light
C.
infrared
D. radio waves
A.
These locations are on the leeward side of mountain ranges.
B.
These locations are on the windward side of mountain
ranges.
C.
These locations receive more insolation than the other
locations.
D. These locations receive less insolation than the other
locations.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the map
below, which shows North American air-mass source regions, the
resulting air-mass names, and typical air-mass tracks.
57.
The Canaries Current along the west coast of Africa and the
Peru Current along the west coast of South America are both
A.
warm currents that ow away from the Equator
B.
warm currents that ow toward the Equator
C.
cool currents that ow away from the Equator
D. cool currents that ow toward the Equator
A maritime polar air mass approaching New York State would
most likely bring
A.
cool, moist air from the north
B.
warm, moist air from the south
C.
cool, dry air from the southeast
D. warm, dry air from the southeast
page 14
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
58.
The map below shows the locations of Virginia Beach, Virginia,
and Spring eld, Missouri.
60.
Arrows on the maps below show di erences in the direction
of winds in the region of India and the Indian Ocean during
January and July. Isobar values are recorded in millibars.
January
July
Heavy monsoon rains usually occur in India during
A.
January, when winds blow from the land
B.
January, when winds blow toward high pressure
C.
July, when winds blow from the ocean
D. July, when winds blow toward high pressure
Virginia Beach experiences cooler summers and warmer winters
than Spring eld because Virginia Beach
A.
is located closer to the Atlantic Ocean
B.
is located closer to the equator
C.
has a greater average yearly duration of insolation
D. has a greater average yearly intensity of insolation
59.
Which combination of climate factors generally results in the
coldest temperatures?
A.
low elevation and low latitude
B.
low elevation and high latitude
C.
high elevation and low latitude
D. high elevation and high latitude
page 15
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
61.
Which graph best represents the average monthly temperatures
for one year at a location in the Southern Hemisphere?
62.
A.
63.
B.
Which natural event temporarily slows or reverses surface ocean
currents in the equatorial region of the Paci c Ocean, causing a
disruption of normal weather patterns?
A.
monsoons
B.
volcanic eruptions
C.
El Ni~no
D. deforestation
Which event is inferred by most scientists to be responsible for
a climate change that has recently led to a decrease in the size
of most glaciers?
A.
a decrease in the rate of divergence of lithospheric plates
along a mid-ocean ridge
B.
a decrease in the amount of insolation reaching Earth's
surface
C.
an increase in the amount of greenhouse gases in Earth's
atmosphere
D. an increase in the amount of vegetative cover in the tropics
64. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram
below, which has lettered arrows showing the motions of Earth
and the Moon.
C.
(Not drawn to scale)
Key
D.
Arrow
A
B
C
D
Motion
Earth's rotation
on its axis
Earth's revolution
around the Sun
The Moon's rotation
on its axis
The Moon's revolution
around Earth
Which two motions are completed in about the same amount of
time?
A.
page 16
A and B
B.
B and C
C.
C and D
D. A and D
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
65.
What causes many surface winds to de ect to the right in the
Northern Hemisphere?
70.
A.
rotation of Earth on its axis
A.
barometric pressure
B.
B.
unequal heating of Earth's surface
C.
relative humidity
D. wind speed
C.
gravitational force of the Moon
71.
D. gravitational force of the Sun
66.
67.
Which weather variable can be determined by using a
psychrometer?
cloud cover
The weather instrument below can be used to determine relative
humidity.
During which process does heat transfer occur because of density
di erences?
A.
conduction
B.
convection
C.
radiation
D. re ection
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram
below of a weather instrument.
Based on the temperatures shown, the relative humidity is
Which weather variable is this instrument designed to measure?
68.
A.
visibility
B.
C.
dewpoint temperature
D. air pressure
A.
19%
B.
2%
C.
33%
D. 40%
relative humidity
72.
A weather instrument is shown below.
Why have weather predictions become more accurate and reliable
in recent years?
A.
Weather conditions now change more slowly than they did
in the past
B.
More people today watch televised weather reports
C.
Scientists have developed better methods of controlling the
weather
D. Scientists have developed better technology to observe
weather conditions
69.
Which weather instrument has most improved the accuracy of
weather forecasts over the past 40 years?
A.
thermometer
B.
sling psychrometer
C.
weather satellite
D. weather balloon
Which weather variable is measured by this instrument?
page 17
A.
wind speed
B.
precipitation
C.
cloud cover
D. air pressure
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
73.
What is the dewpoint temperature when the dry-bulb temperature
is 12 C and the wet-bulb temperature is 7 C.
A.
74.
24 C
B.
5 C
C.
6 C
76.
D. 4 C
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the Earth
Science Reference Tables, the graph below, and your knowledge
of Earth science. The graph shows variations in air temperature
and relative humidity for a spring day in Oswego, New York.
A student uses a sling psychrometer outdoors on a clear day.
The dry-bulb (air) temperature is 10 C. The water on the wet
bulb will most likely
A.
condense, causing the wet-bulb temperature to be higher
than the air temperature
B.
condense, causing the wet-bulb temperature to be equal to
the air temperature
C.
evaporate, causing the wet-bulb temperature to be lower
than the air temperature
D. evaporate, causing the wet-bulb temperature to be equal to
the air temperature
77.
The incomplete owchart below shows some of the changes that
occur in warm air as it rises to form a cloud.
Which statement should be placed in the empty box to accurately
complete the owchart?
Which change most likely caused the decrease in relative
humidity between 6:00 am and 3:00 pm?
A.
The dewpoint increased
B.
The moisture content of the air increased
C.
The rate of evaporation increased
The air warms as it expands.
B.
The air cools until it reaches the dewpoint.
C.
The air's relative humidity decreases to zero.
D. The air enters the thermosphere.
D. The air temperature increased
75.
A.
78.
A map view of surface air movement in a low-pressure system
is shown.
A dry-bulb temperature of 30 C and a wet-bulb temperature of
29 C were recorded at a weather station. What are the relative
humidity and the most likely weather conditions?
A.
Relative humidity is 29% with clear skies.
B.
Relative humidity is 29% with a good chance of snow.
C.
Relative humidity is 93% with clear skies.
D. Relative humidity is 93% with a good chance of rain.
The air near the center of this low-pressure system usually will
A.
evaporate into a liquid
B.
reverse direction
C.
rise and form clouds
D. squeeze together to form a high-pressure system
page 18
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
79.
81.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the Earth
Science Reference Tables, the data table below, and your
knowledge of Earth science. The data table shows a classi cation
system for hurricanes. A storm surge is a dome of water 65 to
80 kilometers wide that sweeps ashore at the coast near the
point where the storm center (eye) hits the land.
Sa r-Simpson Hurricane Scale
Hurricane Central Air Windspeed
Category
Pressure
(km/hr)
(mb)
1
2
3
over 979
965–979
119–153
154–177
1.2–1.5
1.6–2.4
low-pressure funnel clouds that spin clockwise
B.
low-pressure funnel clouds that spin counter-clockwise
C.
high-pressure funnel clouds that spin clockwise
D. high-pressure funnel clouds that spin counterclockwise
Expected
Damage
Minimal
82.
Moderate
In the Northern Hemisphere, surface winds around the center of
a hurricane move
2.5–3.6
Extensive
over 250
over 5.4
Catastrophic
A.
clockwise and inward
Which characteristic must a tropical storm have to be classi ed
as a hurricane on the Sa r-Simpson scale?
B.
clockwise and outward
C.
counterclockwise and inward
A.
enough strength to cause catastrophic damage
D. counterclockwise and outward
B.
a storm surge of at least 2.0 m
C.
central air pressure over 980 mb
5
920–944
below 920
210–250
3.7–5.4
Extreme
83.
D. a windspeed of at least 119 km/hr
80.
A.
178–209
4
945–964
Expected Storm
Surge Height
(m)
In the United States, most tornadoes are classi ed as intense
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram
below, which represents Earth revolving around the Sun.
Letters A, B, C, and D represent Earth's location in its orbit on
the rst day of the four seasons. NP represents the North Pole.
The accompanying graph shows the total number of deaths per
month caused by lightning in the United States between 1959
and 1990.
Which location in Earth's orbit represents the
summer in New York State?
A.
84.
Based on the information on the graph, which prediction about
lightning deaths in the United States in the year 2000 would be
most accurate?
A.
Most deaths will occur along the eastern coastline.
B.
The number of deaths will exceed 900.
C.
The greatest number of deaths will occur during summer.
A
B.
B
C.
C
rst day of
D. D
Clouds usually form when moist air rises because the air
A.
contracts and cools
B.
contracts and warms
C.
expands and cools
D. expands and warms
D. Most deaths will be the result of hurricanes.
page 19
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
85.
The accompanying cartoon shows a strong wind blowing from
right to left.
87.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram
below, which shows Earth's planetary wind belts and pressure
belts.
The wind is blowing from right to left because the region to the
right has a higher
86.
A.
air temperature
B.
C.
relative humidity
D. elevation
The best inference that can be made from this diagram is that
winds blow from regions of
air pressure
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the Earth
Science Reference Tables, the weather map below, and your
knowledge of Earth science. The map shows surface weather
conditions over the central United States at 1:00 am for a day in
May. Shaded areas represent precipitation.
A.
high latitude to regions of low latitude
B.
high pressure to regions of low pressure
C.
high elevation to regions of low elevation
D. high temperature to regions of low temperature
88.
The accompanying map shows high-pressure and low-pressure
weather systems in the United States.
The boundary between the cP and the mT air masses shown on
the map is called
A.
a warm front
B.
C.
an isotherm
D. an isobar
Which two lettered positions on the map are most likely
receiving precipitation?
a cold front
A.
page 20
A and B
B.
B and D
C.
C and E
D. A and D
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
89.
Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the weather
map below, which shows the location of fronts and the
temperature eld on a given day in the United States.
The passage of a cold front most recently in uenced the weather
of which two cities?
A.
Chicago and Boise
B.
Las Vegas and Salt Lake City
C.
Kansas City and Minneapolis
D. Detroit and Cincinnati
90.
Which map shows the two correctly labeled air masses that frequently converge in the central plains to cause tornadoes?
A.
B.
C.
D.
page 21
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
91.
The cross section below shows a house on the shore of Lake
Ontario in August.
95.
The diagram below represents a portion of the solar system.
Under which conditions would the wind shown in the cross
section most likely occur?
A.
at 2 AM, when the air over land is 70 F and the air over
the lake is 80 F
B.
at 6 AM, when the air over land is 70 F and the air over
the lake is 70 F
C.
at 2 PM, when the air over land is 80 F and the air over
the lake is 70 F
In addition to Earth, which planets are represented by the
diagram?
D. at 10 PM, when the air over land is 70 F and the air over
the lake is 72 F
96.
92.
93.
94.
Most surface ocean currents are caused by
A.
tides
B.
evaporation
C.
prevailing winds
D. salinity di erences
97.
Which ocean current cools the climate of some locations along
the western coastline of North America?
A.
Florida Current
B.
C.
Canaries Current
D. Alaska Current
A.
Saturn and Pluto
B.
Mercury and Venus
C.
Uranus and Neptune
D. Jupiter and Mars
Which object is located at one foci of the elliptical orbit of
Mars?
A.
the Sun
B.
C.
Earth
D. Jupiter
Betelgeuse
Which object is closest to Earth?
A.
the Sun
B.
Venus
C.
the Moon
D. Mars
California Current
Which ocean current ows northeast along the eastern coast of
North America?
A.
Gulf Stream
B.
North Equatorial
C.
California
D. Labrador
page 22
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
98.
The symbols below are used to represent di erent regions of
space.
100. Which photograph of star trails was taken by an observer facing
directly north in New York State?
A.
Which diagram shows the correct relationship between these four
regions? [If one symbol is within another symbol, that means it
is part of, or included in, that symbol.]
A.
B.
B.
C.
C.
D.
D.
99.
101. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the Earth
Science Reference Tables and on your knowledge of Earth
science.
Most scientists believe the Milky Way Galaxy is
A.
spherical in shape
B.
4.6 billion years old
C.
composed of stars revolving around Earth
Which model of a planet's orbit best represents the actual
eccentricity of the orbit of Mars? (models are drawn to scale.)
D. one of billions of galaxies in the universe
page 23
A.
B.
C.
D.
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
102. On which two dates could all locations on Earth have equal
hours of day and night?
A.
September 23 and December 21
B.
December 21 and March 21
C.
March 21 and June 21
106. The accompanying diagram shows the Moon at four positions in
its orbit around Earth as viewed from above the North Pole.
D. March 21 and September 21
103. Which event is most predictable?
A.
The Sun rises.
B.
An earthquake occurs.
C.
A meteorite falls to Earth.
D. Coral fossils are found on mountaintops.
Beginning with the Moon at position X (the new-Moon phase),
which sequence of Moon phases would be seen by an observer
on Earth during 1 month?
104. To an observer in New York State, the Sun appears to rise each
day somewhere along the
A.
northern horizon
B.
C.
eastern horizon
D. western horizon
A.
southern horizon
B.
105. The accompanying diagram represents a student's constructed
laboratory drawing.
C.
D.
107. How long does Earth take to complete one orbit around the Sun?
A.
1 day
B.
1 month
C.
1 year
D. 1 decade
The student's drawing best represents the
A.
shape of Earth's Moon
B.
shape of an elliptical orbit
C.
path of an earthquake wave
D. path of a projectile de ected by Earth's rotation
page 24
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
108. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the
Earth Science Reference Tables, the diagram below, and your
knowledge of Earth science. The diagram shows a portion of
the solar system.
110. The diagram below shows Earth and the Moon in four locations
during their orbits. Arrows A through D represent di erent
motions of Earth, the Moon, and the Sun.
The actual orbits of the planets are
Which arrow represents a rate of movement of approximately 1
per day?
A.
elliptical, with Earth at one of the foci
A.
B.
elliptical, with the Sun at one of the foci
C.
circular, with Earth at the center
A
B.
B
C.
C
D. D
111. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the Earth
Science Reference Tables, the diagrams below, and your
knowledge of Earth science. The diagrams represent four
di erent mineral samples with di erent shapes and masses.
Diagrams are not drawn to scale.
D. circular, with the Sun at the center
109. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the diagram
below, which shows a model of Earth's orbit around the Sun.
Letters A, B, C, and D represent Earth's position at the beginning
of each season.
Which instrument was most likely used to nd the volume of
each sample?
A.
graduated cylinder
B.
balance
C.
thermometer
D. psychrometer
112. A student nds the mass of sample B to be 17.5 grams. What is
the student's approximate percent deviation (percentage of error)?
A.
1.5%
B.
6.7%
C.
8.8%
D. 9.4%
How many degrees will the Sun's vertical rays shift on Earth's
surface as Earth travels from position C to position D ?
A.
15
B.
23.5
C.
47
D. 365
page 25
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
113. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the Earth
Science Reference Tables, the diagram and data tables below,
and your knowledge of Earth science.
115. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the Earth
Science Reference Tables and on your knowledge of Earth
science.
The diagram below represents a solid object with a density of
3 grams per cubic centimeter.
The diagram shows a process that is used to separate
gypsum from shale on the basis of density. Crushed rock
is dropped into a mixture of liquid and small particles,
called a slurry. The data tables show the mass and volume
of three samples of gypsum and three samples of shale
after they were separated by this process.
What is the mass of this object?
A.
A student weights sample 3 of the shale and incorrectly
determines the mass to be 16 grams. Which equation should
be used to calculate the student's percentage of error (percent
deviation)?
18
16
A.
percentage of error =
B.
percentage of error =
C.
percentage of error =
18
16
100
D. percentage of error =
16
18
100
18
18
16
16
0.5 g
B.
2g
C.
18 g
D. 36 g
116. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the Earth
Science Reference Tables, the diagram and data tables below,
and your knowledge of Earth science.
The diagram shows a process that is used to separate
gypsum from shale on the basis of density. Crushed rock
is dropped into a mixture of liquid and small particles,
called a slurry. The data tables show the mass and volume
of three samples of gypsum and three samples of shale
after they were separated by this process.
100
100
114. The cartoon below presents a humorous look at science.
What is the average density of the three samples of gypsum?
A.
The correct explanation of why ice oats is that, compared to
liquid water, solid ice
A.
has less mass
B.
C.
is less dense
D. is more dense
0.5 g/cm3
B.
2.0 g/cm3
C.
3.0 g/cm3
D. 8.7 g/cm3
117. A rock sample has a mass of 16 grams and a volume of 8 cubic
centimeters. When the rock is cut in half, what is the volume
and density of each piece?
has more mass
page 26
A.
8 cm3 and 0.5 g/cm3
B.
8 cm3 and 1.0 g/cm3
C.
4 cm3 and 2.0 g/cm3
D. 4 cm3 and 4.0 g/cm3
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
118. Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the Earth
Science Reference Tables, the diagrams below, and your
knowledge of Earth science. The diagrams represent four solid
objects made of the same uniform material. The volumes of the
sphere and the bar are not given.
119. The accompanying graph shows the relationship between mass
and volume for three samples, A, B, and C, of a given material.
The sphere was dropped into water in a graduated cylinder as
shown.
What is the density of this material?
A.
1.0 g/cm3
B.
5.0 g/cm3
C.
10.0 g/cm3
D. 20.0 g/cm3
What is the volume of the sphere?
A.
15 mL
B.
25 mL
C.
40 mL
D. 65 mL
page 27
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
Problem-Attic format version 4.4.218
c 2011–2014 EducAide Software
_
Licensed for use by jim benedict
Terms of Use at www.problem-attic.com
Honors Earth Science Midterm 2014-15
03/15/2015
1.
Answer:
D
21.
Answer:
D
2.
Answer:
C
22.
Answer:
D
3.
Answer:
B
23.
Answer:
B
4.
Answer:
C
24.
Answer:
A
5.
Answer:
D
25.
Answer:
B
6.
Answer:
D
26.
Answer:
C
7.
Answer:
D
27.
Answer:
C
8.
Answer:
A
28.
Answer:
C
9.
Answer:
D
29.
Answer:
D
10.
Answer:
B
30.
Answer:
B
11.
Answer:
B
31.
Answer:
B
12.
Answer:
C
32.
Answer:
C
13.
Answer:
B
33.
Answer:
C
14.
Answer:
B
34.
Answer:
C
15.
Answer:
D
35.
Answer:
C
16.
Answer:
A
36.
Answer:
A
17.
Answer:
C
37.
Answer:
C
18.
Answer:
D
38.
Answer:
B
19.
Answer:
C
39.
Answer:
D
20.
Answer:
C
40.
Answer:
D
Teacher's Key
41.
Answer:
D
64.
Answer:
C
42.
Answer:
A
65.
Answer:
A
43.
Answer:
B
66.
Answer:
B
44.
Answer:
D
67.
Answer:
D
45.
Answer:
C
68.
Answer:
D
46.
Answer:
C
47.
Answer:
69.
Answer:
C
D
48.
Answer:
70.
Answer:
C
C
49.
Answer:
71.
Answer:
C
B
50.
Answer:
72.
Answer:
D
B
51.
Answer:
73.
Answer:
A
B
52.
Answer:
74.
Answer:
D
C
53.
Answer:
75.
Answer:
C
B
54.
Answer:
76.
Answer:
C
C
55.
Answer:
77.
Answer:
B
A
56.
Answer:
78.
Answer:
D
A
57.
Answer:
79.
Answer:
D
D
58.
Answer:
80.
Answer:
C
A
59.
Answer:
81.
Answer:
B
D
60.
Answer:
82.
Answer:
C
C
61.
Answer:
83.
Answer:
B
C
62.
Answer:
84.
Answer:
C
C
63.
Answer:
85.
Answer:
B
C
Page 2
Teacher's Key
86.
Answer:
B
109.
Answer:
B
87.
Answer:
B
110.
Answer:
A
88.
Answer:
B
111.
Answer:
A
89.
Answer:
C
112.
Answer:
D
90.
Answer:
B
113.
Answer:
A
91.
Answer:
C
92.
Answer:
114.
Answer:
C
C
93.
Answer:
115.
Answer:
C
B
94.
Answer:
116.
Answer:
B
A
95.
Answer:
117.
Answer:
C
B
96.
Answer:
118.
Answer:
B
A
97.
Answer:
119.
Answer:
C
C
98.
Answer:
A
99.
Answer:
D
100.
Answer:
A
101.
Answer:
A
102.
Answer:
D
103.
Answer:
A
104.
Answer:
C
105.
Answer:
B
106.
Answer:
B
107.
Answer:
C
108.
Answer:
B
Page 3