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Note __
Clark Science Period ________
TEST Review Quarter 2 Test #2 (46 pts.)
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Earth has seasons because its axis is tilted as it moves around the sun.
The tendency of a moving object to continue moving in a straight line or a stationary object to remain in place is called inertia.
Generally, the Earth is warmer at the equator than it is at the poles because the sunlight at the equator hits the Earth’s surface
more directly than it does at the poles.
The phase of the moon you see depends on how much of the sunlit side of the moon faces Earth.
From new moon phase to full moon phase, you see an increasing amount of the lighted side of the moon.
The amount of the lighted side of the moon you can see is the same during first quarter and third quarter phase.
Because the moon rotates once for each revolution around Earth, you never see the far side of the moon from Earth.
Scientists think the moon was formed when a large object struck Earth, and ejected material from the collision combined.
The temperature of the moon’s surface varies greatly from day to night because the moon has no atmosphere.
Water might be found on the moon near the poles.
The moon appears to be bigger at the horizon because it is an optical illusion.
Inertia and gravity keeps the moon in orbit around the Earth
There is not an eclipse every month because the orbit of the moon is tilted by about 5 degrees with respect to the Earth’s orbit.
A lunar eclipse can occur during a full moon.
For a solar eclipse to occur, the moon must be directly between Earth and the sun.
A total solar eclipse is visible from only within the moon’s umbra.
You are less likely to see a total solar eclipse than a total lunar eclipse because the moon’s umbra only covers a small area on
Earth’s surface.
The tides are at their highest when the sun, Earth, and the moon are nearly in a line.
Neap tides occur when the sun’s pull is at right angles to the moon’s
Ancient civilizations studied the stars in order to know the best time to plant their crops.
Telescopes are designed to gather and focus more visible light than the naked eye.
Early telescopes changed our view of the universe by helping to prove the heliocentric model.
In a geocentric system, the sun and planets revolve around Earth.
The heliocentric system gained support when Galileo observed sunspots moving across the face of the sun.
In a heliocentric system, Earth revolves around the sun.
An ellipse is an oval shape, which may be elongated or nearly circular.
The fact that each planet’s orbit is an ellipse was discovered by Kepler.
Copernicus explained that the sun is at the center of the system of planets.
Pluto was discovered from the Lowell Observatory.
The sun and the other stars produce energy by nuclear fusion.
A light-year is the distance light travels in a year.
A star is born when nuclear fusion starts.
The force that tends to pull together the matter in stars is gravity.
The lifetime of a star depends on its mass.
A supernova is the explosion of a dying high-mass star.
The Milky Way galaxy is an example of a(n) spiral galaxy.
Jupiter and Saturn are made of two of the same gases as the Sun but lack the mass and gravity that causes nuclear fusion.
– 41. Recognize and name the phases of the moon. 42 – 46. Recognize and name the constellations
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