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THE BLACK DEATH AND ITS EFFECTS ON EUROPE What was the Black Death and how did it effect European society during the Middle Ages? The Black Death was contagious! INFECTED Whenever you see a RED DOT appear on a slide, if you are infected with the Black Plague, pass it on to the people in front, behind, left and right of you! Then, those people will pass it on the next red dot! Let’s see how fast it spreads! Brainstorming After viewing the trailer from the 1995 movie Outbreak, staring Dustin Hoffman and Morgan Freeman, consider the following question: How might a large-scale epidemic (like in the trailer) effect a person’s society or culture? What is an epidemic? An “epidemic” is rapidly spreading and extremely infectious disease that targets a specific area Effects many people all at once What was the Black Death? The Black Death was a deadly bacterial disease, which spread rapidly throughout Europe 1300’s & 1400’s Also known as the Black Plague or the Bubonic Plague It kills by attacking the immune system Swollen glands Breaking blood vessels Fever Death Physical Effects of the Black Death “The Blisters” - The “Rosies” RING AROUND THE ROSIE Ring around the rosie A pocket full of posies Ashes, Ashes We all fall down The lyrics of the song are based ONLY off of the Black Death. Ring around the rosie is a reference to the black sores that would appear on your body as part of the plague. Your "rosie" is around the center of the back of your hand. A pocket full of posies: is a reference to people would carrying posies (flowers) around to not smell the sickening scent of dead bodies everywhere. Ashes, Ashes: signifies the ashes from all the bodies being burned on pyres. Bodies couldn't be buried or else the infection would spread. We all fall down: signifies death. The meaning wasn't later realized until a while after the Black Death had occurred. It still shocks many people to know that such an innocent song we used to sing when we were little has such a horrifying and disturbing meaning. Now when you hear this song will you think of it the same way you did before? How was the Black Death transmitted from person to person? The Black Death was transferred through two (2) ways: 1. 2. Direct contact with infected fleas Through airborne elements from infected humans The plague started in Europe in 1328 and lasted until 1351 although there were outbreaks for the next sixty years The Black Death was spread by fleas that were carried by rats of other small rodents The spread of the Black Death followed all of the Trade Routes to every country Believed to have been carried by rats on sailing vessels from Asia to European cities Nearly one third of the population died in Europe Where did the Black Death originate? Many historians believe that the Black Death originated in Asia Central Asia The Black Death spread rapidly for a number a reasons: Trade routes (land & sea) Armies Early biological warfare European Trade Routes (1300’s) Faith in Crisis The spread of the deadly plague in England was fast, and the death rate was almost 50% in isolated populations such as monasteries The church could offer no reason for the deadly disease, and beliefs were tested People began to question religion Those doubts led to the English Reformation What efforts where done to try and stop the spread of the Black Death? Many misguided efforts to stop the plague: Medical workers Burning cloves / scents Ringing bells Blessed keepsakes The “cat burnings” Methods that did work: Quarantines “Pope’s torches” What did The Black Death Medical Workers Look Like? THIS NOT THIS Plague Medical Workers The Brotherhood of Flagellates Black Death Art Black Art Black Death Death Art How did the disease effect European society? Drop in population Feudalism continues to fall apart Economies failed Loss of knowledge 25-50 million people died (1/3rd) No education during the epidemic Beginning to question the Church Priests promises of false help Is anyone left alive? How many remain?