Download Study Guide - LT 5 - Answers

Name:______________________________________Period:_____
Date:_____________
Earth’sInteriorStudyGuide
Besidesbeingasolid,name3otherdefinitivecharacteristicsthatisrequiredforallminerals.
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Is naturally occurring
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Has a specific composition
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Has a crystalline structure
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Is not alive
Whatcausesmineralstohavedifferentphysical/chemicalproperties?
Different chemical composition (elements making it up) and different arrangement of those atoms
(crystalline structure)
BesidesColorandStreakname4otherphysicalpropertiesofminerals.
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Luster
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Hardness
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Cleavage /Fracture
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Crystal Form
Identify3mineralswithspecialpropertiesandlabelthoseproperties.
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____Calcite___:_____Reacts to Hydrochloric Acid (HCl)______
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____Magnetite____:_____Magnetic_____________________
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____Halite____:_____Salty_____________________________
Whatarethetwoenvironmentsofformationforigneousrocks?
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Above ground
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Below ground
Nameonetypeofintrusiverock,andonetypeofextrusiverock.
Intrusive:_______Diorite, Granite, Granodiorite_______________________
Extrusive:_______Andesite, Basalt, Obsidian, Pumice, Rhyolite, Scoria_______
Whichtypeofextrusiveigneousrockhasacompositionthatisneitherfelsicnormafic?
Intermediate Extrusive Igneous -> Granodiorite
Whichtypeofintrusiveigneousrockhasacompositionthatisneitherfelsicnormafic?
Intermediate Intrusive Igneous -> Andesite
Completethefollowingtable:
Rock
Formedfrom
Coolingrate
Crystalsize
Texture
Rhyolite
Lava
Fast
Small
Fine
Gabbro
Magma
Slow
Large
Coarse
Basalt
Lava
Fast
Small
Fine
Pumice
Lava
Very Fast
Nocrystals
Glassy
Obsidian
Lava
Veryfast
No Crystals
Glassy
Granite
Magma
Slow
Large
Coarse
Nameaplutonic(nonvolcanic),maficigneousrock.
______Gabbro, Diorite_____
Nameanintrusive,denseanddark-coloredigneousrock. _______ Gabbro, Diorite_________
Felsicigneousrocksgenerallyhavea____Light____color.
Maficigneousrocksgenerallyhavea_____High____density.
Whichtypeofsedimentaryrockisformedwhenwaterevaporates?
Chemical
Whichclasticrockisusedalotinlandscapingbecauseiteasilysplitsintothinsheets?
Shale
Namethetwoprocessesthatformclasticsedimentaryrocks.
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Compaction
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Cementation
Whatarethetwomaintexturesthatmetamorphicrocksmayhave?
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Foliated
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Non-foliated
Whichtypeoffoliatedrockisformedthedeepestunderground?
Gneiss – high grade metamorphic rock
Whattypeofmetamorphismisassociatedwithfoliatedmetamorphicrocks?
Regional
Howisfoliateddifferentfromnon-foliated?
Foliated metamorphic rocks are mainly by pressure from regional metamorphism while non-foliated
metamorphic rocks are formed mainly by temperature from contact metamorphism.
Asmagmacoolsitforms____intrusive igneous____rockbytheprocessof___cooling and
hardening___.
Igneousrockscansolidifyfrom____magma____and______lava______.
Sedimentsform_____sedimentary_____rockbytheprocessof_____compaction and
cementation_____.
Sedimentsformfromtheprocessesof_____weathering and erosion____.
Whichprocesschangesigneousrockintometamorphicrock?
Heat and pressure
Whichprocesschangessedimentaryrockintoigneousrock?
Melting and cooling
Whichprocesschangesmetamorphicrockintosedimentaryrock?
Weathering and erosion, then compaction and cementation
Metamorphisminvolvestheadditionof_____heat____and_____pressure____topre-existing
rocks.
Compaction&cementationofsedimentsforms____sedimentary____rocks.
Subjectingsedimentaryrockstoextremeheat&pressureforms_____metamorphic____rocks.
Solidificationofmoltenmaterialsforms____igneous____rocks.
Depositionandburialofsedimentsforms_____sedimentary____rocks.
Heat&Pressureactingonigneousrocksforms______ metamorphic_____.
Solidmagmaforms______ intrusive igneous______.
Inordertoformmagma,whatmusthappentosedimentary,metamorphicorigneousrocks?
The rocks have to be heated until they melt.
Rocksburieddeepundergroundmustdowhatbeforetheyareweatheredoreroded?
Exposed to the surface.