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THE SECULAR KINGDOMS I 1216 1216 Jun 1216 July 1216 Oct 1217 Jun 1218 1219 1218 May 1219 Aug 1220 1220 Nov 1220 1272 1221 Mar 1221 Aug 1221 1274 1222 Aug 1223 1298 1223 July 1223 1224 May 1224 1225 Feb 1225 1274 1226 1230 1226 Jan 1226 Mar 1226 Sept 1226 Nov 1227 Jan 1227 Mar 1227 Aug 1227 Sept 1227 1228 1229 1228 1228 1228 1249 1229 1231 1229 1229 1230 1231 1231 1231 1236 1231 1235 1233 1240 1233 1233 1239 1234 1235 1236 1237 1238 1244 1239 1239 1239 1240 1284 1241 1242 1248 1243 1254 1244 1244 1245 1246 1248 1248 1254 1248 1249 1250 1250 1254 1250 1251 1251 1259 1251 1252 1284 1252 1259 1253 1257 1254 1273 1254 1324 1254 1254 1261 1255 1256 1256 1257 1258 1258 1259 1268 1259 1300 1259 1260 1294 1260 1269 1260 1261 1261 1282 1261 1264 1263 1264 1267 1264 1265 1268 1265 1321 1265 1265 1265 1266 1266 1266 1266 1308 1267 1337 1267 1268 1279 1268 1269 1269 1272 1270 1270 England John I Lackland Gervase: De arte versificatoria France Philip II Augustus Spain James I of Aragon Italy Pope Innocent III Dominicans & Clares confirmed HRE/Germany Frederick II East Baldwin II (E) Peter de Courtenay Pope Honorius III Henry III (ae. 9) Cathedral @ Le Mans begun Ferdinand III of Castile Fifth Crusade University of Salamanca Dominicans arrive @ Paris Franciscans arrive @ Paris New Cathedral @ Amiens begun University of Montpellier Gervase: Epitaph for G. le Marechal Salisbury Cathedral begun Death of Otto IV St. Francis to Sultan Churchmen exempt from taxation Frederick II crowned Holy Roman Emperor Guido Guerra Robert de Courtenay Dominicans arrive @ Oxford St. Bonaventure University of Padua Guido da Montefeltro Raymond VII of Toulouse Louis VIII Franciscans confirmed Poitou taken from English Franciscans arrive @ Oxford Landfrieden of Saxony Battle of Kalka River University of Naples Raymond VII heretic St. Thomas Aquinas Ezzelino da Romano, Podesta of Verona Carmelites approved Golden Bull of Rimini Avignon taken Louis IX (ae. 11) Henry III declares himself of age Pope Gregory IX Death of Genghis Khan Frederick excommunicate Council condemns Goliardi Sixth Crusade Pope Gregory's letter to Paris re "profane novelties" Seizure of Balearic Islands Michael Scot: Astronomia Wm. of Auvergne, Bishop of Paris Great Dispersion Treaty of Paris Quo elongati loosens Franciscan rule University of Toulouse Treaty of Ceprano "Adam": Memoriale rerum dificilium Grossteste lectures @ Oxford Alexander resumes teaching @ Paris Heresy punishable by death Constitutions of Melfi Parens scientiarum: Aristotle "prohibited" Wm. of Auvergne: Magesterium divinale Heretics persecuted in Germany John of Garland: Parisiana Poetria rev. Edmund of Abingdon, Archb. of Canterbury James I takes Valencia Papal Inquisition Heretics persecuted in N. France St. Louis IX comes of age Decretales Boncampagno: Rhetorica novissima Frederick appoints Ezzolino vicar of Padua Henry marries Eleanor of Provence Alexander of Hales enters Franciscans Frederick defeats Lombard League @ Cortenuova Ferdinand III takes Cordoba John of Garland: Morale Scholarium Frederick deposed and heretic Jacomo da Sant'Andrea murdered Farinata leads Ghibellines Siger of Brabant Pope Celestine IV Albertus Magnus: Summa de creaturis Pope Innocent IV Treaty of Almizra Lyons <-- Innocent IV First Council of Lyons: Frederick deposed again Sainte-Chapelle, Paris Seventh Crusade Ferdinand takes Seville Farinata helps expel Guelphs Albertus Magnus returns to Cologne Death of Raymond VII of Toulouse Piero della Vigna commits suicide Death of Frederick II Henri d'Andeli: Battle of the Seven Arts Eberhard: Laborintus Conrad IV Innocent IV: Apparatus...Decretalium Innocent IV --> Italy Baldwin II of Constantinople Mongols defeat Ch'in Mongols vict. @ Legnica Muslims conquer Jerusalem Mongols rule over all Russia St. Louis takes Damietta St. Louis surrenders Mongke Khan Rule of the Golden Horde Vincent of Beauvais: Speculum maius Alfonso X of Castile Aquinas @ Paris Bonaventure, Franciscan chair Great Interregnum Marco Polo Edward marries Eleanor of Castile St. Louis returns from Crusade Pope Alexander IV Aristotle prescribed for Paris MA Albertus Magnus: Against Averroes Augustinian Hermits established Provisions of Oxford Bonaventure, Minister General Treaty of Corbeil Aquinas begins Summa contra Gentiles Farinata expelled Mongols v. @ B. of Baghdad Aquinas --> Naples Guido Cavalcanti Provisions of Westminster Peace of Paris Kublai Khan Niccolo and Maffeo Polo travel to Kublai Khan Farinata & Siena def. Guelphs @ Montaperti Jovial Friars approved by Pope Alexander Mamelukes v. @ B. of Ain Jalut Dissolution of Latin Empire Michael III Paleologus (E) Pope Urban IV Urban IV reaffirms Parens scientiarum Second Barons' War Battle of Lewes: Henry III prisoner Death of Farinata Pope Clement IV Dante Alighieri de Montfort's Parliament Battle of Evesham: Simon de Montfort KIA First Parliament Siger teaching Averroism @ Paris Guelphs return to Florence Charles of Anjou def. Manfred @ Benevento Jovial Friars join Podesta Duns Scotus Giotto Treaty of Viterbo: Latin Empire to Charles of Anjou Roger Bacon: Opus Maius, Opus Minus Mongols defeat Sung Charles of Anjou def. Conradin @ Tagliacozzo Bacon: Opus Tertium Condemnation of 13 Aristotelian propositions a.m.rosiene 11-Nov-2008 Paris <-- Aquinas Aquinas: De unitate intellectus Eighth Crusade