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Describe photosynthesis using a word equation. .................... ................... + ..................... ........................ + ...................... This graph suggests that the level of oxygen in the atmosphere was important for the evolution of many living organisms. How much oxygen was needed in the atmosphere for the evolution of land animals? A 0.009% B 0.09% C 0.9% D 9.0% Suggest how photosynthesis could have changed the gas content of the atmosphere. v ............................................................. ............................................................. ............................................................. ............................................................. ............................................................. ............................................................. ............................................................. Explain how the structure of a leaf is adapted for photosynthesis including ideas about large surface area, chlorophyll in chloroplasts and stomata for gas exchange. The diagram shows a section through a leaf. Fill in the boxes to identify cell types A-D and the gases moving into and out of the leaf. Outline the role of xylem and phloem vessels. Interpret graphs showing factors affecting the rate of photosynthesis and use them to identify limiting factors. ............................................................... ............................................................... ............................................................... ............................................................... .............................................................. Label axes A and B and suggest a factor which may be limiting the rate of photosynthesis. for each graph. Complete the diagram to explain how osmosis works. A B ................................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................ 1 . 2 photosynthesis, limiting factors, water transport & osmosis Describe how factors such as carbon dioxide concentration, temperature and light intensity affect the rate of photosynthesis. Plants lose water, into the air, by a process called A active transport B fertilisation C photosynthesis D transpiration An investigation was carried out to measure water loss from a plant, at four different temperatures. The calcium chloride absorbs the water lost by the plant. The table shows the results of this investigation. Describe how root hair cells are adapted to take up water from roots. mass of calcium chloride / g temperature / °C ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ..................................................................... Describe the functions of each cell type and explain how each cell type is adapted to performing their function. Explain how minerals are taken into the root hair cells. ................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................ ................................................................................................................................................ ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ...................................................................... ...................................................................... before after investigation investigation 15 90 100 25 90 115 35 90 122 45 90 117 The maximum mass of water lost from the plant in this investigation was: A 27 g B 32 g C 117 g D 122 g Describe the effect of temperature on water loss from this plant during the investigation. ................................................................................................................................................................. ................................................................................................................................................................ Suggest why the plastic bag was placed around the plant pot during this investigation. ................................................................................................................................................................ Explain how glucose production could be affected if this plant lost a lot of water. .................................................................................................................................................. .................................................................................................................................................. ..................................................................................................................................................