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National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! Analytical Instruments Microfluidic Devices – Complete in-‐house development / fabrica;on / test National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! GBF-‐OOI Workshop Goals (a) define overarching scien1fic objec1ves, (b) establish core measurement strategies/technologies and assess the logis1cal feasibility of biogeochemical observa1ons, and (c) explore ways to maximize synergy with the OOI in terms of u1liza1on of physical and virtual assets (cyberinfrastructure), to strengthen the overall OOI mission, and enhance the scien1fic and societal value of this major oceanographic research effort. *Core measurement strategies include SPACEBORNE / AIRBORNE / IN SITU National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! Ocean Remote Sensing Instrumenta;on NASA Spaceborne Observa1on – Earth Science Ocean Color: SeaWiFS / Aqua-‐MODIS / MERIS OrbiBng Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-‐2); Feb-‐2013 Microwave Radiometer on NOAA Jason-‐3 satellite; Jun-‐2013 Aquarius (launch 6/9/2011) Airborne Spectrometers – Earth Science Imaging Spectrometers: AVIRIS AVIRIS NextGen (Airborne Imaging Spectrometer; 7/2011) Portable Remote Imaging Spectrometer (PRISM; 6/2012) National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! *The ambi;ous goals of the GBF-‐OOI program requires new instrument technologies to thoroughly address ver;cal biogeochemical flux across the world’s ocean. *This session highlights emerging technologies that will be essen;al for GBF-‐OOI arrays. National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! GBF-‐OOI Technology Speakers National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! ~ Discussion Points ~ National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! JPL technology input for OOI (Current Ac;vi;es) 1) Autonomous Glider Naviga1on (JPL lead – Dave Thompson) 2) NEREUS AUV naviga1on / event detec1on (JPL leads – Max Coleman / Tara Estlin) 3) On board data analysis (AUV) – image recogni1on of “key features” 4) Deep-‐ESP development / tes1ng (JPL lead – Jason Feldman) *Con1nue to contribute to all of these collabora1ons with further emphasis on in situ instrument development. National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! 1) Autonomous Glider Naviga;on (OOI) ~ Automated planner (CASPER) used to create detailed execu;on plans for gliders – waypoints / ac;vity plan ~ National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! 2) NEREUS AUV Naviga;on / Event Detec;on • Explora1on of the Mid-‐Cayman Rise • JPL leads – Max Coleman / Tara Estlin • WHOI – PI Chris German et al. • Terrestrial analog for Europa SHSs • 2007 NASA ASTEP project: “Oases for Life and Pre-‐Bio;c Chemistry: Hydrothermal Explora;on using Advanced Underwater Robo;cs” National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! 3) On board data analysis (AUV) – image recogni1on of “key features” • Many applica1ons for AUVs • Technology derived from MER rovers • JPL lead = Tara Estlin • Mike Jakuba / James Kinsey / Dana Yoerger • 2007 NASA ASTEP project: Rocks automaBcally detected and classified for use on MER. “Autonomous Explora1on, Discovery, & Sampling of Life in Deep Sea Extreme Environments” Feature DetecBon Change DetecBon Volcanic erupBon Mars in situ Data Quality Control Cloudy Cloudy Clear National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! 4) Deep-‐ESP Development / Tes;ng • Development of Deep-‐ESP Ecogenomic sensor • JPL – Jason Feldman • Terrestrial analog for Europa SHSs • MBARI – PI Chris Scholin • 2007 NASA ASTEP project: “Explora;on of deep-‐sea seep hydrothermal vent microbial communi;es using the Environmental Sample Processor (ESP): Integra;on of geochemical sensing, autonomous sample acquisi;on and processing, and molecular analy;cal techniques.” National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! Spaceborne Observa1on – Earth Science (Div 38) Ocean Color: SeaWiFS / Aqua-‐MODIS / MERIS OrbiBng Carbon Observatory 2 (OCO-‐2); Feb-‐2013 Microwave Radiometer on NOAA Jason-‐3 satellite; Jun-‐2013 Aquarius (launch 6/9/2011) What resolu;on is necessary to keep models well fed? What spectral Coverage is necessary? How best to integrate? Future Mission HYSPIRI Hyperspectral National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! How can data gathered using airborne assets feed into modeling efforts? Are spaceborne assets sufficient with respect to temporal and spa;al resolu;on? Airborne Spectrometers – Earth Science Imaging Spectrometers: AVIRIS AVIRIS NextGen (Airborne Imaging Spectrometer; 7/2011) Portable Remote Imaging Spectrometer (PRISM; 6/2012) National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! • AVIRIS: Airborne Visible & InfraRed Imaging Spectrometer – Built in 1987 – remains gold standard for imaging spectrometers – Enables ScienBfic studies • Geology (mineralogy) • Ecosystem sciences (invasive species) • Disaster evaluaBon (GOM) • Agriculture (land cover/use) • $10M instrument cost • AVIRIS-‐ng: currently being built PRISM: Portable Remote Imaging Spectrometer – current project – Oceanographic focus on Coastal zone & coral reef science – Narrower spectral range compared to AVIRIS (300-‐900 nm) • Caltech/JPL Proprietary -‐14-‐ National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! Name JPL AVIRIS Platform Airborne Spectral Range Number of Bands Spectral Resolution Ground Sample Distance 360-2510nm 10 nm 2. 2-20 meters 20 cm Dispersion Grating 3. 34 degrees FrameRate 10 hz Build Time 36 Months Cost AVIRIS Hyperspectral Imager 1. World Trade Center (9/01) • Smoke/Debris Plume imaging and composiBon analysis 224 Telescope Diameter Swath AVIRIS for Earth Science $10M 4. Deepwater Horizon (4/10) • Oil slick monitoring • VegetaBon monitoring Oceanic Primary Produc1vity • Satellite esBmates used for Global picture Detec1on of Oceanic Harmful Algal Blooms (Ocean HABs) *Rapid deployment capabili8es of airborne instruments cri8cal for disaster response Caltech/JPL Proprietary -‐15-‐ National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! World Trade Center Response image “cube” (9/16/2001) Each pixel contains a full spectrum revealing plume composi;on Caltech/JPL Proprietary -‐16-‐ National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! ~ Spectroscopic Basis C-‐H Bond Absorp1ons ~ • • Deepwater Horizon Response I AVIRIS dataset used as primary flux indicator for Deepwater Horizon Images used by USGS/NASA to es1mate surface flux – lower bound Σflux Visible Composite Caltech/JPL Proprietary -‐17-‐ National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! • • Deepwater Horizon Response II AVIRIS dataset also used to image coastal vegeta1on Temporal data allows for es1mate of nega1ve effects of spill on coastal ecosystem Coastal Vegeta;on imaged by AVIRIS AVIRIS ER-‐2 Pre Oil Post Oil AVIRIS Oil Impacted Vegeta1on Spectra AVIRIS Vegeta1on Spectra Caltech/JPL Proprietary -‐18-‐ Species Map National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! • AVIRIS Ocean Studies AVIRIS data used to detect and monitor Harmful algal Blooms (HABs) & PP Caltech/JPL Proprietary -‐19-‐ National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! Results of NASA Earth Science Decadal Survey National Aeronautics and Space Administration! Jet Propulsion Laboratory! California Institute of Technology! FINAL GOAL FOR OOI DATA – DISSEMINATION OF MODEL RESULTS -‐ OOI framework (Rutgers / JPL) models closely previous work for SIRVIR (JSC) hgp://www.servir.net/ -‐ Natural disaster response/monitoring site (USAID collaboraBon) -‐ Middle America / Africa regional informaBon (daily) 2D/3D map viewer
