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Download Earth Science Test Study Guide: Vocabulary: Weathering – when
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EarthScienceTestStudyGuide: Vocabulary: Weathering–whenrocksbreakapart,wearaway,dissolve,orhavetheirmake-upchanged Sediment–rockparticlesthatformasaresultofweathering. Erosion–theprocessofthatmovessedimentfromplacetoplace. Deposition–thelayingdownofsedimentandrockinanewplace. SandDunes–alandformcausedwhenwinddepositssand. Glacier–aglacierisahugeareaofslowmovingice. Organisms–anylivingthing. Gravity–theforcethatpullsthingstowardthecenteroftheearth. Landslide–Rapidmovementofrock,soil,andothermaterialdownahillormountain. Hazard–Somethingthatisharmfulordangerous. Earthquake–TheshakingofthegroundcausedbythemovementofEarth’scrust. Volcano–FormedwhenmoltenrockdeepinsideEarthrisestothesurface. Tsunami–Seriesofoceanwavescausedbyanunderwaterearthquake,volcano,orlandslide. Fault–BreakintheEarth’ssurfacewherehugeslabsofrockcometogether. Liquefaction–thechangeofasolidareaofgroundintoaliquid-likesurface. Magma–meltedrockinsideEarth. Erupt–toreleasemeltedrock,ash,andgasesupthroughavolcanoontoEarth’ssurface. Lava–meltedrockthatflowsfromavolcanoontoEarth’ssurface. Seisometer–atoolthatmeasuresearthquakeactivity. Evacuate–tomovefromaplaceofdangertoasafeplace. Seismograph–adevicethatrecordsearthquakeactivity. Mid-OceanRidge–underwatermountainchainmadeupofthousandsofvolcanopeaks. DeepOceanTrench–asteepunderwatercanyon. SedimentaryRocks–rockformedfromsedimentfromtheweatheringanderosionofrockonEarth’ssurface. Fossil–atraceofaplantoranimalthatlivedlongago. Rift–anopeningwherepiecesofEarth’scrustarebeingpulledapart. Thisquarterwehavestudiedthefollowing4thgradeskillsandstandards: Studentswhodemonstrateunderstandingcan: 4-ESS1-1.Identifyevidencefrompatterns inrockformationsandfossilsinrocklayers tosupportanexplanationforchangesina landscapeovertime. 4-ESS2-1.Makeobservationsand/or measurementstoprovideevidenceof theeffectsofweatheringortherateof erosionbywater,ice,wind,orvegetation. 4-ESS3-2.Generateandcomparemultiple solutionstoreducetheimpactsofnatural Earthprocessesonhumans. ESS1.C:TheHistoryofPlanetEarth •Local,regional,andglobalpatternsofrock formationsrevealchangesovertimedue toearthforces,suchasearthquakes.The presenceandlocationofcertainfossiltypes indicatetheorderinwhichrocklayerswere formed.(4-ESS1-1) ESS2.A:EarthMaterialsandSystems •Rainfallhelpstoshapethelandandaffects thetypesoflivingthingsfoundinaregion. Water,ice,wind,livingorganisms,andgravity breakrocks,soils,andsedimentsintosmaller particlesandmovethemaround.(4-ESS2-1) ESS2.B:PlateTectonicsandLarge-Scale SystemInteractions •Thelocationsofmountainranges,deep oceantrenches,oceanfloorstructures, earthquakes,andvolcanoesoccurin patterns.Mostearthquakesandvolcanoes occurinbandsthatareoftenalongthe boundariesbetweencontinentsand oceans.Majormountainchainsforminside continentsorneartheiredges.Mapscan helplocatethedifferentlandandwater featuresareasofEarth.(4-ESS2-2) ESS2.E:Bio-geology •Livingthingsaffectthephysical characteristicsoftheirregions.(4-ESS2-1) ESS3.B:NaturalHazards •Avarietyofhazardsresultfromnatural processes(e.g.,earthquakes,tsunamis, volcaniceruptions).Humanscannot eliminatethehazardsbutcantakestepsto reducetheirimpacts.(4-ESS3-2)
