Download Vocabulary List #3

English 1
Unit: Greek Mythology/The Odyssey
Name __________________
Period _______
Semester 2—Quarter Three Vocabulary from The Odyssey
Homework for each of the following lists:
On a separate piece of paper, provide the following information for each word:
 The word;
 Its definition;
 Its part of speech;
 An antonym for the word; and
 A sentence (of at least eight words’ length) that uses the word properly.
The homework may be typed.
Homework is due on WEDNESDAY/THURSDAY
Quiz on FRIDAY
Vocabulary List #1
Words with Origins in Classical Mythology
1.
adonis
n.
a very handsome young man
(Greek origin---a handsome young man whose scandalous mother was turned into the
myrrh tree)
2.
aegis
n.
a shield or breastplate; guidance
(Greek origin---the shield of Zeus)
3.
amazon
n.
a tall, strong, rather masculine woman
(Greek origin---the Amazons were tall, strong women who ruled their own island)
4.
capitol
n.
a building in which the state legislature meets
(Latin origin—the Capitoleum was the temple of Jupiter in Rome on the Capiltoline hill)
5.
east
n.
direction in which the sun rises
(Greek origin---from Eos, the Greek goddess of the dawn)
6.
elysian
adj.
blissful; delightful
(Greek origin---Elysion was the home of the blessed in the afterlife)
7.
fauna
n.
animals
(Latin origin---from Fauna, sister of Faunus, the Roman god of animals)
8.
flora
n.
plant or bacterial life
(Latin origin---from Flora, Roman goddess of flowers)
9.
helium
n.
a light, colorless, gaseous element
(Greek origin---from Helios, the Greek god of the sun)
10.
hygiene
n.
conditions or practices that help maintain good health
(Greek origin---from Hygeia, the Greek goddess of health)
Vocabulary List #2
Words with Origins in Classical Mythology
1.
iris
n.
a rainbow; the colored portion of the eye
(Greek origin---from Iris, the goddess of the rainbow and a messenger of the gods)
2.
jovial
adj.
very good-humored
(Latin origin---describing the good nature or Jupiter (aka Jove), the leader of the gods)
3.
martial
adj.
warlike; inclined to fight
(Roman origin---from Mars, the Roman god of war)
4.
mnemonic
adj.
helpful in memorization
(Greek origin—from Mnemosyne, the Greek goddess of memory)
5.
muse
n.
a source of inspiration for art; a poet
(Greek origin---from Muses, the nine sister goddesses in Greek mythology who preside
over song and poetry and the arts and sciences)
6.
music
n.
the science or art of producing rhythm, melody, or harmony
(Greek origin---from Muses)
7.
nemesis
n.
one who inflicts vengeance; an intimidating opponent
(Greek origin---from Nemesis, the Greek goddess of vengeful justice)
8.
ocean
n.
the body of salt water that covers ¾ of the world’s surface
(Greek origin---from Okeanos, a Titan who rules over the river that encircles the earth
in Greek mythology)
9.
morphine
n.
an addictive narcotic used to relieve pain and induce sleep
(Greek origin---from Morpheus, the Greek god of dreams)
10.
narcissism
n.
self-absorption; egotism
(Greek origin---from Narcissus, a very attractive young man in Greek mythology who
pines away for love of his own reflection and is turned into the narcissus flower)
Vocabulary List #3
Words with Origins in Classical Mythology
1.
pander
v.
to provide the means to satisfy others’ desires
(Latin origin---from Pandarus, the archer in the Trojan War who assists the warrior
Troilus in obtaining the love of the maiden Cressida)
2.
phoenix
n.
a person who never seems to age; a person who experiences
renewal after suffering from a calamity
(Greek origin---from Phoenix, a mythical bird of great beauty—and the only one of its
kind-- who would burn itself every 500-600 years and then rise from its own ashes)
3.
plutonian
adj.
relating to the afterlife or the underworld
(Latin origin---from Pluto, the Greek god of the underworld)
4.
python
n.
any of various large, constricting snakes
(Greek origin---from Python, the monstrous serpent killed by Apollo)
5.
salutary
adj.
promoting health; producing a beneficial effect
(Latin origin---from Salus, the Roman goddess of health)
6.
somnambulate
v.
to sleepwalk
(Latin origin---from Somnus, the Roman god of sleep)
7.
8.
9.
10.
tempest
n.
a violent storm or disturbance
(Latin origin---from Tempestates, the Roman goddesses of the storm)
titanic
adj.
having great power, magnitude or force; colossal
(Greek origin---from Titans, any of a family of giants born of Uranus and Gaea)
trivia
n.
unimportant or inconsequential information
(Latin origin---from Trivia (aka Hecate) the Roman goddess of the crossroads)
volcano
n.
a mountain or hill through which ash and lava are expelled
(Latin origin---from Vulcan, the Roman god of fire and metalworking)
Vocabulary List #4
Words with Origins in Classical Mythology
1.
zealous
adj.
fervently enthusiastic
(Greek origin---from Zelos, the Greek god of enthusiasm and admiration)
2.
arachnid
n.
any of a class of arthopods including spiders and scorpions
(Greek origin---from Arachne, the Greek maiden who was turned into a spider after
defeating Athena in a weaving contest)
3.
aurora
n.
dawn
(Latin origin---from Aurora, the Roman goddess of the dawn)
4.
cereal
n.
a prepared food made of grain
(Latin origin---from Ceres, the Roman goddess of agriculture)
5.
cygnet
n.
a young swan
(Latin origin---from Cygnus, a mythological Roman king who was turned into a swan)
6.
echo
n.
the repetition of sound caused by a reflection of sound waves
(Greek origin---from Echo, a Greek nymph whose love for Narcissus is not returned, and
who wastes away until only her voice remains)
7.
harpy
n.
a predatory person; a leech; a shrewish woman
(Greek origin---from Harpyia, a foul creature who is part woman and part bird)
8.
herculean
adj.
of extraordinary power, intensity, or difficulty
(Greek origin---from Herakles, the mythical Greek hero known for his great strength and
for performing the 12 labors imposed on him by Hera)
9.
hypnosis
n.
an artificially induced condition resembling sleep
(Greek origin---from Hypnos, the Greek god of sleep)
10.
mercurial
adj.
having rapid and unpredictable changes in mood
(Latin origin---from Mercury, the sneaky and unpredictable Roman messenger god)
Vocabulary List #5
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
ogre
n.
a monster that feeds on human beings; a dreaded person
(Latin origin---from Orcus, a Roman god of the underworld)
phaeton
n.
a touring car; a light, four-wheeled horse-drawn carriage
(Greek origin---from Phaethon, the son of Helios, who drives his father’s sun-chariot
recklessly through the sky and is struck down by Zeus’s thunderbolt)
promethean
adj.
daringly original or creative
(Greek origin---from Prometheus, the Greek Titan who stole fire from the gods and gave
it to mankind)
psyche
n.
soul; self; mind
(Greek origin---from Psyche, the Greek princess loved by Eros)
saturnine
adj.
gloomy; surly
(Latin origin---from Saturn, the grumpy Roman Titan who was overthrown by his son,
Jupiter)
siren
n.
a temptress; a woman with a beautiful voice; a warning sound
(Greek origin---from the Sirens, Greek sea nymphs, part woman and part bird, who would
lure sailors to their destruction by their seductive singing)
stamina
n.
endurance; staying power
(Latin origin---from stamen, the thread of life spun by the Three Fates)
tantalize
v.
to tease or torment with an object held just out of reach
(Latin origin---from Tantalus, the Phrygian king who, for his crimes, was condemned to
stay in Tartarus, standing in chin-high water just beneath fruit trees. When he tried to
drink the water, it would recede; when he tried to eat the fruit, it would rise out of
reach.)
west
n.
the direction in which the sun sets
(Greek origin---from Hesperos, the Greek god of the evening star)
zephyr
n.
a breeze from the west
(Greek origin---from Zephyros, the Greek god of the west wind)
Words from The Odyssey—Book
1.
formidable
adj.
2.
guile
n.
3.
indifferent
adj.
4.
entreat
v.
5.
avenge
v.
6.
whim
n.
7.
appalled
adj.
8.
ponderous
adj.
9.
adversary
n.
10.
disdain
v.
Vocabulary List #6
9
inspiring admiration, awe, or fear
skillful slyness, craftiness
having no interest in or concern for
to beg
to take revenge on behalf of
a sudden impulse or idea
horrified
heavy in a clumsy way; bulky
an opponent or enemy
to reject scornfully
Words from The Odyssey—Book
1.
beguiling
adj.
2.
stealth
n.
3.
snare
n.
4.
vile
adj.
5.
succumb
v.
6.
contender
n.
7.
enticing
adj.
8.
disconsolate
adj.
9.
chide
v.
10.
regaled
v.
Vocabulary List #7
10
charming; pleasing
secrecy; sneaky behavior
a trap
evil; disgusting
to surrender
a fighter; one who might win
luring; tempting
extremely sad or depressed
to scold mildly
entertained or amused
Words from The Odyssey—Book 12
1.
abominably
adv.
2.
anguish
n.
3.
chaos
n.
4.
dire
adj.
5.
dwindle
v.
6.
lurk
v.
7.
peril
n.
8.
questing
adj.
9.
scourge
n.
10.
travail
n.
Vocabulary List #8
in a hateful way; horribly
agony
great disorder or confusion
dreadful; terrible
to lessen or diminish
to lie hidden; ready to ambush
danger; risk
exploring
a cause of great suffering
painful effort
Vocabulary List #9
Words from The Odyssey—Books 21-23
1.
commandeer
v.
to take control of by force
2.
justification
n.
an explanation for an action
3.
plunder
v.
to steal from or rob by force
4.
gall
n.
extreme nerve
5.
frenzy
n.
wildly excited state of mind
6.
omen
n.
a foretelling sign
7.
throng
n.
a large gathering
8.
restitution
n.
repayment
9.
aloof
adj.
distant; remote
10.
desolation
n.
lonely grief; misery