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Unit VIII Flashcards Chapters 15 and 16 #1 Review Bleeding Kansas Violence between pro and antislavery forces in Kansas Territory after the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act in 1854. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #2 Compromise of 1850 Review The four-step compromise that admitted California as a free state, allowed the residents of the New Mexico and Utah territories to decide the slavery issue for themselves, ended the slave trade in the District of Columbia, and passed a new fugitive slave law to enforce the constitutional provision stating that a slave escaping into a free state shall be delivered back to the owner. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #3 Confederate States of America Review Nation proclaimed in Montgomery, Alabama, in February 1861, after the seven states of the Lower South seceded from the United States. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #4 Constitutional Union Party Review National party formed in 1860, mainly by former Whigs, that emphasized allegiance to the Union and strict enforcement of all national legislation. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #5 Review Copperheads A term Republicans applied to Northern war dissenters and those suspected of aiding the Confederate cause during the Civil War. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #6 Review Dred Scott decision Supreme Court ruling, in a lawsuit brought by Dred Scott, a slave demanding his freedom based on his residence in a free state, that slaves could not be U.S. citizens and that Congress had no jurisdiction over slavery in the territories. MARK FOR SHOW NEXT REVIEW #7 Emancipation Proclamation Review Decree announced by President Abraham Lincoln in September 1862 and formally issued on January 1, 1863, freeing slaves in all Confederate states still in rebellion. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #8 Review Fugitive Slave Law Part of the Compromise of 1850 that required the authorities in the North to assist Southern slave catchers and return runaway slaves to their owners. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #9 Review Homestead Act Law passed by Congress in May 1862 providing homesteads with 160 acres of free land in exchange for improving the land within five years of the grant. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #10 Kansas-Nebraska Act Review Law passed in 1854 creating the Kansas and Nebraska Territories but leaving the question of slavery open to residents, thereby repealing the Missouri Compromise. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #11 Review Know-Nothings Name given to the antiimmigrant party formed from the wreckage of the Whig Party and some disaffected Northern Democrats in 1854. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #12 Lecompton constitution Review Proslavery draft written in 1857 by Kansas territorial delegates elected under questionable circumstances; it was rejected by two governors, supported by President Buchanan, and decisively defeated by Congress. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #13 Review Legal Tender Act Act creating a national currency in February 1862. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #14 Lincoln-Douglas debates Review Series of debates in the 1858 Illinois senatorial campaign during which Douglas and Lincoln staked out their differing opinions on the issue of slavery. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #15 Morrill Land Grant Act Review Law passed by Congress in July 1862 awarding proceeds from the sale of public lands to the states for the establishment of agricultural and mechanical colleges. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #16 Review Morrill Tariff Act Act that raised tariffs to more than double their prewar rate. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #17 Review National Bank Act Act prohibiting state banks from issuing their own notes and forcing them to apply for federal charters. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #18 Review Panic of 1857 Banking crisis that caused a credit crunch in the North; it was less severe in the South, where high cotton prices spurred a quick recovery. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #19 Peninsular campaign Review Union offensive led by McClellan with the objective of capturing Richmond. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #20 Review Popular sovereignty A solution to the slave crises suggested by Michigan senator Lewis Cass by which territorial residents, not congress, would decide slavery's fate. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #21 Review Republican Party Party that emerged in the 1850s in the aftermath of the bitter controversy over the Kansas-Nebraska Act, consisting of former Whigs, some Northern Democrats, and many Know-Nothings. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW #22 Review th 13 Amendment Constitutional amendment ratified in 1865 that freed all slaves throughout the United States. SHOW NEXT MARK FOR REVIEW Reference Faragher, J. M., Buhle, M. J., Czitrom, D., & Armitage, S. H. (2009). Out of many: A history of the American people, Vol. I (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall. END REVIEW