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Chemical Reactions Matter The Periodic Table Hodge Podge 5 Letter Words 100 100 100 100 100 200 200 200 200 200 300 300 300 300 300 400 400 400 400 400 500 500 500 500 500 1. The rate of change of velocity is known as _______________ ____________. Acceleration is the rate of change of velocity 2. Forces on an object that are equal in size and opposite in direction are called ________ forces. Balanced forces are equal in size and opposite in direction 3. Newton’s Second Law states that the greater the _______________ of an object the greater the amount of force needed to accelerate the object. The greater the mass, the greater the force needed to move the object 4. The attractive force between two objects that depends on the masses of the objects and the distance between them is ______________ . Gravity is the attractive force between two objects 5. ________________ is the gravitational force exerted on an object’s mass. Weight is the gravitational force exerted on an object’s mass 6. Mechanical energy is the total amount of __________ in a system. Kinetic energy + potential energy = Mechanical Energy 7. The ability to cause change is ____________ . Energy is the power to cause change 8. The energy a moving object has because of its motion is _________________ Kinetic energy is energy in motion 9. In order for work to be done a force must ________________ . Force is needed to make something move 10. ________________ is the rate at which work is done. Power is the rate at which something is done 11. When a machine is used to do work, the force that is applied to the machine is the ________ . Input force = the work the person does 12. This type of machine does work with only one movement of the machine . SIMPLE MACHINES HAVE ONLY ONE MOVEMENT 13._______________ is the transfer of thermal energy in a fluid by the movement of warmer and cooler fluid from place to place. Convection is the transfer of THERMAL energy in a fluid 14. A material in which heat flows slowly is a(n)_______________. Heat flows slowly in an insulator 15.What kind of machine is this Screw 16. Calculate the net force shown in the vector diagram below. 10 N + 5N = 5N 17. If all the atoms in a substance have the same identity, that substance is a(n) _______ Elements have the same identity 18. A _________________ is a substance in which the atoms of two or more elements are combined in a fixed proportion. When two or more elements combined it is called a compound 19. The scattering of light by colloidal particles is call the _________________ Tyndall effect is the scattering of light by colloidal particles 20. A ____________________ is a heterogeneous mixture containing a liquid in which visible particles settle. Suspension is a heterogeneous mixture in which particles settle 21. Any characteristic of a material that you can observe without changing the identity of the substances that make up the material is a _________________ Physical properties can be observed and do not change the identity of the substance 22. The law of conservation of mass states The mass of all substances that are present before a chemical change = the mass of all substances after the change 23. ____________ is the average kinetic energy of the particles of a substance Temperature is the average kinetic energy of the particle in a substance 24. _____________ is the ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an object immersed in it. Buoyancy exerts an UPWARD force on an immersed object 25. The resistance to flow by a fluid is ___________________ Viscosity is the resistance to flow by a fliud 26. A(n) __________ is the smallest piece of matter that still retains the property of the element. An Atom is the smallest piece of matter 27. The small positively charge center of the atom is the _______________ The nucleus is positively charged 28. The atomic number of an element is equal to the number of ______________ # of protons = atomic number 29. Atoms of the same element that have different numbers of neutrons are called_________ Isotopes have a different number of neutrons for the same element 30. The horizontal rows of elements on the periodic table are called ___________ Periods are horizontal rows on the periodic table 31. The numbers of electrons in the first three energy levels around an atom are: 2,8,18 32. Metals are Metals are shiny, ductile, malleable and good conductors of heat and electricity 33. ___________ are different forms of the same element having different molecular make-ups Allotropes are different forms of the same element 34. A(n)____________is the attraction that forms between atoms when they share electrons. The neutral particle that is formed as a result of electron sharing is called a molecule. Covalent bonds occur when atoms SHARE electrons 35. Balance the following equation: __S8 + __O2 __ SO3 1 S88 + 12O2 8SO3 36. A _____________ has a slightly positive end and a slightly negative end although the overall molecule is neutral. Example: water. Polar Molecules have a positive end and a negative end but are overall neutral atoms 38. Properties of Acids Acids taste sour, are corrosive, and have a pH below 7 39. Max is running in a race in Texas. He has a mass of 40g. The race is 10 km long. He is moving at a speed of 2m/s. What is Max’s kinetic energy? KE= mv2 2 ½(40)10 = 80J 40. In solution, bases react with indicators to produce changes in color. The indicator litmus turns blue in bases. A student is testing the pH of several liquids. His results are shown in the data table below. Substance A B C Indicator color Blue Blue A According to the data in the data table and the information in the reading, which of the following substances had a basic pH? A base will change the color of the pH paper blue both A&B are blue 41. Which elements are in period 3? 42. What is the atomic number of lead? 42. What is the atomic number of lead?