Download Development

Intro to Ecological Economics-human dev
Growth=increase in throughput-quantitative
Growth
Development
Development=qualitative improvement
Intro to Ecological Economics-population
Demographic transition Theory
Growth
Development
Intro to Ecological Economics-population
Intro to Ecological Economics-forest succession
Growth
Development
Reorganization Aggredation Transition Steady-state (mature)
We hear:
“There is no conflict between economic
growth and environmental protection!”
World GDP and CO2
$100,000
$10,000
$1,000
$100
$10
1
0
0
0
$1
60 Million yrs
of CO2
CLIMATE DAMAGE
CLIMATE DAMAGE
ESA Listings and GDP
1400
$10
1200
$9
1000
$8
800
$7
600
$6
400
$5
R2 = 98.4
200
0
1973
$4
$3
1980
1990
2001
Source: The Wildlife Society Technical Review 2003-1.
Endangerment Causes
Urbanization
Agriculture
Water diversions (e.g., reservoirs)
Recreation, tourism development
Pollution
Domestic livestock, ranching
247
205
160
148
143
136
Czech et al. 2000. Bioscience 50(7):593-601.
Causes (cont.)
Mineral, gas, oil extraction
Non-native species
Harvest
Modified fire regimes
Road construction/maintenance
Industrial development
134
115
101
83
83
81
Czech et al. 2000. Bioscience 50(7):593-601.
GNP
K
Natural capital
allocated to
wildlife
Natural capital
allocated to
human economy
Time
Czech, B. 2000. Economic growth as the limiting factor for wildlife
conservation. Wildlife Society Bulletin 28(1):4-14.
Natural Capital
“We treat the earth like a business
in liquidation.”
Herman Daly
Opportunity cost. Loss is not counted.
(OVERSHOOT)
Economic Carrying Capacity
(“Plimsoll line”)
K
K-selection
r-selection
Time
K and r-selected Economies
SCALE-Full World or Empty World?
Source:
Ecological
Economics
Principles &
Applications,
Farley and
Daly
We Might Ask
GGP
K
Economy of
nature
Human
economy
Natural Capital Allocation Revisited
GNP
X natural capital allocable
Natural capital
allocated
to non-human
economy
KU
KT
Natural capital allocated
to human economy
Time
Intro to Ecological Economics
Entropy=disorder, randomness
2nd Law: entropy always increases
(waste)
ECONOMY
LOW ENTROPY
(dissipated)
HIGH ENTROPY
Intro to Ecological Economics
WHAT IS ANTI-ENTROPIC?
(waste)
ECONOMY
LOW ENTROPY
HIGH ENTROPY
Distribution-Grow out of poverty?
Poverty rate vs. GDP per Capita (1996$)
$35,000
20%
18%
$30,000
16%
$25,000
14%
$20,000
12%
$15,000
10%
poverty rate
01
2
0
99
1
9
97
1
9
95
1
9
93
1
9
91
1
9
89
1
9
87
9
85
1
9
83
per capita GDP (1996$)
1
1
9
81
1
9
79
1
9
77
1
9
75
1
9
73
1
9
71
1
9
69
9
67
1
9
65
1
9
63
1
9
1
9
1
9
1
61
8%
59
$10,000
ALLOCATION
Adam Smith