Download Anatomy of the Ear

ANATOMY OF THE EAR
Chas, Tate, Rebekah, Rachel W.,
and Rachel B.
ANATOMY OF THE EAR
https://www.pinterest.com/explore/ear-anatomy/
OUTER EAR
PINNA- made of cartilage and skin, directs sound waves from outside into external
auditory canal
Ear lobes are also included in the outer ear and can be attached or not.
 Attached is considered dominant.
MIDDLE EAR
Made of three tiny bones
MALLEUS- transmits the motion of vibrations to the incus
INCUS- transmits the sound vibrations to the stapes
-Malleus and Incus are tightly bound together and move in unison
STAPES- amplifies and transforms the sound energy into mechanical energy
EUSTACHIAN TUBE- connects the middle ear to the back of the nose and throat.
Opens up when swallowing to allow air to the middle ear to keep air pressure the
same on both sides of the tympanic membrane.
http://www.carolinaear.com/patient_resources/patient_education.shtml
EUSTACHIAN TUBE
Connects the middle ear cavity with the nasopharynx.
Normal opening of the Eustachian tube equalizes atmospheric pressure in the
middle ear, closing protects the middle ear from unwanted pressure fluctuations and
loud sounds.
When traveling from different altitudes, your ears pop to maintain the same
pressure balance in both ears.
INNER EAR (B0NY LABYRINTH)
COCHLEA- snail shaped, involved in hearing; filled with fluid and contains the organ,
corti
 Corti-structure containing thousands of specialized sensory hair cells with projections called cilia)
VESTIBULAR SYSTEM- consists of semicircular canals, saccule, and utricle. Maintains
balance and a sense of position.
 Semicircular canals contain fluid and hair cells that detect movement; utricle and saccule allow a
person to sense their body’s position relative to gravity and make adjustments to posture as required.
 Saccule- bed of sensory cells situated in the inner ear
 Utricle- one of the two otolith organs located in the vertebrate inner ear, help with balance,
orientation, and sound detection.
EAR ANATOMY
SOUND VIBRATIONS
http://www.sciponline.co.uk/under_ho
w_the_ear_works.asp
Sound waves travel into the ear canal until
they reach the eardrum. The eardrum passes
the vibrations through the middle ear bones
or the ossicles into the inner ear. The inner
ear is shaped like a snail and is also called
the cochlea. Inside the cochlea, there are
thousands of tiny hair cells. Hair cells change
the vibrations into electrical signals that are
sent to the brain through the hearing nerve.
The brain tells you that you are hearing a
sound and what that sound is.
FLUID
http://www.hear-it.org/The-inner-ear-1
The vestibular consists of three ring-shaped passages, oriented in three different
planes. All three passages are filled with fluid that moves in accordance with the
body's movements. In addition to the fluid, these passages also contain thousands of
hair fibres which react to the movement of the fluid sending little impulses to the
brain. The brain then decodes these impulses which are used to help the body keep
its balance.
DEMONSTRATION
http://www.beltone.com/online-hearing-test.aspx
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Tewfik, T. L. (2015, February 27). Eustachian Tube Function. Retrieved April 12, 2016,
from http://emedicine.medscape.com/article/874348-overview
Ears and Altitude. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2016, from
http://www.entnet.org/content/ears-and-altitude
Hearing, Structures, And Functions Of The Ear. (n.d.). Retrieved April 12, 2016, from
ilearn.careerforce.org.nz
Ears and Altitude. (n.d.). Retrieved April 13, 2016, from
http://www.pehni.com/patient_ed/ears_altitude.htm
How Do We Hear? (n.d.). Retrieved April 13, 2016, from
http://www.dangerousdecibels.org/virtualexhibit/2howdowehear.html