Download Ch. 3 Sec 3 Asia

China Reunified
The Sui, Tang, and Song dynasties
restored peace to China in between
periods of chaos, civil war, and
disorder.
Section 3
China Reunified
Sui Dynasty
− Grief dynasty known for unifying China
under one emperor
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China Reunified (cont.)
• Tang Dynasty
− tried to create a stable economy by giving
land to peasants
− restored civil service exams for
government positions
− brought peace to northwestern China and
extended its borders to include Tibet
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China Reunified (cont.)
• Song Dynasty
− ruled during a period of economic prosperity and
cultural achievement
− moved the capital to Hangzhou
− returned to Confucianism ideals
− was eventually overthrown by Mongols
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China Reunified (cont.)
• The Chinese economy grew in the period
from the Sui dynasty to the Song dynasty as
agriculture, manufacturing, and trade
flourished.
• Technological advances led to development of
steel and gunpowder, and the Silk Road was
renewed as a major trade route.
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Sui Dynasty is also know as the ___________
dynasty.
What is the civil service? Why Exams?
Who was overthrown by Mongols?
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China Reunified (cont.)
• The Mongols were a pastoral people from
present-day Mongolia.
• In 1206 Genghis Khan was elected the ruler
of the Mongols. He conquered surrounding
areas, creating the largest land empire in
history.
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China Reunified (cont.)
• Kublai Khan, the grandson of Genghis Khan,
conquered the Song rulers and established
the Yuan dynasty in China.
• Kublai Khan established his capital at
Khanbalik, in what is now Beijing.
• The Mongols were successful rulers and
won the support of many Chinese people.
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China Reunified (cont.)
• Painting was an important art form during
imperial China. Influenced by Daoism,
landscape painting reached its height.
• The golden age of Chinese literature
occurred during the Tang and Ming
dynasties. The invention of the printing press
helped to make literature more available.
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• Who was Kublai Khan?
• What was the golden age of literature?
• What is the picture on the right? Why is it
significant?
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Emergence of Japan
Early Japan was unified by emperors
and then military leaders.
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Emergence of Japan (cont.)
• Prince Shōtoku Taishi tried to unify the clans
of Japan. He emulated the Chinese system
of government and established centralized
power.
• After Shōtoku Taishi’s death, power fell
into the hands of the Fujiwara clan.
• A new capital was established at Nara
and the emperor began to call himself
the “Son of Heaven.”
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Emergence of Japan (cont.)
• The aristocrats were able to retain their
power and the national government lost
influence.
• In 794 the capital was moved
again to Heian-kyo, present-day
Kyōto.
• The government had little
centralized power, so the
aristocratic families sought the
protection of samurai.
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Emergence of Japan (cont.)
• The samurai lived by a warrior code known
as Bushido, “the way of the warrior.”
• Aristocratic Japanese families were
constantly warring with each other until
Minamoto Yoritomo defeated several rivals
and set up a centralized government under
the control of a shogun.
• The shogunate system worked well until the
invasion of the Mongols.
Section 3
• The Japanese under Taishi tried to adopt a
system similar to the _________?
• Japanese warriors followed the __________
code?
• Warring stopped after the unification under the
__________?
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Emergence of Japan (cont.)
• The power of the local aristocrats—the
daimyo— increased, and central authority
disappeared.
• Farming provided the basis of the economy
in early Japan.
• During the Kamakura period, trade and
manufacturing developed as Japan began
exporting raw materials, paintings, and
swords.
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Emergence of Japan (cont.)
• Japanese religion was centered
on the worship of spirits and
became known as Shinto.
Other Japanese people
practiced Buddhism.
• In Japanese art and
architecture, landscapes were
the most important means of
expressions.
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India After the Guptas
Muslim conquerors took control of
most of the Indian subcontinent.
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India After the Guptas (cont.)
• After the Gupta Empire collapsed, no central
authority replaced it, and India was divided into
a great number of warring states.
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Chat No fixed Questions
India After the Guptas (cont.)
• In the tenth century, rebellious Turkish slaves
founded the Islamic state of Ghazna.
• In 997 Mahmūd of Ghazna began attacking
Hindu kingdoms to the southeast.
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India After the Guptas (cont.)
• Mahmūd’s forces defeated the Rajputs and
extended Muslim power to India, creating a a
sultanate of Delhi.
• Muslim rulers in India maintained strict
separation of Muslims and Hindus.
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India After the Guptas (cont.)
• Muslim rulers soon realized that there were too
many Hindus to convert them all to Islam.
• They accepted the need to tolerate religious
differences, although they still imposed Islamic
customs on the Hindu society.
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India After the Guptas (cont.)
• As the sultanate of Delhi declined, India was
invaded by Timur Lenk, a ruthless Mongol
ruler. He massacred as many as 100,000
Hindu prisoners at the gates of the city.
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India After the Guptas (cont.)
• Timur Lenk’s death in 1405 rid India and
Asia of a tyrannical ruler, but peace did not
last long. The Moguls and Portuguese
sought to gain influence in the region.
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