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January 2003
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Hospital Isolation Equipment
Medical Systems
36.0-1
Hospital Isolation
Equipment
Ref. No. 1313
Contents
Description
Page
Hospital Isolation Equipment
General Description of Product Family . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.0-2
Advantages of Isolated Power Systems (IPS) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.0-3
Isolated Power Panels (Type IPP) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.0-6
Isolated Power Centers (Type IPC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.0-7
X-Ray and Laser Power Centers (Types XPC and LPC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.0-8
Surgical Facility Centers (Type SFC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.0-9
Line Isolation Monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36.0-10
Specifications
For complete product specifications in CSI format see
Eaton’s Cutler-Hammer Product Specification Guide. . . . . . . . . . . . . Section 16473
36
Line Isolation Monitors
CA08104001E
For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com
PIN 0951700
36.0-2 Hospital Isolation Equipment
Medical Systems
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January 2003
Ref. No. 1314
General Description
Medical Systems
Surgical Facility Centers
G
Eaton’s Cutler-Hammer business, the
leader in electrical distribution products, has teamed with Isotrol Systems,
a division of Bender, to offer a complete line of electrical products for use
in the healthcare industry. All products
meet or exceed ULT, CSAT and NFPA
standards. The entire product family
integrates the use of isolated power
supplies, continuous monitoring for
hazardous conditions, and testing
of circuit conditions with maximum
selectivity of tripping overcurrent
devices when hazards develop, and
highest patient and operator safety.
Isolated Power Systems are typically
used in the emergency electrical distribution circuits associated with Life
Safety and Critical Care areas within a
health care facility. See Figure 36.0-1
for details. For further details reference
the IEEE White Book — Recommended
Practice for Electrical Systems in
Health Care Facilities — ANSI/IEEE
Standard 602.
A brief description of select IPS products and their purpose follows.
Isolated Power Panels and Power Centers
Type IPP Isolated Power Panels are
designed to provide isolated power
to electrical circuits installed in
operating rooms and other electrically
susceptible patient care areas. Each
IPP includes a single- or 3-phase
transformer, a Line Isolation Monitor
(LIM), a reference ground bus, a
primary circuit breaker, and a number
of branch circuit breakers all in a
#14 gauge galvanized steel box with
#14 gauge stainless steel (#304) cover
with a brushed finish. Single-phase
applications are available from
3 – 25 kVA, and 3-phase applications
are available from 10 – 25 kVA. For
more IPP details see Page 36.0-6.
36
From Normal Distribution
Description
Critical
Branch
Emergency
System
Life Safety
Branch
Distribution
Panelboard
Isolated
Power
Panel
Emergency
System
Receptacles
•Color or marking
•Panelboard + Circuit #
•Hospital Grade (green dot)
Critical
Care Area
Figure 36.0-1. Health Care Facility —
Simplified Power Distribution Arrangement
Type IPC Isolated Power Centers are
identical to the IPP product with the
addition of an eight gang section for
Hospital Grade power receptacles and
ground jacks. For more IPC details see
Page 36.0-7.
The LIM integral to each IPP or IPC
displays the incremental changes in
ground leakage current as additional
medical apparatus is plugged into the
receptacles and displays the total
system leakage current that will flow
through a solidly grounded person
who comes in contact with an energized phase conductor either directly
or through an insulation failure.
X-Ray and Laser Isolated Power Centers
Types XPC and LPC X-Ray and Laser
Isolated Power Centers are designed
to provide isolated power to x-ray
and laser receptacles within operating
rooms and other electrically susceptible areas. Each XPC and LPC includes
a single- or 3-phase transformer, a Line
Isolation Monitor (LIM), a reference
ground bus, a main breaker, branch
breakers, contactors, selector station
with pushbuttons and LED indicating
lights, and a Programmable Logic
Controller (PLC) all contained within
a #14 gauge box and stainless steel
(#304) cover. For more details on the
XPC and LPC product, see Page 36.0-8.
For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com
Type SFC Surgical Facility Centers are
designed to provide isolated power
to electrical circuits installed within
operating rooms and other electrically
susceptible patient care areas. Each
SFC includes a single-phase transformer, a Line Isolation Monitor (LIM),
a reference ground bus, a primary
breaker, up to 16 branch breakers,
up to eight Hospital Grade power
receptacles, up to eight Hospital Grade
ground jacks, a two-section X-Ray
Viewer, a clock and elapsed timer, and
an AM/FM stereo system with cassette
and/or CD player. All equipment is
mounted in a #12 gauge galvanized
steel box with #12 gauge stainless
steel (#304) brushed cover on the SFC
product, see Page 36.0-9.
Line Isolation Monitors
Type LIM Line Isolation Monitors are
available for single-phase or 3-phase
applications, 50 or 60 Hz, 24, 100, 110,
120, 200, 208, 220, 230, 240 and 277V
AC system voltages. Two separate
ground connections are provided for
added safety when the LIM is wired
into an Isolated Power System (IPP,
IPC, XPC, LPC or SFC).
The LIM measures and displays the
total hazard current (leakage current)
for all medical equipment connected
to the branch circuit wiring on an
analog or digital panel meter. A
visual and audible alarm occurs
when the hazard current exceeds 2 or
5 milliamperes. The audible alarm may
be muted, however the visual alarm
remains on for the duration of the high
total hazard current.
A test switch can be activated to verify
that the LIM is operating properly. The
LIM has provisions for connecting one
or more remote stations installed close
to patient care areas. For more information on the LIM see Page 36.0-10.
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Hospital Isolation Equipment
Medical Systems
36.0-3
Ref. No. 1315
Application Information — IPS
Advantages of Isolated
Power Systems (IPS)
Isolated Power Systems (IPS) were
first introduced into the hospital environment as a means of reducing the
risk of explosions in operating rooms
and other areas containing or using
flammable anesthetizing agents. The
IPS functions by “floating” the secondary power lines so that ground faults,
the primary source of equipment
failure, can be recognized at an early
stage, in a condition where they do not
present first fault personal shock or
incendiary hazards.
IPS systems offer additional
advantages to system security and
operational safety for both operators
and patients. The isolated power
system is recognized as the safest
possible system and does provide
an additional layer of safety to both
patient and operator alike.
Today, hospitals no longer use
flammable anesthetizing agents, and
the use of isolated power is currently
recommended only for use in “wet
locations” where the loss of equipment power cannot be tolerated.
Reference to these facts may be found
in the Health Care Facilities Handbook
(Second Edition), and on page 214,
Chapter 6, of the IEEE Recommended
Practice for Electric Systems in Health
Care Facilities (The IEEE white book)
ANSI/IEEE Standard 602-1986.
The following discussion explains the
advantages that IPS systems offer over
conventional grounded systems and the
Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI).
The Grounded System
Figure 36.0-2 shows a conventional
grounded system. The neutral of the
transformer is bonded to ground.
In Figure 36.0-3, we assume that a
person has a body resistance of
1000 ohms.
If the 1000-ohm body touches the line
L, a current of 120 mA could flow from
the line conductor, through the 1000ohm person, and return to the system
via the low impedance neutral-ground
connection. This 120 mA could prove
dangerous to such a 1000-ohm person.
Table 36.0-1. Comparison of Voltage Across
and Current Flowing Through a Person
L
N
120V
208V
1000Ω
120V
G
0V
Figure 36.0-2. Conventional Grounded System
has One Side of Power Line Connected to
Ground. If the 1000-ohm Person Touches the
Line (L), he will have 120 mA of Current
Flowing Through his/her Body
50µA
L1
L2
120V
208V
60V
C1
I
1000Ω
C2
G
Figure 36.0-3. Isolated Power System with
1000-ohm Person. Secondary Side has No
Resistive Path to Ground, so if System Net
Capacitance is Low, Human Could Contact
Either Side of Power Line Safely
120V
L2
L1
60V
60V
50µA
Figure 36.0-4. Schematic Representation of
Typical Distributed Capacitance in an IPS
120V
L1
I
1000Ω
V1
C1
2.21 nF
L2
V2
C2
2.21 nF
Figure 36.0-5. Equates to the Circuit Below
120V
L1
C1
L2
C2
1000Ω
Figure 36.0-6. 1000-ohm Person in Contact
with One Line Conductor and Ground
Should the person have less ohmic
resistance, due to excessive moisture
or internal body connections, larger
and more lethal currents could flow
through his/her body should he/she
come into contact with line L.
CA08104001E
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Scenario Grounded IPS
Voltage
over
Person
120V
0.1V (with 50 microamp
initial leakage)
Current
thru
Person
120 mA
100 microamp (with
50 microamp initial
leakage)
The Isolated Power System (IPS)
Figure 36.0-3 shows an isolated power
system. There is no intentional ohmic
connection between the supply
(neutral) and ground. The 1000-ohm
person has greater protection from
potentially lethal shock hazard
because of the absence of the low
impedance ground-system return
path. However, there is always a
“capacitive” path to ground because
of the inherent system net capacitance
between any line conductor and
ground. Figure 36.0-4 assumes a
typical equally distributed, balanced
capacitive system with small leakage
current (50 microamps) flowing from
L1 via C1, through the ground, and
returning to L2 via C2. We can measure the voltage drop across the
system capacitance by using a high
impedance voltmeter. In a balanced
system as shown, we can expect to
measure 60 volts from each line to
ground. Leakage current may at this
time be measured by connecting an
mA or microamp meter from either
L1 or L2 to ground.
The 50µA assumed current means that
each capacitance has an impedance of
1.2 x 106 ohms (Z = V/I = 60/(50 x 10-6)
= 1.2 x 106 ohms). (50µA is assumed
because it represents a typical light
load system leakage to ground.) 50 µA
current corresponds to a capacitance
of C = 2.2 x 10-9 F or .002µF (at 60 Hz).
Now, should our 1000-ohm person
come into contact with either side of
the line, the maximum current that
could flow through him/her would be
only 100µA as seen in Figure 36.0-4.
Our 1000-ohm person coming into
contact with L1 has shunted one
side of the high impedance paths to
ground, and therefore will approximately double the leakage current
to 100 microamps, which is still
an extremely low level for all but
subcutaneous patient leakage paths.
36
36.0-4 Hospital Isolation Equipment
Medical Systems
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Ref. No. 1316
Application Information — IPS
Voltage across the person would be:
1000 - x120 = 0.1V
---------------------1201000
Voltage across C2 would be:
6
1.2x10 - x 120 = 119.9V
--------------------1201000
Current passing through our
1000-ohm person would be:
120V
----------------------- = 100microamps
1201000
Table 36.0-1 compares the effect of
the grounded system vs. IPS with a
grounded 1000-ohm person in contact
with a line conductor of each system.
The Line Isolation Monitor
The Line Isolation Monitor (LIM) is a
device which continually monitors the
impedance (resistance and capacitance)
from all lines (single- and 3-phase) to
ground, and indicates the maximum
current that could flow to a patient,
should the patient come into contact
with the line conductor (i.e., defective
equipment).
Note: many variables affect what current
could actually flow to the patient:
The isolated system does not have any
low-impedance connection to ground.
It has a high-impedance capacitive/
resistive return path. This provides the
layer of electrical safety that protects
both operators and patients alike.
Continuity of Supply
Probably the strongest argument for
the use of isolated power is where
continuity of supply is paramount.
Article 517-20 (1996 NEC) Wet
Locations states:
“All receptacles and fixed equipment
within the area of the wet location
shall have ground-fault circuitinterrupter protection for personnel if
interruption of power under fault conditions can be tolerated, or be served
by an isolated power system if such
interruption cannot be tolerated.”
Let us examine the advantages of the
IPS system to see how it compares
with the alternatives: the grounded
system and the GFCI (ground-fault
circuit interrupter).
Figure 36.0-7 is a schematic representation of both grounded and ungrounded
power systems.
2. Parallel leakage return paths will
also bypass a portion of the leakage current from the patient.
36
ICU and CCU areas, where the patient
may be connected to several pieces of
equipment (all of which contain their
respective leakages, both resistive and
capacitive) greatly add to the possibility of hazardous leakage currents flowing. We must never neglect the fact
that a leakage on a grounded system
will return via the low impedance
neutral-ground connection. The
magnitude of this current is limited
only by the impedance of the parallel
paths to ground — for example, our
1000-ohm person.
When we compare the same situation
with the ungrounded system: Fault F 2
(same location as F1) will cause a very
small current Ic to flow to ground and
return to the source via the system
capacitance.
The magnitude of Ic is limited by
circuit and fault impedance which,
in this case, is the system capacitance
(assumed to be .002µF).
Ic= 120V/(1.2 x 106Ω) = 100 microamps
During fault F2, the line isolation
monitor would quickly alarm the fault
condition so that remedial action may
be taken — but no fuses or circuit
breakers will trip. Supply continuity
has been maintained by using an IPS.
Isolated Power vs. GFCI
L
1. The value of 1000 ohms may vary
between less than 100 ohms to
20,000 ohms, depending on the
condition of the patient (moisture
content, muscle condition, dry
skin, etc.).
In the grounded system we see that
fault F1 will cause a large short-circuit
current (Isc) to flow to ground and
return to the supply by the equipotential ground (G) and the neutral bond.
The magnitude of this current will be
limited only by the circuit and fault
impedance, and typically will be in
the thousands of amperes range.
Obviously, fuse F will quickly blow
or, in the case of a circuit breaker,
quickly trip.
Fuse F
F1
Source
Load
N
G
Isc
The ground-fault circuit interrupter
(Figure 36.0-8) is a device that may
be installed with a grounded power
system. It reacts by tripping a circuit
breaker should leakage current exceed
the GFCI rating.
A
CB
Iout
L
L1
Source
F2
Source
Load
L2
G
GFCI
Ic
B
Figure 36.0-7. Schematic Representation of
Both Grounded (A) and Ungrounded (B)
Power Systems
For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com
Iin
∆I
N
G
Figure 36.0-8. Schematic of GFCI Application
The unit operates simply by comparing
the current flowing out to the load
against current returning from the
load. If both currents are equal, their
resultant sum is zero; the circuit
operates correctly.
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Medical Systems
36.0-5
Ref. No. 1317
Application Information — IPS
Should the two currents not equal zero
— i.e., a portion of the current returns
to the source via another path, a
residual current will be detected by
the GFCI. Should this residual current
be in excess of the GFCI trip rating
(5 mA), the breaker will operate and
cut off power to the circuit.
Important — the GFCI does not
provide continuous and advanced
monitoring of equipment and circuit
condition, nor does it alert impending
problems. The unit will simply trip
without warning, and may be prone
to nuisance tripping during erratic
supply conditions.
Figure 36.0-10 represents the corresponding fault impedance diagram.
Isc
350A
208V
60 A.C.B.
5.1%
Isc
607A
120V
20 A.C.B.
60 A.C.B.
Z Cable
Isc
2300A
20 A.C.B.
Z Cable
Z Cable
Fault
Fault
IPS System
Short-Circuit Currents
120V
Isc
2300A
Grounded System
Extremely large short-circuit currents
can flow in grounded systems (nonIPS) during a line-to-line or a lineto-ground fault condition. We shall
now examine how the IPS can reduce
these large and damaging short-circuit
currents, which helps prevent a total
system outage that could affect a large
area of the hospital.
Figure 36.0-10. IPS (left) and Grounded
System (right) Reduced to Fault Path
Components
Figure 36.0-9 shows a one-line for both
a grounded and an IPS distribution
system.
Calculations assume the above conditions with 208/120V transformer with
0.051 pu reactance and the infinite bus
at system input. Cable impedance is
assumed for 2 conductor, #12 AWG.
208V
120V
60A
60A
Figure 36.0-10 shows the instantaneous currents that flow, and helps
predict circuit breaker clearing.
5 kVA
120V
20A
IPS System
Assume a short-circuit fault occurs on
a piece of equipment connected via
a 10-foot (3 m) cable to the output 20
ampere circuit breaker of each system,
and compare the results.
120V
20A
Grounded System
Figure 36.0-9. Typical Distribution Arrangement
for IPS (left) and Grounded Systems (right)
Comparison of the two systems
show that the IPS system experiences
reduced magnitude of short-circuit
current by a factor of approximately
4:1 on the secondary side of our two
systems, and 7:1 on the primary side.
Obviously, fault energy dissipation
damage is proportionally reduced
using IPS.
In this example, only one circuit on
the IPS system, the faulty piece of
equipment, would be disconnected.
All other secondary circuits would
be unaffected by this fault condition.
When we compare tripping of breakers
with the grounded system, the 60
ampere breaker will trip and all secondary 20 ampere circuits and connected
equipment could be affected by power
loss. Remember that in normal installations, this main 60 ampere breaker
could be feeding several circuits or
several beds in an ICU or CCU.
CA08104001E
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The advantages of the IPS system in
both reduced energy dissipation at
the point of fault, and continuity of
supply for the connected consumers
are apparent.
Noise Reduction
Increased use of sensitive electronic
systems in the hospital environment
has created a growing need to supply
these systems with “clean” voltage,
free of noise and transients. Many data
storage and monitoring equipment are
sensitive to line transients and line
noise frequently present on voltage
feeders. Noise has many sources —
lightning strikes, switching surges,
motors, SCRs, switched mode power
supplies, and discharge lighting, to
name but a few. Many manufacturers
of voltage-sensitive equipment have
recognized the problem created by
transients and noise on their equipment’s input line and have provided
a measure of protection as an integral
part of their equipment. This protection, however, may not be adequate
for frequent or serious disturbances.
The IPS system contains a quality
shielded isolation transformer which
provides a convenient and effective
means of reducing or even eliminating
line-to-line and line-to-ground noise
on voltage feeders.
The IPS’s shielded isolation transformer can provide a 50 – 70 dB attenuation of wideband line-to-ground
(common-mode) noise.
Note: dB = 20 log (V1/V2).
As an example, a large 1500V transient
having a frequency of about 750 kHz,
will be reduced by a factor of 3162.3
(70 dB) to a value of 0.47V by the
shielded isolation transformer.
Although the primary reason for the
IPS design and installation was not
to achieve this attenuation, rather
to provide a low leakage secondary
power system, this is another “builtin” advantage when comparing
isolated power with conventionally
grounded systems.
36
36.0-6 Hospital Isolation Equipment
Medical Systems
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Ref. No. 1318
Technical Data
Isolated Power Panels (Type IPP)
Table 36.0-3. IPP Dimensions
w
1-inch (25.4 mm)
Plan
W
Dimensions in Inches (mm)
h
w
d
H
W
C
48
(1219)
30
(762)
14
(356)
50
(1270)
32
(813)
a S/S front trim.
1-inch (25.4 mm)
b Backbox, galvanized steel.
d
A
Backbox
Type
c Hat section, galvanized steel.
o
d Branch breaker subchassis.
e Breaker deadfront.
k
h
H
f Hinged door over circuit breakers.
g LIM circuit breaker.
l
i
g
m
j
Circuit
Breakers
h
h Loadcenter.
d
i Primary circuit breakers, 1-, 2-,
or 3-phase.
n
f
j Branch circuit breakers, 1-, 2-,
or 3-phase.
e
A
c
a
Front
b
View A-A
k Isolation transformer:
Phases
1-Ph
Power rating:
Primary voltage:
Secondary voltage:
Frequency:
Figure 36.0-11. Outline Drawing for IPPs Single- and Three-Phase 10 to 25 kVA
i
Note: The 3-phase isolation transformer
is available in delta-delta and
wye-delta configuration.
Incoming
Power
k
L1
L2
L3
}
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
j
kVA
V
V
Hz
l Line isolation monitor, 1- or
3-phase, analog or digital.
LZ Series LIM
l
m LIM connector plate.
To System
Ground
L1
L2
12 Vac Com
*
M*
M+
RI1
K1/NC
K1/Com
K1/NO
Safe
Hazard
RI2
GND2
LIM GND
Test/L3
OR
}
h
3-Ph
n Reference ground bus.
* Metered
Remote
Only
To Remote
Indicator
Series
MK2450
(if required)
n
o Vent-holes for convection air flow.
Panel
Ground
n
9
10
g
36
Figure 36.0-12. Wiring Diagram for IPPs Three-Phase 10 to 25 kVA
Table 36.0-2. IPP Ratings
Transformer kVA Ratings 1
Voltages Volts AC
Branch Breakers
Single-Phase
Three-Phase
Primary
Secondary
Single-Phase
Three-Phase
3
5
7-1/2
10
15
20
25
15
20
25
120
208
220
230
240
277
380
400
480
120
208
220
230
240
14 Maximum
2-Pole
(Plug-in or
Bolt-on)
10 Maximum
3-Pole
(Plug-in or
Bolt-on)
1
Backbox size is reduced to 41-inch H x 24-inch W x 8-inch D (1041.4 mm H x 609.6 mm W x
203.2 mm D) for 3, 5, 7-1/2 and 10 kVA transformers.
For more information visit: www.cutler-hammer.eaton.com
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Index
36.0-7
Ref. No. 1319
Technical Data
Isolated Power Centers (Type IPC)
Table 36.0-5. IPC Dimensions
w
1-inch (25.4 mm)
Plan
1-inch
(25.4 mm)
W
Dimensions in Inches (mm)
h
w
d
H
W
B
41
(1041)
24
(610)
8
(203)
43
(1092)
26
(660)
a S/S front trim.
d
A
Backbox
Type
b Backbox, galvanized steel.
c Backplate, galvanized steel.
d Branch breaker subchassis.
k
i
f Hinged door over circuit breakers.
h
H
e Breaker deadfront.
c
g
l
m
j
h Loadcenter.
d
n
f
g LIM circuit breaker.
h
i Primary circuit breakers, 1- or
2-phase.
e
j Branch circuit breaker, 2-phase.
a
A
o
b
p
View A-A
Front
Figure 36.0-13. Outline Drawing for IPCs Single- and Three-Phase 10 to 25 kVA
i
X1
H1
X2
IZ Series LIM
l Line isolation monitor, 1-phase,
analog or digital.
l
Incoming
Power
j
H2
k
h
L1
L2
12 Vac Com
MM+
RI1
OR
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
K1/NC
K1/Com
K1/N0
Safe
Hazard
R12
GND2
LIM GND
Test/L3
g
k Isolation transformer:
Phases
1-Ph
Power rating:
kVA
Primary voltage:
V
Secondary voltage:
V
Frequency:
Hz
m LIM connector plate.
*
*
* Metered
Remote
Only
n Ground bus.
To System
To Remote
Ground
Indicator
Series
MK2450
(if required)
o Hospital grade power receptacles.
p Hospital grade ground jacks.
m
n
Panel
Ground
o
p
36
Figure 36.0-14. Wiring Diagram for IPCs Three-Phase 10 to 25 kVA
Table 36.0-4. IPC Ratings
Transformer kVA Ratings
Voltages Volts AC
Single-Phase
Three-Phase
Primary
Secondary
Single-Phase
3
5
7-1/2
10
N/A
120
208
220
230
240
277
380
400
480
120
208
220
230
240
16 Maximum
2-Pole
(Plug-in Only)
CA08104001E
Branch Breakers
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36.0-8 Hospital Isolation Equipment
Medical Systems
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Ref. No. 1320
Technical Data
X-Ray and Laser Power Centers (Types XPC and LPC)
Table 36.0-7. XPC/LPC Dimensions
w
Dimensions in Inches (mm)
h
w
d
H
W
C
48
(1219)
30
(762)
14
(356)
50
(1270)
32
(813)
a S/S front trim.
1-inch (25.4 mm)
Plan
W
Backbox
Type
b Backbox, galvanized steel.
d
A
c Hat section, galvanized steel.
d Branch breaker subchassis.
o
k
e Breaker deadfront.
f Hinged door over circuit breakers.
H
g LIM circuit breaker.
h
i
g
j
C1 C2
q
C4
C5 C6 C7 C8
l
m
Branch
Circuit
Breakers
f
n
A
h Loadcenter.
h
i Primary circuit breakers, 1-, 2-,
or 3-phase.
d
e
p a
j Branch circuit breakers, 2- or
3-phase.
c b
Front
View A-A
Figure 36.0-15. Outline Drawing for XPC/LPC Single- and Three-Phase 10 to 25 kVA
X-Ray and Laser
Isolated Power Center
Power
Section
k Isolation transformer:
Phases
1-Ph
Power rating:
Primary voltage:
Secondary voltage:
Frequency:
3-Ph
kVA
V
V
Hz
l Line isolation monitor, 1- or
3-phase, analog or digital.
Control
Section
XFMR
Output
PLC
Input
m LIM connector plate.
LIM
n Reference ground bus.
Nurse
Station
o Vent-holes for convection
air flow.
Contactor
p Programmable logic
controller (PLC).
q Secondary circuit contactor
(C1…C8).
Display
Outlet
Remote
Indicator
Outlet
Device
Door
Contact
In-Use
Lamp
X-Ray and Laser
Receptacle Module
36
Figure 36.0-16. Typical Circuit Arrangement for XPC/LPC
Table 36.0-6. XPC/LPC Ratings
Transformer kVA Ratings
Voltages Volts AC
Single-Phase
Three-Phase
Primary
Secondary
Branch Breakers
Single-Phase
Three-Phase
10
15
20
25
10
15
20
25
120
208
220
230
240
277
380
400
480
120
208
220
230
240
14 Maximum
2-Pole
(Plug-in Only)
10 Maximum
3-Pole
(Plug-in Only)
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January 2003
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36.0-9
Ref. No. 1321
Technical Data
Surgical Facility Centers (Type SFC)
b
Table 36.0-9. SFC Dimensions
w
d
k
e
A
B
B
h
w
d
H
W
D
42
(1067)
50
(1270)
8
(203)
44
(1118)
52
(1320)
b Backbox, galvanized steel.
d
t
12:00
00:00
l
c Power supply for stereo system.
q
d Branch breaker subchassis.
i
e Breaker deadfront.
n
H
f
h
r
g
f Hinged door over circuit breakers.
g LIM circuit breaker.
h Loadcenter.
a
i Primary circuit breakers, 1- or
2-phase.
j
o
A
p
m
1-inch
(25.4 mm)
W
View B-B
Front
Figure 36.0-17. Outline Drawing for SFCs Single-Phase 3 to 10 kVA
i
H2
X1
H1
X2
j
IZ Series LIM
k
h
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
To System
Ground
L1
L2
12 VAC Com
*
M*
M+
RI1
* Metered
Remote
Only
g
To Remote
Indicator
Series
MK2450
(if required)
K1/NC
K1/Com
K1/N0
Safe
Hazard
R12
GND2
LIM GND
Test/L3
m
o
st
Panel
Ground
kVA
V
V
Hz
c
p
n Reference ground bus.
o Hospital grade power receptacles.
p Hospital grade ground jacks.
q Stereo system.
n
To Clock, Elapsed Timer and
Control Station
(For Wiring Details, see
Data Sheet on ZT1491
Clock/Elapsed Timer)
AC
DC
X-Ray
Viewer
k Isolation transformer:
Phases
1-Ph
Power rating:
Primary voltage:
Secondary voltage:
Frequency:
m LIM connector plate.
OR
1
j Branch circuit breaker, 2-phase.
l Line isolation monitor, 1-phase,
analog or digital.
l
Incoming
Power
To Existing
Roof Antenna
r Speakers.
s Clock.
t Elapsed timer.
Clock/elapsed timer remote control.
X-ray viewer.
Radio
r
q
36
Figure 36.0-18. Wiring Diagram for SFCs Single-Phase 3 to 10 kVA
Table 36.0-8. SFC Ratings
Transformer kVA Ratings
Voltages Volts AC
Single-Phase
Three-Phase
Primary
Secondary
Single-Phase
3
5
7-1/2
15
N/A
120
208
220
230
240
277
380
400
480
120
208
220
230
240
16 Maximum
2-Pole
(Plug-in Only)
CA08104001E
Dimensions in Inches (mm)
a S/S front trim.
View B-B
s
Backbox
Type
Branch Breakers
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36.0-10 Hospital Isolation Equipment
Medical Systems
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January 2003
Ref. No. 1322
Technical Data
Line Isolation Monitors
(Type LIM)
LIM Features
■
■
■
■
■
■
Digital
IZ1492
IZ1493
■
1-Phase
3-Phase
■
■
Less than 35 microampere LIM
hazard current.
No interference with medical
equipment.
Hybrid design with special phaselocking circuitry for ultimate
stability and repeatability.
Voltage-free SPDT contact for
external usage.
LIM overload protection with
automatic reset.
Field adjustable 2 or 5 mA
response value.
Easy-to-clean rugged
Lexan front.
Analog display IZ1490 and IZ1491.
Digital display IZ1492 and IZ1493.
Product Description
The Line Isolation Monitor (LIM)
detects the total leakage impedance
to ground in an AC isolated or ungrounded power system. Based on
this information, the maximum Total
Hazard Current (THC) is determined.
Analog
IZ1490
IZ1491
1-Phase
3-Phase
7
(177.8)
4-7/16
-7/16
(112.7)
12.7
4
(10
01..6)
View from Back
4-1/4
4
(108.0
(108.0)
6 1/8
6-1/8
(155.6)
(155
6)
6-1/8
(155.6)
1/8
/
(3.2)
3.2)
36
Recessed
Molex
Connector
The LIM is available for operation in
50 or 60 Hz systems with the following
AC voltages: 24, 100, 110, 120, 200,
208, 220, 230, 240 and 277V. The LIM
requires a separate supply voltage
of 120V AC when used with a system
voltage 24V. Otherwise, the supply
voltage for the LIM is taken from the
system to be monitored.
Two separate ground connections
are provided for added safety when
wiring the LIM into an Isolated Power
System. Each ground should be wired
individually to the Reference Grounding Bus. A break in either connection
will cause the LIM to alarm.
The THC is displayed either on an analog or digital panel meter. Normally,
the green LED is “on” and the meter
is in the non-alarm or safe green zone.
THC levels will increase as additional
loads are connected to the system
and/or when a line-to-ground fault has
suddenly occurred or is slowly developing. There is a visual and audible
alarm when the THC exceeds the LIM
setting of either 2 or 5 mA. Relay output contacts are also available which
can be wired into a circuit to trigger
an external alarm.
The visual alarm remains on for the
duration of the fault. The buzzer can,
however, be muted at the discretion
of personnel in the vicinity of the LIM.
The red LED that is built into the mute
switch comes “on” to indicate a muted
condition.
A test switch can be activated to checkout the LIM operation. This action
creates the equivalent of a fault and
causes the LIM to react as if a true fault
had occurred in the system. The meter
then goes into the red alarm zone, the
green LED goes off, the red LED comes
on and the buzzer sounds. The operation of this switch does not add to the
risk of electric shock within the system
in actual use, nor does it include the
effect of the line-to-ground stray
impedance of the system.
The LIM has provisions for connecting
one or more remote stations with or
without meter. Similar information
and test action is available at these
remotes as is provided by the LIM.
Operational Information
2-1/2
2
(63.5)
(63.5
The LIM function is to calculate
and display the true maximum value
of the Total Hazard Current (THC).
The LIM accomplishes this task using
a patented technique of measurement.
Figure 36.0-19. Line Isolation Monitors —
Dimensions in Inches (mm)
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36.0-11
Ref. No. 1323
Technical Data
Physical Details
Table 36.0-10. Technical Data for LIM
Rated Insulation Voltage
300V
Insulation Class in Accordance with UL 1022
Dielectric Voltage-Withstand Test
1500V
Rated Service Rating
Continuous Operating
Rated Mains Voltage of VN
Frequency Range of VN
Operating Range of VN
Maximum Power Consumption
24/100/110/120/200/208/220/230/240V AC, Single-Phase
50 or 60 Hz (+/- 1%)
85% – 110% of Rated Voltage
7.5 VA
Measuring Current
Monitor Hazard Current
Maximum 18 µA
Maximum 35 µA
Minimum Internal Impedance at 50/60 Hz
4MΩ
Nominal Response Value
Response Tolerance
Response Retardation
Response Hysteresis
5 mA Changeable to 2 mA
1.8 to 2 mA or 4.6 to 5 mA
< 5 sec.
15% of Response Value
Output Contact Assemblies
One Voltage-Free SPDT Contact and one 12V AC,
120 mA Remote Indicator Contact
250V
6A
Rated Contact Voltage
Make Capacity
Break Capacity
at 250V DC and L/R = 0
at 60V DC and L/R = 0
at 24V DC and L/R = 0
Switching Life (220V AC/60 Hz)
0.4A
0.7A
6A
2 x 106 Cycles
Operation Mode
Continuous
LIM Overload Protection
Built-in Thermal Overload with Automatic Reset
Ambient Temperature
When Operating
When Stored
The LIM is less than 2-1/2 inches (63.5
mm) deep. Cutout required for panel
mounting is 4-5/16 x 6-3/16 (+0, -1/32)
inches (109.6 x 157.2 mm). Mounting
holes are on 4-inch (101.6 mm) and
6-1/2-inch (165.1 mm) centers.
A 15-pin female Molex connector
is built into the side of the LIM.
A terminal board assembly with cable
and 15-pin male Molex connector is
available to facilitate field wiring.
A buzzer sound level adjustment,
using a 1/8-inch (3.2 mm) Allen head
wrench is conveniently accessible
through a hole in the top-side of
the LIM.
The housing must be opened to
change the LIM response value to
either 2 or 5 mA.
10°C – 50°C
50°F – 122°F
-20°C – 50°C
10°F – 122°F
Mounting Orientation
Any
Connector
15-pin Molex, Type 03-09-2152
Weight
Approximately 1.75 Lbs (.8 kg)
36
CA08104001E
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36.0-12 Hospital Isolation Equipment
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January 2003
Ref. No. 1324
CSA is a registered trademark of
the Canadian Standards Association.
UL is a federally registered trademark
of Underwriters Laboratories Inc.
National Electrical Code and NEC are
registered trademarks of the National
Fire Protection Association, Quincy,
Mass.
36
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CA08104001E