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Cell replication - Mitosis 12B 8th May 2012 Label diagrams • Copy and label the diagrams on the board Cell Replication Key facts • Organism grows from a single celled zygote to an adult organism by mitosis • Each cell contains 46 chromosomes • At the end of division we have two identical cells • As cells get larger the surface area /volume ratio decreases making diffusion less efficient. When cells divide the surface area is increased which enhances diffusion of nutrients and waste excretion • Mitosis cell division takes place all over the body Cell cycle replication Prophase • Chromosomes can be seen as they start to condense forming chromatids joined by centromere • Nuclear membrane starts to disappear • Nucleolus start to disappear • Centrioles migrate to each side of nucleus and spindle starts to form Metaphase • Chromosomes line up along equator • Each sister chromatid lined up on opposite sides • Chromatid joined to spindle by centromeres Anaphase • Chromatids separate • Pulled to opposite poles by spindle • Unattached spindles elongate Telophase • Mitosis complete • Nuclear membrane forms • Nucleoli reappear