Download Elements

Elements
Standards Covered
• GLE 0807.9.2 Explain that matter has
properties that are determined by the structure
and arrangement of its atoms.
• SPI 0807.9.3 Classify common substances as
elements or compounds based on their symbols
or formulas.
• GLE 0807.9.4 Distinguish among elements,
compounds, and mixtures.
Standards Covered
• Check-0807.9.5 Distinguish between elements
and compounds by their symbols and formulas.
• GLE 0807.9.6 Use the periodic table to
determine the characteristics of an element.
• SPI 0807.9.9 Use the periodic table to
determine the properties of an element.
What Are Elements?
• An element is the type
of atom you have.
• An atom is the smallest
amount of an element
you can have.
• There is only one type of
atom per element.
 Pure gold is made of
only gold atoms.
 Pure iron is made of
only iron atoms.
Let me rephrase that…
• All atoms have the same 3 types of parts, but
what element it is depends on how many
electrons, protons, and neutrons it has.
• I have even heard students say.. “ All atoms are
Elements… and Elements are just the specific
names of Atoms…”
 They are not wrong…
To repeat…
• Element is just another way of saying the type
of atom you have.
• It’s being specific… every element is in the
form of an atom but only one element has
correct number of electrons, protons, and
neutrons to be a “ Carbon Atom.”
Let’s approach it from another
angle…
• Think of it this way…
 You can call every male a boy and not be
wrong…
 However, they all have different characteristics
(some tall, some skinny, some big, some
hairy…)
 So why not be more specific?
• Calling something an atom is broad.
• Calling it the element name is specific.
Let’s go back to the chart…
More about Elements..
• Elements (since elements
are basically specific
atoms) are the building
blocks of all matter.
• The periodic table is a list
of all of the elements that
can build matter. It’s a little
like the alphabet of
elements/ atoms .
• The periodic table tells us
several things…
More Information about
Elements
• Elements are the
building blocks of all
matter.
• The periodic table is
a list of all of the
elements that can
build matter. It’s a
little like the alphabet
of chemistry.
• The periodic table
tells us several
things…
Atomic Number:
Number of protons and it is also
the number of electrons in an
atom of an element.
Element’s Symbol:
An abbreviation for
the element.
Elements Name
Atomic Mass/Weight:
Number of protons +
neutrons.
Periodic Table
8
O
Oxygen
16
Periodic Table Info…
• Balanced atoms have the same number of
protons and electrons, all the elements on the
periodic table are balanced.
• The atomic number is the number of protons in
an atom.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Atoms always have the same number of
protons and electrons, this is called the atomic
number.
• Atoms always have the same number of
protons and electrons, this is called the atomic
number.
• Atoms always have the same number of
protons and electrons, this is called the atomic
number.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Atoms always have the same number of
protons and electrons, this is called the atomic
number.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Atoms always have the same number of
protons and electrons, this is called the atomic
number.
All atoms must be
electrically balanced.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Atoms always have the same number of
protons and electrons, this is called the atomic
number.
All atoms must be
electrically balanced. The
same number of negative
electrons and positive
protons,
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Atoms always have the same number of
protons and electrons, this is called the atomic
number.
All atoms must be
electrically balanced. The
same number of negative
electrons and positive
protons, if they were not
equal then the Atom would
have a charge,
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Atoms always have the same number of
protons and electrons, this is called the atomic
number.
All atoms must be
electrically balanced. The
same number of negative
electrons and positive
protons, if they were not
equal then the Atom would
have a charge, it would
then not be stable and
instantly need to react.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Atoms always have the same number of
protons and electrons, this is called the atomic
number.
All atoms must be
electrically balanced. The
same number of negative
electrons and positive
protons, if they were not
equal then the Atom would
have a charge, it would
then not be stable and
instantly need to react.
We will learn about ions
later. (Part Four)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What atom is this How can you tell?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer! (2 Protons) Atomic #2
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer! (2 Protons) Atomic #2 (Helium)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer! (2 Protons) Atomic #2 (Helium)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer! (2 Protons) Atomic #2 (Helium)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Answer! (2 Protons) Atomic #2 (Helium)
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Atomic Number
Atomic Symbol
Name
Atomic Mass
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Atomic Number
Atomic Symbol
Name
Atomic Mass
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Atomic Symbol
Name
Atomic Mass
Copyright
© 2010
Ryan
P. Murphy
Copyright
© 2010
Ryan
P. Murphy
Atomic Symbol
Name
Atomic Mass
Copyright
© 2010
Ryan
P. Murphy
Copyright
© 2010
Ryan
P. Murphy
Atomic Symbol
Name
Atomic Mass
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Atomic Symbol
Name
Atomic Mass
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Atomic Symbol
Name
Atomic Mass
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Atomic Symbol
Name
Atomic Mass
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Atomic Number
Atomic Symbol
Name
Atomic Mass
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Note: Only the first letter is
capitalized.
Atomic Symbol
Name
Atomic Mass
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Note: Only the first
letter is capitalized.
Atomic Symbol
Name
Atomic Mass
Also note that the atomic
symbol for Silver is Ag. Si is
the atomic Symbol for Silicon.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
1
0
1
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
1
0
1
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
1
0
1
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
1
0
1
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
1
0
1
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
1
0
1
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
1
0
1
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
2
2
2
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
2
2
2
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• The smallest atoms are Hydrogen (H) and
Helium (He).
2
2
2
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Isotope: Atom with the same number of
protons and electrons but different
numbers of neutrons.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Isotope: Atom with the same number of
protons and electrons but different
numbers of neutrons.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Isotope: Atom with the same number of
protons and electrons but different
numbers of neutrons.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• Isotope: Atom with the same number of
protons and electrons but different
numbers of neutrons.
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What is the atomic
symbol?
• What is the atomic
number?
– How many Protons?
– How many Electrons?
• What is the atomic
Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
• What is the atomic
symbol?
• What is the atomic
number?
– How many Protons?
– How many Electrons?
• What is the atomic
Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
• What is the atomic
symbol? Li
• What is the atomic
number?
– How many Protons?
– How many Electrons?
• What is the atomic
Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What is the atomic
symbol? Li
• What is the atomic
number?
– How many Protons?
– How many Electrons?
• What is the atomic
Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
• What is the atomic
symbol? Li
• What is the atomic
number? 3
– How many Protons?
– How many Electrons?
• What is the atomic
Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
• What is the atomic
symbol? Li
• What is the atomic
number? 3
– How many Protons?
– How many Electrons?
• What is the atomic
Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
• What is the atomic
symbol? Li
• What is the atomic
number? 3
– How many Protons? 3
– How many Electrons?
• What is the atomic
Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
• What is the atomic
symbol? Li
• What is the atomic
number? 3
– How many Protons? 3
– How many Electrons?
• What is the atomic
Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
• What is the atomic
symbol? Li
• What is the atomic
number? 3
– How many Protons? 3
– How many Electrons? 3
• What is the atomic
Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
• What is the atomic
symbol? Li
• What is the atomic
number? 3
– How many Protons? 3
– How many Electrons? 3
• What is the atomic
Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
• What is the atomic
symbol? Li
• What is the atomic
number? 3
– How many Protons? 3
– How many Electrons? 3
• What is the atomic
Mass? 6.94 amu
– How many Neutrons?
• What is the atomic
symbol? Li
• What is the atomic
number? 3
– How many Protons? 3
– How many Electrons? 3
• What is the atomic
Mass? 6.94 amu
– How many Neutrons?
• What is the atomic
symbol? Li
• What is the atomic
number? 3
– How many Protons? 3
– How many Electrons?
3
• What is the atomic
Mass? 6.94 amu
– How many Neutrons?
3.94
• What is the atomic
symbol? Li
• What is the atomic
number? 3
– How many Protons? 3
– How many Electrons? 3
• What is the atomic Mass?
6.94 amu
– How many Neutrons?
3.94
• What is the atomic
symbol?
• What is the atomic
number?
– How many Protons?
– How many Electrons?
• What is the atomic
Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
• What is the atomic
symbol?
• What is the atomic
number?
– How many Protons?
– How many Electrons?
• What is the atomic
Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
• What is the atomic
symbol? Fe
• What is the atomic
number? 26
– How many Protons? 26
– How many Electrons? 26
• What is the atomic Mass?
55.84 amu
– How many Neutrons?
29.84
• Meet the Elements Activity Sheet.
– Periodic table needed
– Complete the page on the back using your
periodic table for the upcoming fun quiz.
Hydrogen
Helium
Neonn
Krypton, Argon, Xenon,
Helium
Copper
5
7
Boron
N
Nitrogen
10.81 amu
Cs
Be
Cesium 132.91
Beryllium 9.01
Au
79
8
196.97 amu
No
Nobelium
30
65.41
S
Sulfur 32.065
17
Lead 207.20
Ir
Iridium 192.22
1
Zinc
Br
79.90 amu
82
O
Oxygen
102
35
H
Hydrogen
1.01
Cl
35.45 amu
10
Neon 20.18
20
Ca
Calcium
• What is the atomic
symbol?
• What is the atomic
number?
– How many Protons?
– How many Electrons?
• What is the atomic
Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What is the atomic
symbol?
• What is the atomic
number?
– How many Protons?
– How many Electrons?
• What is the atomic
Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What is the atomic
symbol? Zn
• What is the atomic
number? 30
– How many Protons? 30
– How many Electrons? 30
• What is the atomic Mass?
65.37 amu
– How many Neutrons? 35
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What is the atomic
symbol?
• What is the atomic
number?
– How many Protons?
– How many Electrons?
• What is the atomic Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What is the atomic
symbol?
• What is the atomic
number?
– How many Protons?
– How many Electrons?
• What is the atomic Mass?
– How many Neutrons?
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What is the atomic
symbol? B
• What is the atomic
number? 5
– How many Protons? 5
– How many Electrons? 5
• What is the atomic Mass?
10.81 amu
– How many Neutrons?
5.81
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
• What is the atomic
symbol? B
• What is the atomic
number? 5
– How many Protons? 5
– How many Electrons? 5
• What is the atomic Mass?
10.81 amu
– How many Neutrons?
5.81
Copyright © 2010 Ryan P. Murphy
Hydrogen
Yttrium
Zinc, Neon,
Gold, Lead
Helium
Tinn
Europium
Einsteinium Californiu
m
Arsenic
Mercury
Neonn
Krypton, Argon, Xenon,
Helium
Krypton
Americium
Nobelium
Copper
Francium
Mercury, Plutonium,
Uranium, Neptunium,
Calcium
Tungsten Potassium