Download Information for the Prevention of Nosocomial Infections

Prevention of
Nosocomial Infections
By: Ryan Laute
Audience: Hospital Staff
• Infection that is acquired in a
hospital or health care facility.
• Patient must have been admitted
for other reason from newly
acquired infection.
• He or she must also not show
signs of active or incubating this
new infection.
What is a Nosocomial
Infection?
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Protecting yourself from infection.
Protecting patients from infection.
Enhancing quality of care.
Reducing unnecessary treatments.
Reduction of Cost.
Increase of patient satisfaction.
Why are These Infections
Relevant to Me?
• Ventilator-associated
pneumonia (VAP)
• Urinary tract infections
(UTI)
• Catheter-related
bloodstream infections
(CRBSI)
Examples of Nosocomial
Infections
• (VAP) Stands for ventilator
associated pneumonia.
• This nosocomial infection can be
extremely prevalent in patients
health care settings.
• (VAP) Can be prevented by taking
the proper precautions and
following hospital policy related
to vent and trach care.
What is VAP?
• Poor oral hygiene in patients undergoing
mechanical ventilation.
• Drug resistant strains of bacteria.
• Non-sterile vent equipment.
• Poor hand hygiene.
• Body positioning.
Causes of VAP
• Proper oral hygiene can help reduce
VAP occurrences.
• Removal of endotracheal secretions.
• Humidification device
implementation.
• Silver coated endotracheal tube.
• Subglottic continuous suctioning.
• Prophylactic PEEP.
Prevention Methods for
VAP
Catheter-Related Blood
Stream Infections (CRBSI)
• Can also be called catheterrelated sepsis.
• It is defined as the presence of
bacteremia originating from an
I.V catheter.
• CRBSI’s are one of the most
common types of nosocomial
infections.
What is a CRBSI?
• Non-aseptic technique during
insertion of catheter.
• Non-aseptic technique during
dressing change of catheter.
• Non proper skin disinfection
around site on catheter.
Causes of CRBSI
• Maintaining aseptic technique during
placement of catheter.
• Maintaining aseptic technique during
changing of dressings.
• Proper choosing of catheter site.
• Removal of non-essential catheters.
Prevention Methods for
CRBSI
Urinary Tract Infections
(UTIs)
• A urinary tract infection (UTI)
is an infection in any part of
your urinary system such as
your kidneys, ureters, bladder
and urethra.
• Most infections involve the
lower urinary tract that is the
bladder and the urethra.
What is a UTI?
• Occurs when bacteria enters the
urinary tract and travels through
the urethra.
• Non-aseptic technique when
placing urinary catheters.
• Duration of urinary catheter
when left in patient.
• Compromised immune systems.
Causes of a UTI
• Aseptic placement of urinary
catheter.
• Implementation of proper hand
hygiene before insertion of catheter.
• Anti-microbial or antiseptic should
be considered for site disinfection.
• Removal of urinary catheter as soon
as possible, when appropriate.
Prevention Methods for
UTIs
Proper Hand Hygiene
• Prevents the spread of nosocomial
infections.
• Prevents the growth of resistant
bacteria.
• Prevents illness.
• Prevents a longer hospital stay for
patients.
• Cost effective.
• http://www.cdc.gov/handhygiene/
Why is Hand Hygiene is
Important
Steps for Proper Hand
Washing
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After going to the toilet.
After blowing your nose.
After smoking.
After handling/patting animals.
Before, during and after preparing food.
When your hands are visibly dirty.
When You Should Wash
Your Hands
• True or False, Hand washing is a
great way to prevent the spread of
nosocomial infections?
• True or False, You should soap
your hands for at least 20 seconds
when washing?
• True or false, Before and after
handling food I should wash my
hands?
Quiz Yourself!
• “True” or False, Hand washing is
a great way to prevent the spread
of nosocomial infections?
• “True” or False, You should soap
your hands for at least 20 seconds
when washing?
• “True” or false, Before and after
handling food I should wash my
hands?
Were You Right?
• http://www.cdc.gov/handhygiene/
• http://www.cdc.gov/handhygiene/Basics.html
• Di Filippo, A., Casini, A., & de Gaudio, A. (2011).
Infection prevention in the intensive care unit: Review of
the recent literature on the management of invasive devices.
Scandinavian Journal Of Infectious Diseases, 43(4), 243250. doi:10.3109/00365548.2011.552070
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