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Thurs. 11/15 and Fri. 11/16
• Test-Ch. 5 Minerals of the Earth’s Crust today.
• INB check #1 today.
Why is the mineral below considered a crystal?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Because it has 4 sides
Because it can be broken
Because it has a regular, repeating pattern
Because it has luster
Pg. 25 Title Page
Chapter 6
• Title(Write out the chapter number and word
title).
• 3 picts. and 3 keywords
• 3 colors
Mon. 11/19 and Tues. 11/20
Two tombstones, located in the same cemetery approximately
10 meters apart, face east. Tombstone A had dates cut into the
rock in 1922. Tombstone B had dates cut into the rock in 1892.
Which statement best explains why the dates are more difficult
to read on Tombstone A than on Tombstone B?
A.
Tombstone A contains minerals less
resistant to weathering than Tombstone B.
B. Tombstone A has undergone a longer
period of weathering than Tombstone B.
C. Tombstone A has experienced cooler
temperatures than Tombstone B.
D. Tombstone A was exposed to less acid rain
than Tombstone B.
In: Pg. 25
What is the title of section 6.1 in the book?
Thru 1: Pg. 26
6.1 Rocks and the Rock Cycle SQ3R
• Read pages 125-128 of the text book and
complete the SQ3R sheet for these pages.
Thru 2
Pg. 27
Analysis Questions:
1. Which processes turn
rock into:
Pg. 28
Rock Cycle Cutout
Activity.
• Cutout the arrows and
– Sediments
– Magma
pictures from the
– Metamorphic rock
“Cutout Sheet”.
2. What turns magma into • Glue them in the
igneous rock?
appropriate
place
on
3. What turns sediments
the “Rock Cycle”
into sedimentary rock?
Diagram.
Add to Table of Contents
• The Rock cycle
• Rock notes
Page 32
Page 33
What is a Rock?
• Rocks = Naturally-occurring
mixtures of minerals,
mineraloids, glass or organic
matter.
• What is the difference
between a rock and a mineral?
–Rocks are made up of ONE
or MORE minerals.
–A rock can have once-living
material in it.
Once a rock is formed, does it
stay the same rock forever?
• NO!
• Rocks are continually changed by
many processes, such as
weathering, erosion, compaction,
cementation, melting, and cooling.
• Rocks can change to and from the
three types:
1. Igneous
2. Sedimentary
3. Metamorphic
What is the process through
which rocks change?
• The Rock Cycle—the process through
which earth materials change back
and forth among the different types
of rocks.
Out
Draw on page 32
IGNEOUS
Weathering,
Erosion,
Compaction,
Cementation
Heat and Pressure
Melting,
Solidification
Melting,
Solidification
Weathering, Erosion,
Compaction,
Cementation
SEDIMENTARY
METAMORPHIC
Heat and Pressure
• Assignment: Construct a
Rock cycle
Out
Fill in the blanks with:
Igneous rock
Sedimentary rock
Metamorphic rock
Weathering, Erosion,
Compaction,
Cementation
Heat and
Pressure
Melting,
Solidification
Melting,
Solidification
Heat and Pressure
Weathering, Erosion,
Compaction,
Cementation
Wed. 11/21 and Mon 11/26
• Quiz #3
Quiz #3
1. What is the title of chapter 6? Pg 25
2. What page is the SQ3R for section 6.1 taped
on?
3. What are the 3 types of rocks? Pg 27
4. What process turns rock into sediments? Pg
27
5. What type of rock forms from magma? Pg 27
6. What type of rock forms from heat and
pressure? Pg 27
1. What is a rock?
2. What is the difference between a rock and a
mineral?
Fill in the blanks with:
Igneous rock
Sedimentary rock
Metamorphic rock
IGNEOUS
Weathering, Erosion,
Compaction,
Cementation
Heat and
Pressure
Melting,
Solidification
Melting,
Solidification
Heat and Pressure
METAMORPHIC
SEDIMENTARY
Weathering, Erosion,
Compaction,
Cementation
Metamorphic rock forms when the
structure of pre-existing rock is changed.
What processes can change rock in this
manner?
a. Extruding and Cooling
b. Compaction & Cementation
c. Weathering & Erosion
d. Heat & Pressure
• Video on Minerals and Rocks
Add to table of contents
• Tunka-Shila Questions
• Rock types
Pg. 34
Pg. 35
Tunka-Shila, Grandfather Rock
1. What process in the rock cycle does Paragraph A
describe?
2. What type of rock is being formed?
3. What process in the rock cycle does Paragraph B
describe?Paragraph B?
4. What type of rock is being formed?
5. What are your feelings about this story? Did it help
you learn about rocks? Did it help you to understand
how other cultures view the formation of our planet?
Thru 2
Pg. 31
Uses of Pumice
worksheet—do both
sides!
• Homework!
Pg. 32
Cornell Notes-Ch. 6 Rocks
Thru 2
Ch. 6 Rocks
Chapter
6 Rocks
Cornell Notes-Pg. 32
What are the types of
rocks?
• Rocks are divided into 3
groups based on how they
were formed:
• IGNEOUS
• SEDIMENTARY
• METAMORPHIC
• “Ignis” = Latin for “fire”
• Formed from the cooling of
either magma or lava
• The most abundant type of
rock
• Classified according to their
origin and composition
ORIGIN— Where rocks are formed
• Below ground = from magma (intrusive
igneous rock)
• Usually have LARGE crystal grains (they cooled
slowly)
• Above ground = from lava (extrusive
igneous rock)
• Usually have SMALL or NO crystals (they
cooled too quickly)
Some have large & small crystals (called
porphyritic)
Peridotite: Intrusive or
Extrusive? Why?
Granite: Intrusive or Extrusive?
Why?
Porphyry: Intrusive or Extrusive?
Why?
Obsidian: Intrusive or Extrusive?
Why?
COMPOSITION—
What kind of
substances the rocks are made of.
Basalt(a mafic rock that is rich
in iron and magnesium)
Granite (a felsic rock that
is rich in silica)
Diorite (an intermediate rock
that has mafic and felsic rocks in
it)
• Formed from sediments
that are pressed or
cemented together.
• Sedimentary rocks
represent 7% of the
Earth’s crust, but they
cover 70% of the
Earth’s surface.
Sediments
• Rock
fragments,
mineral grains,
animal & plant
remains.
• Water or wind
breaks down
rock.
• These
sediments are
moved by
wind, water,
ice or gravity.
• Then they are
deposited
(dropped)
What turns sediments into solid rock?
• Compaction=The heavy sediments press down on
the layers beneath causing the sediments to
fuse together.
• Cementation=Dissolved minerals flow
between the particles and cement them
together.
• Rocks that have changed due to intense
temperature and pressure
• “Meta” means “change” and morphosis
means “form” in Greek
• Igneous, sedimentary and other
metamorphic rocks can change to
become metamorphic rocks
What occurs in the Earth to
change these rocks?
• Pressure from overlying rock layers
• High heat, but not enough to melt the rock
• Rocks may be flattened or bent or atoms may be
exchanged to form new minerals.
• *You can think of metamorphic rocks
as a squished peanut butter & jelly
sandwich in your lunch.
How are metamorphic rocks classified?
• Foliated—mineral
grains are flattened
and line up in parallel
bands
– Example: gneiss
formed from
rearrangement of
minerals in granite
into bands
How are metamorphic rocks classified?
• Non-Foliated—No bands are formed
– Example: marble formed from limestone
Where do metamorphic rocks
usually form?
• Where magma intrudes
relatively cool rock
• Near colliding plates (near
mountain ranges)
• Places that are covered miles
thick with other rock causing
pressure
• When hot water intrudes rock
• Where a meteorite strikes
Earth (rare)
• Where lightning bolts strike
rocks (rare)
Out
This is an
obsidian, an
igneous rock.
1. Is this an
extrusive or
intrusive
igneous rock?
2. Explain.
Tues. 11/27 and Wed. 11/28
• sub
A sample of basalt has smaller crystals
than a sample of granite. What is the most
likely reason for this? The basalt
a. forms when magma cools slowly.
b. forms when magma cools quickly.
c. contains lighter elements than
granite.
d. contains heavier elements than
granite.
In: Pg. 33
• What are 3 uses that humans have for rocks?
Thru 1: Pg. 34
Movie clip: Rocks(17 minutes)-watch the movie
clip and write down 5 facts.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Thru 2
Pg. 35
3 column vocab.
1. Intrusive igneous
rock
2. Extrusive igneous
rock
3. Felsic
4. Mafic
5. Compaction
6. Cementation
7. Chemical
sedimentary rock
Pg. 36
8. Organic sedimentary
rock
9. Clastic sedimentary rock
10. Metamorphism
11. Contact metamorphism
12. Regional metamorphism
13. Foliation
14. Nonfoliated
Out
Coal was formed when
the remains of ancient
plants were buried and
compacted before they
could decay.
Coal is a _______
sedimentary rock because
it…
Thurs. 11/29 and Fri. 11/30
• Quiz #4 today—get out paper and your INB.
• Test-Ch. 6 Rocks next class.
• INB Check #2 next class.
Quiz #4
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
A rock is made of one or more_______. Pg 29
Is obsidian and intrusive or extrusive igneous rock? Pg 29
What is the answer to #2? Pg 30
What does “ignis” mean? Pg 32
Where a rock is formed is called its _____. Pg 32
_______ igneous rocks cool above the earth’s surface. Pg 32
Rock fragments, mineral grains and plant and animal remains are
called______. Pg 32
8. ______ is when dissolved minerals flow between particles and cement
them together to form sedimentary rock. Pg 32
9. ______ rocks are rocks that have change due to intense heat and
pressure. Pg 32
10. In a ______ metamorphic rock, mineral grains are flattened and line up
in parallel bands.
• Which two classes of rock
will form near or at
Earth’s surface?
a. Extrusive igneous and
sedimentary
b. Sedimentary and intrusive
igneous
c. Metamorphic and igneous
d. Metamorphic and
sedimentary
Rock Identification Characteristics
Fine Grain
• Smooth appearance
• In igneous and
metamorphic rock=no
or very small crystals
• Sedimentary rock=small
particles
Coarse Grain
• Rough or grainy
appearance
• In igneous and
metamorphic
rock=larger crystals
• Sedimentary
rock=larger particles
Course grained sedimentary rock
Coarse grained igneous rock
Coarse grained metamorphic rock
Fine grained sedimentary rock
Fine grained igneous rock
Fine grained metamorphic rock
Metamorphic Rock
Foliated-minerals arranged in
bands.
Unfoliated-minerals not
banded.
In: Pg.37
On the next slide are 4 metamorphic rocks. Tell
me if they are foliated or unfoliated.
1.
2.
3.
4.
1
3
2
4
Thru 1: Pg. 38
• Rock Identification Lab.
Out
The 3 types of
rock are igneous,
sedimentary and
metamorphic.
1. What type of
rock is this?
2. How do you
know?