Download The Seven Years* War - White Plains Public Schools

THE SEVEN YEARS’ WAR
(A.K.A. THE FRENCH AND INDIAN
WAR): THE WAR THAT MADE
AMERICA
APUSH Spiconardi
MERCANTILISM
 Under mercantilism, the mother country extracts raw materials
from her colony, manufactures the materials into goods, and
then sells the manufactured good to the colony
 How do you allow for economic growth under this
mercantilism?
 Acquire more land for colonists to live and provide more raw
materials, so the new colonists can buy manufactured goods
Where do
the British
go for new
land?
What
problem(s)
is this going
to present?
START OF THE WAR
 The Ohio Company
START OF THE WAR
 Fearing British aggression, the
French build forts on the border of
Pennsylvania
 A young George Washington is
sent to inspect the construction of
the French Fort Duquesne
 Washington hastily constructs Fort
Necessity and soon orders the first
shot of the war
 The French would retaliate,
ambush Fort Necessity and
capture Washington
A young George Washington
ALBANY PLAN OF UNION (1754)
 Benjamin Franklin devises a
plan for a unified colonial
government to provide defense
during the war.
 Both the colonies and British
Crown rejected the idea
 Franklin on the rejection: “The
colonial assemblies and most
of the people were narrowly
provincial in outlook, mutually
jealous, and suspicious of any
central taxing authority."
BRITISH/COLONIAL TENSIONS
Colonists
British
Methods of Fighting
Guerilla warfare
Marched in formation
Military Organization
Colonial militia served
under their own captains
British officers wanted to
command the colonial
militias
Military Discipline
No military protocols
observed
Drills and tough discipline
Finances
Resistance to raising taxes
Colonists should pay for
their own defenses and
house British soldiers
Demeanor
Casual, non-professional
Aristocratic; British officers
had servants serve tea
*First two years of the war went against the British.
Advantage French and their Indian allies
WILLIAM PITT
 William Pitt becomes the
new Prime Minister of
Great England in 1757
 Raises money
 Increases number of British
troops and naval forces
 Pitt promises colonial
assemblies that they would
be reimbursed for their war
expenditures
 Colonists are happy and
tensions eases
 British eventually win the war
EFFECTS OF THE WAR
 The Treaty of Paris ends
the war in 1763
 France loses almost all of
its North American territory
 Spain acquires French lands
west of the Mississippi and
New Orleans
 British acquire French
Canada and French lands
east of the Mississippi
EFFECTS OF THE WAR
British
 National debt jumps from
£75 million to £133 million
 Who’s going to pay?
 Britain gained additional
land for mercantilist goals
 Increased British disdain
for colonists
 Britain tightens hold over
colonies
Colonists
 Sense of unity against
a common enemy
 Colonists had a collective
identity (bonds of war)
 Proud to be British
 Sense of liberty
 Defeat of Catholic France
was a blow for “Protestant
freedom” over “popish
slavery”
EFFECTS OF THE WAR
But this sense of nationalism would not last.