Download 1-Chemistry-101

Chemistry 101
Answers
1. What makes the properties of atoms (and
elements) different from one another?
1. What makes the properties of atoms (and
elements) different from one another?
• “The number of protons an atom has
determines most of the properties of the
atom. Each different atom has a different
number of protons. Atoms with the same
number of protons are the same element,
even if they have different numbers of
electrons or neutrons.”
Hydrogen vs. Carbon
2. Label the information provided in
the periodic table.
2. Label the information provided in
the periodic table.
Atomic Number
(# of Protons)
Symbol
Element
Avg. Atomic Mass
3. What does the atomic mass
represent?
3. What does the atomic mass
represent?
• “The atomic mass number is the sum of the
protons and neutrons in the nucleus.”
• Protons + Neutrons = Mass Number
4. List the six most important elements
in the human body.
4. List the six most important elements
in the human body.
• “Only the lighter elements occur in living
organisms. In general, organisms are made up
of about 25 of the elements in the top four
rows of the periodic table. Six of these
elements are extremely important: Carbon,
Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Phosphorous,
and Calcium.”
Living cells contain
anywhere from 65 to 90%
water (H20) by weight, so
most of the human body’s
mass is oxygen.
5. How is a molecule different from a
compound?
5. How is a molecule different from a
compound?
• Combinations of atoms are called molecules. A
molecule is a part of matter that is made up of more
than one atom. Molecules may contain one kind of
atom or more than one kind of atom.
• Compounds are made up of two or more different
kinds of atoms.
• All compounds are molecules, but not all molecules
are compounds.
For example, water (H20) is a molecule and a
compound. N2 is a molecule, but not a
compound.
6. The formula for Vitamin C is C6H6O6. Name
the elements and the number of atoms of each
element in one molecule of Vitamin C.
6. The formula for Vitamin C is C6H6O6. Name
the elements and the number of atoms of each
element in one molecule of Vitamin C.
• Carbon (6 atoms)
• Hydrogen (6 atoms)
• Oxygen (6 atoms)
7. Can atoms be destroyed in a
chemical reaction?
7. Can atoms be destroyed in a
chemical reaction?
• No, not a chemical reaction.
• But in nuclear fusion and
fission…