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Transcript
Newton’s laws of Motion Work, Energy and Power Fluids Direct Current (DC) Nerve Conduction Instructor: Sujood Alazzam 2016/2017 Wave properties of light Ionizing Radiation CHAPTER OUTLINE Newton’s laws of Motion: 3.1 Force, Weight, and Gravitational Mass. 3.3 Newton’s first law. 3.4 Equilibrium 3.5 Newton’s third law 3.6 Newton’s second law 3.10 Weight. 3.12 friction. 9.2 The weight on a spring. 9.3 The physical pendulum. 2 Lecture 1: What is a force? 3 3.1 Force 4 What is a force? A force is an influence on a system or object which, acting alone, will cause the motion of the system or object to change. If a system or object at rest is subjected to a non-zero force it will start to move. We know that a force can be a push or a pull acting on an object. Force …the agency of change. …changes the velocity. …is a vector quantity. ...measured in Newton’s. 5 Cont. 6 There is a good chance that 2 forces can be acting on an object at any one time. Examples: Lifting something Dragging something 3.3 Newton’s First Law 7 Law of Inertia Newton’s 1st Law: “Every object continues in a state of rest, or of uniform motion in a straight line, unless it is compelled to change that state by forces acting upon it”. 8 An equivalent statement of the first law is that if there is no force on an object, or if there is no net force when two or more forces act on the object, then: an object at rest remains at rest, and an object in motion continues to move with constant velocity. 3.4 EQUILIBRIUM 9 Newton's first law tells us that the state of 10 motion of an object remains unchanged whenever the net force on the object is zero. This can happen if no forces act on an object. More commonly, it occurs because two or more forces acting on an object add to zero or "balance." When the state of motion of an object remains unchanged even though two or more forces act upon it, the object is said to be in equilibrium What is Net Force? F1 F2 F3 Fnet 11 When more than one force acts on a body, the net force (resultant force) is the vector combination of all the forces, i.e., the “net effect.” 3.5 Newton’s Second Law 12 The Sum of the Forces acting on a body is proportional to the acceleration that the body experiences F a F = (mass) a F ma Net Force 13 F x ma x Fy ma y Fz ma z 3.6 Newton’s Third Law 14 Action-Reaction For every action force there is an equal and opposite reaction force 15 16 17 18 19 20