Download Chapter 17 Checkpoint 1

Chapter 17 Checkpoint 1
• 1. The main function of the kidneys is the regulation of the intracellular
fluid. F
• 2. What structures carry urine from the kidneys to the urinary
bladder? ureters
• 3. What structure carries urine from the bladder to the outside? urethra
• 4. Damage to which of the following neurons would impair micturition?
A. parasympathetic neurons
B. sympathetic neurons
C. pudendal somatic motor neurons
*D. All of the choices are correct.
• 5. Which of the following is the correct order of the nephron tubule
structures?
A. distal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, proximal convoluted tubule,
Bowman's capsule
B. proximal convoluted tubule, Bowman's capsule, distal convoluted
tubule, loop of Henle
*C. Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, loop of Henle, distal
convoluted tubule
D. loop of Henle, Bowman's capsule, proximal convoluted tubule, distal
convoluted tubule
Checkpoint 2
• 1. Which of the following is NOT a potential filtration barrier in the
glomerular capsule?
A. glomerular basement membrane
B. capillary fenestrae
*C. parietal layer of the capsule
D. slit diaphragm
• 2. What is the net filtration pressure of the glomerular capillaries?
A. 10 mm Hg inward
B. 15 mm Hg outward
C. 15 mm Hg inward
*D. 10 mm Hg outward
• 3. The average glomerular filtration rate is _180 L/day__.
• 4. The ability of the kidneys to maintain a relatively constant GFR despite
fluctuating blood pressures is called _autoregulation__.
• 5. Hypotension would induce __________ of afferent arterioles.
A. constriction
*B. dilation
C. no change
Checkpoint 3
• 1. The minimum urine volume needed to excrete metabolic wastes
produced by the body is called the _obligatory water loss_.
• 2. The return of molecules from the tubules to the blood is
called _reabsorption_.
• 3. The proximal convoluted tubule reabsorbs approximately 65% of
water and ions salt entering it. (T/F)
• 4. As the tubular filtrate moves through the descending limb of the
loop of Henle, the osmolality of the filtrate increases. (T/F)
• 5. The __ascending__ limb of the loop of Henle is
impermeable to water.
• 6. The _descending__ limb of the loop of Henle is
impermeable to salt.
Checkpoint 4
• 1. The movement of molecules and ions from the peritubular
capillaries into interstitial fluid and then into the nephron tubule is
called _secretion__.
• 2. The ability of the kidneys to remove molecules from the blood
plasma by excreting them in the urine is known as
A. glomerular filtration.
*B. renal clearance.
C. micturition.
D. reabsorption.
• 3. Renal clearance is decreased by reabsorption and increased
by secretion. (T/F)
• 4. Inulin clearance is equal to the glomerular filtration
rate. (T/F)
• 5. The renal plasma clearance of a substance that is filtered
and secreted is _greater than_ the GFR.
Checkpoint 5
• 1. Inhibition of _aldosterone__ secretion from the adrenal cortex
stimulates hyperkalemia.
• 2. Granular cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatus respond to decreased
blood volume and increased sympathetic nerve activity by
secreting _renin__.
• 3. The presence of renin secreting tumors may cause
A. hypertension.
B. increased aldosterone secretion.
C. increased renal sodium reabsorption.
*D. All of the choices are correct.
• 4. Aldosterone secretion from the adrenal cortex is stimulated by a(n)
_decrease_ in blood Na+ or a(n) _increase_ in blood K+.
• 5. Bicarbonate must be converted to _carbon dioxide_ to move into tubule
cells to reduce blood pH.
Checkpoint 6
• 1. Hypertension and edema are often treated with diuretics. (T/F)
• 2. Loop diuretics such as Lasix
A. inhibit the actions of ADH.
B. add extra solutes to the filtrate.
*C. inhibit active transport of salt out of the ascending loop of Henle limb.
D. inhibit salt transport in the first section of the distal tubule.
• 3. Glomerulonephritis may result from destruction of the glomerular
capillary basement membrane. (T/F)
• 4. Renal insufficiency
A. stimulates metabolic alkalosis.
B. often results from dialysis.
*C. may occur as a result of arteriosclerosis.
D. stimulates hypokalemia.
Chapter 20 Checkpoint 1
• 1. Sertoli cells are stimulated by _FSH__, while Leydig cells are
stimulated by __LH__.
• 2. The Leydig cells of the testes constitute a blood-testis barrier that
prevents autoimmune destruction of the sperm. (T/F)
• 3. Sperm are stored and matured in the _epididymus_.
• 4. Emission and ejaculation are under parasympathetic nerve
control. (T/F)
Checkpoint 2
• 1. The corpus luteum secretes both estradiol and progesterone. (T/F)
• 2. What is it called when a mature follicle ruptures and ejects the oocyte
toward the uterine tube? __ovulation___
• 3. What hormone triggers ovulation? LH
• 4. The ___________ phase of the endometrium is supported when the
ovary is in the luteal phase.
A. proliferative
*B. secretory
C. menstrual
D. ovulatory
• 5. Pheromones are responsible for the dormitory effect of synchronized
menstrual cycles of females living together. (T/F)