Download Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits

Chapter 3: Benefits of Physical Activity
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Lesson Objectives:
• Describe some hypokinetic conditions.
• List some benefits of physical activity that contribute to
health and wellness.
• Explain, using examples, how physical activity is related
to hyperkinetic conditions.
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Question
People who do little or no physical activity tend to
suffer more health problems than active people.
These health problems are known as
hypokinetic conditions, or conditions caused by
too little physical activity. What are some
examples of hypokinetic conditions?
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Answer
Some examples of hypokinetic conditions are
• cardiovascular diseases,
• Type II diabetes,
• osteoporosis,
• some forms of cancer,
• back problems, and
• obesity.
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Question
Diseases of the cardiovascular system are major
hypokinetic conditions. How do the heart, lungs,
and blood vessels work together when you are
healthy? Use the picture to help you answer.
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Answer
• Heart pumps blood into arteries (left side).
• Healthy arteries carry blood with oxygen to
the muscles and other body tissues.
• The muscles and body tissues use oxygen.
• Veins carry blood back to the heart.
• Heart pumps blood to pulmonary
artery (right side).
• Lungs provide oxygen to the body.
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Question
Can you describe the cardiovascular problems
listed below?
• atherosclerosis
• heart attack
• high blood pressure
(hypertension)
• stroke
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Answer
Atherosclerosis is clogging of the arteries,
especially an artery in the heart muscle.
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Answer (continued)
A heart attack occurs when a clogged artery in the
heart muscle becomes totally blocked (by a clot)
so that oxygen is no longer supplied to the heart
muscle (also called coronary thrombosis).
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Answer (continued)
High blood pressure occurs when
• the pressure in your arteries becomes too high.
• the arteries are clogged causing the pressure to
rise.
High blood pressure is also called hypertension.
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Answer (continued)
There are two types of blood pressure.
Systolic pressure is
• the higher of the two numbers.
• the pressure in the arteries right after the heart
beats (highest pressure in artery; normal = 120).
Diastolic pressure is
• the lower of the two numbers.
• the pressure in the arteries just before the heart
beats (lowest pressure in artery; normal = 80).
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Answer (continued)
Stroke is a condition that occurs when a blood
vessel in the brain is blocked or ruptured so that
oxygen is not supplied to the brain tissues.
Factors that contribute to stroke include
• high blood pressure and
• atherosclerosis.
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Question
What are the risk factors for cardiovascular
disease?
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Answer
Some of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease
are
• sedentary living,
• a high-fat diet,
• cigarette smoking, and
• high blood pressure.
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Question
What is diabetes? There are two types of
diabetes—do you know the difference?
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Answer
Diabetes is
• too much sugar in the blood and
• having too little insulin to help control blood
sugar (Type I), or
• not being able to use insulin to control blood
sugar (Type II).
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Question
What forms of cancer are considered to be
hypokinetic conditions?
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Answer
Forms of cancer considered to be hypokinetic
conditions include
• colon cancer and
• breast cancer.
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Question
What is osteoporosis?
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Answer
Osteoporosis is
• low bone density,
• weak bones caused by low bone density,
• a condition that can result in bone fractures, and
• a condition that gets worse as you get older.
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Question
Some people who are overweight or obese do not
do any physical activity. What health concerns
are heightened for people who are obese?
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Answer
Obese people have a higher risk of
• cardiovascular disease,
• joint problems, and
• Type II diabetes.
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Question
What health problems might be caused from doing
too much exercise? (These problems are known
as hyperkinetic conditions.)
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Answer
Some hyperkinetic conditions (conditions caused
by too much physical activity) include
• bone and joint problems (fractures,
inflammation),
• muscle soreness or strains,
• activity neurosis (see next question), and
• body image disorder (see later question).
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Question
What is activity neurosis?
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Answer
A neurosis is being overly fearful or concerned
about something. So a person with activity
neurosis
• would not want to miss a single exercise
session,
• would fear becoming out of shape or overweight,
and
• would exercise even when he or she was hurting
or sick.
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Question
What are characteristics of a body image disorder?
Lesson 3.1: Health and Wellness Benefits
Answer
A person with a body image disorder
• sets unrealistic expectations to try to achieve an
ideal or perfect body.
• is often dissatisfied when goals are met.
• does too much exercise to try to achieve
unrealistic goals.
Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test
Question
What are some of the items in the Healthy Back
Test?
Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test
Answer
Some of the items in the Healthy Back Test:
• Single-leg lift (prone) for back and hip muscles
Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test
Answer (continued)
• Single-leg lift (supine) for hamstring muscles
Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test
Answer (continued)
• Knee to chest for tightness of hip muscles
Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test
Answer (continued)
• Curl-up for
abdominal muscles
Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test
Answer (continued)
• Trunk lift and hold for
back muscles
Self-Assessment 3: Healthy Back Test
Answer (continued)
• Back to wall for lower back
and hip muscles