Download Standard and Essential Question

Standard and Essential Question
• S6E2c. Relate the tilt of the earth to the
distribution of sunlight throughout the year
and its effect on climate.
How does the tilt of the earth affect the
seasons and Earth’s climate?
Standard and Essential Question
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=q4_R1vnJyw&feature=youtu.be
https://www.teachervision.com/winter/video/73032.html#prett
yPhoto[flash]/0/
https://www.youtube.com/watch/?v=r-dtBfkzyl0
Tilt of the Axis- always points in the same
direction
Standard and Essential Question
• S6E2c. Relate the tilt of the earth to the
distribution of sunlight throughout the year
and its effect on climate.
How does the tilt of the earth affect the
seasons and Earth’s climate?
The Seasons
1. What is the difference
between rotation and
revolution ?
2. What causes the
earth’s seasons ?
3. What is the position
of earth during each
season?
4. How does Earth’s tilt
cause temperature
differences in the
seasons ?
Rotation vs. Revolution
The Earth’s Axis
The axis always points to the star
Polaris.
Rotation vs. Revolution
Rotation
Rotation:
• The Earth makes one
complete rotation in 24
hours.
• Causes us to have day and
night.
Rotation
Animation:
http://www.le
arner.org/jnor
th/images/gra
phics/mclass/
SunlightAnima
tion_Year.gif
Revolution
Revolution:
• An object traveling on a path
around another object.
• The Earth traveling around the
sun.
• The Earth REVOLVES around
the sun
• One revolution takes
approximately 365 days ( 1
year)
• The Earth’s revolution around
the sun is why we have years
and seasons.
In the box on your
notes, draw the
Earth revolving
around the sun.
What causes the Earth’s
Seasons ?
What causes the Earth’s
Seasons ?
• The earth is divided by
the equator into two
halves called
hemispheres ( North
and South)
What causes the Earth’s Seasons ?
• Earth’s orbit + the way that
the Earth tilts on its axis
causes the seasons.
• The sun’s rays strike Earth
unevenly- at different
angles at different times of
the year
Position of Earth
The seasons are always opposite in
Earth’s Northern and Southern
Hemispheres.
Position of Earth
• Summer: the hemisphere pointing towards
the sun.
• Winter: in the hemisphere pointing away
from the sun.
• Fall/Spring: when both hemispheres are
facing the sun equally.
Position of Earth
Northern Hemisphere tilts towards the sun=
summer in N. Hemisphere
winter in S. Hemisphere
Southern Hemisphere tilts towards the sun=
summer in Southern Hemisphere
winter in Northern Hemisphere
Position of Earth
• Two points where axis is not tilted away or toward
the sun. These points mark the beginning of fall and
spring
• Fall in Northern Hemisphere, Spring in Southern
Hemisphere
• Spring in Northern Hemisphere, Fall in Southern
Hemisphere
Position of Earth
1. When it is fall in the Northern Hemisphere, what
season is in the Southern Hemisphere?
2. When it is winter in the Northern Hemisphere, what
season is in the Southern Hemisphere?
3. When it is spring in the Northern hemisphere, what
season is it in the Southern hemisphere?
4. When it is fall in the Southern Hemisphere, what
season is it in the Northern Hemisphere?
Opposite Seasons
Fill in the blank for what season it
would be in the southern hemisphere.
Hemisphere
Northern
Spring Summer Fall
Hemisphere
Winter
The seasons are always opposite in
Southern
Earth’s Northern and Southern
Hemisphere
Hemispheres.
What causes the Earth’s
Seasons ?
What causes the
Earth’s Seasons ?
Flashlight Activity
• The sun’s rays deliver the most energy when Direct
What causes the
Earth’s Seasons ?
What causes the
Earth’s Seasons ?
Position of Earth
September 22 or 23
June 21 or 22
December 21 or 22
March 20 or 21
Position of Earth
`
What causes the
Earth’s Seasons ?
Temperature and Daylight
• The sun’s rays deliver the most energy when Direct
Temperature and Daylight
• During Winter, sunlight is •
Less direct, meaning the
area receives less Energy
from the sun
During Summer,
sunlight is More direct,
meaning the area
receives more Energy
from the sun
Flashlight Activity
• The sun’s rays deliver the most energy when Direct
Temperature and Daylight
• The amount of daylight also changes with the seasons.
Temperature and Daylight
• The amount of daylight also changes with the seasons.
– In the Northern Hemisphere, from Dec. 21st to June
21st the period of daylight gets longer, from June 21
to Dec. 21st, the period of daylight gets shorter
Temperature and Daylight
Temperature and Daylight
• The amount of daylight also changes with the seasons.
Summer
Winter
More
hours of
daylight
Less hours
of daylight
Sun Heats
surface
longer
Sun heats
surface for
a shorter
amount of
time
Temperatures
higher
Temperatures
lower
Temperature and Daylight
• The amount of daylight also changes with the seasons.
Exceptions to the Seasons
• Many parts of the earth do not
have distinct seasons
– Places near the equator:
receive direct sunlight all
year long, so temperatures
remain high
– The north and south poles:
get less direct sunlight from
farther poles, so even in
summer, these places are
still cold.
Exceptions to the Seasons
Climate: average, year-after-year
conditions of temperature,
precipitation of an area.
Influenced by latituide, ocean
currents, near land/water.
Exceptions to the Seasons
3 temperature zones:
Tropical zone: around equator,
extending to 23.5*N and 23.5*S.
Warm climate because direct
sunlight all year round.
Polar zones: near poles from 66.5*90*S and 66.5*-90* N
cold climate b/c receives
sunlight at an angle.
Temperate Zones: weather that
ranges from warm in summer to
cold in winter. Between 23.5 & 66.5.
Exceptions to the Seasons
Marine climates: warm winters and
cool summers because large bodies
of water cool down slowly and heat
up slowly.
* also because of ocean currents.
Continental climates: cold winters
and hot summers b/c no water.
Exceptions to the Seasons
Seasons change as the amount of
energy that each hemisphere
receives from the sun changes.