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Transcript
Galileo, Galileo • Telescopes were first invented around the year 1600. • Galileo Galilei was an early astronomer who first used telescopes to view objects in our solar system. • He made many important discoveries including: the moon was covered in mountains and Jupiter had 4 large moons. Modern Telescopes • Telescopes are instruments that collect and focus light and other forms of electromagnetic radiation. • Electromagnetic radiation is the invisible energy waves on the electromagnetic spectrum. • A telescope that uses lenses and mirrors to collect and focus visible light is called an optical telescope. • The two main types of optical telescopes are refracting telescopes and reflecting telescopes. Electromagnetic Spectrum Refracting vs. Reflecting telescopes REFRACTING REFLECTING • A refracting telescope, or refractor, is a telescope that uses glass lenses to collect and focus light into an image • A reflecting telescope, or reflector, uses mirrors instead of glass lenses. • These glass lenses bends light rays to focus them. • These were the earliest type of telescopes, used by Galileo to study objects in our solar system • The mirrors bounce light rays to focus them. • These were developed by Sir Isaac Newton around 1670. • The majority of telescopes used today are reflectors Radio Telescopes • Simply put, radio telescopes are different from reflecting or refracting telescopes in that • they detect radio waves instead of light waves Telescopes in SPACE • Since Earth’s atmosphere blocks many wavelengths of invisible light, astronomers have placed telescopes in space. • These telescopes include the Hubble Space Telescope, the Chandra X-Ray Observatory, and the Spitzer Space Telescope. • These different telescopes each observe a different wavelength on the electromagnetic spectrum (the spectrum of all visible and invisible light). Which is Which? Use your textbook to find the differences between the following three: Hubble Space Telescope Chandra X-Ray Observatory Spitzer Space Telescope