Download Atmosphere Study Guide

CRCT QUESTION
The air pressure acting upon the roof
of your house
A. comes from the air within a few
feet of your roof.
B. is greater on top of the roof
than below it .
C. comes from every direction
around your roof.
D. is greater underneath your roof
than on top of it.
CORNY JOKE OF THE DAY
What makes
music on your
head?
A head Band
WEEK AT A GLANCE
Monday: No School
Tuesday: Test
Wednesday: Workday and preview
Weather
HW: Make sure project is ready to go!
Thursday: Cloud Notes, Project due AT
THE END OF THE DAY
HW: None
OCEAN PROJECTS
Overall, great job!!!!
Very high scores 
Circled score is your
SUMMATIVE average for the
project!
QUIZ ANSWERS
10 points
each
Great study
tool for test!
PART 1.
WIND CLASSWORK
ANSWERS
http://www.coolweather.co.uk/
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Land heats up faster than water.
Warm air over land rises.
Air over water moves to shore.
Would occur during the day.
Named a SEA breeze because it comes from the
sea.
http://www.coolweather.co.uk/
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Land cools off faster than water.
Warm air over water rises.
Cool air from land takes its place.
Would occur at night.
Called a LAND breeze because the wind is
coming from the land.
CLOSER LOOK AT LOCAL
WIND
When Air WARMS up
 When air heats up, it loses mass and becomes less
dense.
 The air becomes more spread out
 Because of this, warm air will rise
When Air COOLS down
 When air cools down, it gains mass and becomes
more dense
 The air will sink
ANIMATED VERSION
http://www.classzone.com/books/earth_science/terc/c
ontent/visualizations/es1903/es1903page01.cfm
Polar Easterlies
Poles to 60˚
Moist air
United States
30˚ to 60˚
Westerlies
Trade Winds
Cold air
More dense=sink
Early Sailors
30˚ to equator
GLOBAL OR LOCAL WIND ?????
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Air over land is cooler and forms an area of high
pressure. The cool air moves toward the ocean.
Polar Easterlies
Generally moves over short distances
Jet stream
Caused by unequal heating over a large area
Can blow from any direction
Land breeze
Is effected by the Coriolis Effect
Caused by unequal heating within a small area
Valley breeze
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
The Doldrums
Blows from a specific direction from day to day
Sea breeze
Horse latitude
Effected by local geographic features
Westerlies
Caused because the angle of the sun giving the
equator more direct sunlight
Mountain breeze
Trade winds
During the day, air over the ocean is cooler and
forms an area of high pressure. The cool air
flows to the land
PART 2.
Atmosphere flow chart
Helpful hint:
Atmosphere
Properties
Layers
Heat transfer
PART 3.
ATMOSPHERE
STUDY
GUIDE
1. WHAT ARE THE
TWO MOST ABUNDANT ELEMENTS
IN THE ATMOSPHERE (PERCENTAGE)?
1. Nitrogen – 78%
2. Oxygen – 21%
2. WHAT IS WATER VAPOR?
Water that is in a
form

gas
source of water:
vapor:
evaporation from
Earth’s surface
This satellite image
shows the relative
amounts of water
vapor: Dark – low
water, white – high
water vapor
3. WHAT IS AIR PRESSURE AND WHY DOES IT
OCCUR?
Air
has pressure because
it has mass
Air pressure is the
measure of the amount
of force the air has
4. LIST
THE LAYERS OF THE ATMOSPHERE FROM
EARTH’S SURFACE TO SPACE.
Troposphere – Stratosphere – Mesosphere - Thermosphere
5. WHAT ARE
GLOBAL WINDS AND GIVE THREE
EXAMPLES?
Blow from a specific direction year round.
 Cover a large area
 Curve due to the Coriolis Effect
 Caused by the unequal heating of the earth’s surface
 the equator gets more direct sunlight causing the air to rise
at the equator and sink at the poles.

Examples – trade winds, jet stream,
westerlies, and easterlies
6. WHAT IS THE GREENHOUSE
EFFECT?
The warming of the surface and lower atmosphere of
Earth
 Occurs when water vapor, carbon dioxide, and other
gases absorb thermal energy from the sun and do not
allow the heat to escape back into space. (Like a
greenhouse)
 There are Increasing levels of carbon dioxide due to the
burning of fossil fuels

7. WHERE DOES AIR POLLUTION COME
FROM?
The burning of fossil fuels
Causes: Smog and Acid rain
8. WHAT ARE
LOCAL WINDS AND GIVE TWO
EXAMPLES?
Local winds are wind that blow over short distances
 Come from any direction
 Examples – sea and land breezes

9. WHAT IS THE CORIOLIS EFFECT?
The apparent curving of the path of a moving object from
an otherwise straight path due to the Earth’s rotation.
 Northern Hemisphere: clockwise
 Southern Hemisphere: counter-clockwise

10. WHAT CAUSES WIND?
Difference in air pressure due to the
unequal heating of the Earth’s surface
11. EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
LAND AND SEA BREEZES.
Land Breeze
Sea Breeze
At Night
During the Day
Land cools faster than
water
Warm air over the water rises
and cool air from the land
replaces it.
Land warms faster than
water
Air over the land then rises
and cool air from sea
replaces it.
12. WHAT IS THE FORMULA FOR
DENSITY?
Density = mass/volume
13. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
A BAROMETER AND AN ANEMOMETER?
Barometer
air pressure
measures
Anemometer
measure wind speed
14. DEFINE
RADIATION, CONDUCTION, AND
CONVECTION. GIVE TWO EXAMPLES OF EACH.
 Radiation-
Doesn’t need a substance. Transfer of
energy through electromagnetic waves (ex. –
campfire, sun’s radiant energy)
 Convection
– transfer of energy through a fluid
(gas or liquid) (ex. – oven, boiling water in a pot)
 Conduction
– transfer of energy through a
material/solid (iron, stove)
15. HOW ARE THE LAYERS OF THE
ATMOSPHERE CLASSIFIED?
By changes in temperature
16. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
VOLUME AND MASS?
Volume
is the amount of space
something occupies
Mass
amount of matter in an
object
17. EXPLAIN THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
WARM AND COLD AIR AND THEIR
DENSITY.
 Warm
air is less dense than
cold air
 Warm
air will create low
pressure area and rise
 Cold
air will create high
pressure areas and will
replace warm air
18. HOW DOES PRESSURE
EFFECT DENSITY?
Greater pressure =higher
density=sink
Lower Pressure=lower
desnity=rise
19. WHAT HAPPENS TO AIR PRESSURE
AS YOU INCREASE WITH ALTITUDE?
It
decreases
The most
pressure is
at the
surface!
20. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE
BETWEEN LOCAL AND GLOBAL WINDS?

Both are caused by unequal heating of Earth’s surface.
Local Wind
Global Wind
Small area
Large Area
Any direction
Predictable patterns
Sea breeze
Coriolis Effect
Land breeze
Equator getting more
DIRECT
sunlight
Local wind blows in any direction over short distances
and are caused by unequal heating in a small area.
Global wind blow over long distances in predictable
patterns and are effected by the Coriolis Effect. They
are caused because the equator gets more direct
sunlight and the air rises at the equator and sinks at
the poles