Download Chemical Nomenclature and Formulas: What*s in a Name?

Chemical Nomenclature
and Formulas: What’s in
a Name?
LOL
ASAP
FYI
BRB
Binary Compounds—
Writing Chemical
formulas
1) Cation, Anion
2) Write oxidation number/charge on each
element.
3) Balance charges by the smallest common
multiplier between the two elements.
Charges must add to 0 for a neutral
compound.
4) Add the subscripts for each element in the
chemical compound.
Example 1: Magnesium
bromide
Example 2: Aluminum
oxide
5) If the first element is a transition
element, the oxidation number or
charge of the element is given by a
Roman numeral (I, II, III, IV, etc.)
following the element name.
Exceptions: Ag+1 and Zn+2—they will
always have these charges.
Example 3: Tin (IV)
sulfide
Example 2: Mercury (II)
fluoride
Example 4: Iron (III) oxide
Try…..
1) Calcium chloride
2) Copper (I) oxide
3) Sodium bromide
4) Potassium sulfide
5) Calcium oxide
Binary Compounds—
Writing Chemical
formulas (Cont.)
6) If a binary compound has a prefix or
prefixes in front of an element name,
these prefixes are the subscripts for that
element in the chemical formula.
Prefixes represent the number of
element atoms present in a molecule of
the chemical compound.
Prefixes
 1 mono
6 hexa
 2 di
7 hepta
 3 tri
8 octa
 4 tetra
9 nona
 5 penta
10 deca
Example 1: Carbon
tetrachloride
Example 2: Diphosphorus
trioxide
Polyatomic Chemical
Compounds—Writing
Chemical Formulas.
1) Cation, Anion—reference table
2) Write the oxidation number/charge on each element and
polyatomic ion.
3) Balance charges by the smallest common multiplier
between the cation and anion. Charges must add to 0 for a
neutral compound.
4) Add the subscripts for each element/polyatomic ion to the
chemical compound.
*Polyatomic ions: place polyatomic ions in parentheses
when adding subscript (ex. (NO3)2)
Example 1: Silver nitrate
Example 2: Magnesium
acetate
Example 3: Calcium
carbonate
Example 4: Ammonium
chloride
Can we go in
reverse?
Binary Compounds:
Chemical Nomenclature
1) Write an element’s oxidation number over
the element symbol.
2) Cation, Anion—write the element name
3) Add the ending -IDE to the second
element/anion
Example 1: Al2S3
Example 2: CaBr2
Transition Elements
4) Place a Roman numeral matching
the charge/oxidation # on an element
after the positive element’s name.
Roman numeral is put in () (ex. (II)).
Roman numeral indicates the
oxidation number on an element can
vary.
-Go back to Step #3
Example 1: CuS
Example 2: CoBr2
5) If both elements are found on
the RIGHT side of the periodic
table, use the appropriate prefix for
a given element.
-Go back to Step #3
Example 1: SBr3
Example 2: CCl4
Compounds with
Polyatomic Ions:
Chemical Nomenclature
1) Write oxidation # for each element/polyatomic ion
in the formula
2) Write the element and/or polyatomic ion names.
3) If a transition element (an element where the
oxidation # varies), use a Roman numeral to indicate
an element’s oxidation # in the chemical name.
 *NO –IDE ENDING!!!!
Example 1: Sr(NO3)2
Example 2: CuSO4
Homework 9/25
 Inorganic Nomenclature worksheet
 Read over lab procedure for Thursday
 Liquid Chromatography Lab due Thursday
 Study for Element/Polyatomic quiz next Tuesday,
October 3rd