Download Asia

Asia
The Final Frontier
Note:
 We will be covering many of these concepts in more broad
terms than I would like. Asia is a complicated region with a
complex and diverse group of people.
In your notebooks…
 Agree/Disagree
 Do you agree or disagree with the following quote? Write a four
sentence response arguing your position.
 Lead the people by laws and regulate them by punishments, and the people
will simply try to keep out of jail, but will have no sense of shame. Lead the
people by virtue… and they will have a sense of shame and moreover will
become good.
Foundations of Chinese Civilization
Main Ideas
• The social disorder of the warring states contributed to the
development of three Chinese ethical systems
 Confucianism, legalism, Daoism, and, Buddhism had a strong
influence on China
Terms to know
 Daoism
 Confucianism
 Legalism
 Mandate of Heaven
 Note: this semester has covered religion extensively. By now you
should also be familiar with these religions/philosophies as well
 Islam
 Judaism
 Buddhism
 Christianity
 Hinduism
China Now (We are not here yet)
Before Confucius
 Mandate of Heaven as a justification for rule and overthrow of
declining families
Daoism
 Strives to become
one with nature,
and believes in
following “the
way”
Legalism
 Creator: Hanfeizi
 The nature of man is evil. Everyone is greedy
 Believes in strict laws, harsh punishments, and that
the state is the ultimate authority
 Can this be considered a religion? Is this a good guiding
principle for a person/society?
Confucianism
 Analects of Confucius
 Focus on worldly goals,
social order, and good
government
Dynasties in China
Intro
 Dynasty definition
 Mandate of heaven
 Stability
Know this.
China During 1800’s
 Ming Dynasty
 Resistant to the west
 Boxer Rebellion
 Opium Wars
 Eventually   Open Door Policy (late 1800’s)
Japan During 19th Century
 Eager to westernize
 Meiji Restoration
 Leads to westernization and modernization
• Why?
• Fear of western dominance led to attempts to become more
imperialistic.
• Would eventually lead to invasion of Manchuria in 1930’s
• This is important.
Communism in China
 Mao Zedong
 Maoism
 Different from Leninism and Marxism
o Marxism- Proletariat will rise to overthrow the system
o Leninism- Proletariat will be led by a group of elite to overthrow
the system
o Maoism- communist revolution will come from the countryside
with the peasants
Chinese Civil War
 Nationalists vs. Communists
 Nationalists led by Sun Yat Sen and Chiang Kai Shek
 Initially had the upper hand but then
  Long March
o Communists gain reinforcements and gain the upper hand
 China becomes communist country
Communist Policies in China
 DURING MAO
 Great Leap Forward
 Series of five year plans to rapidly industrialize China
 Large failure
 Cultural Revolution
 Done in order to get rid of old Chinese culture
 AFTER MAO
 Four Modernizations
 Capitalist policies
 Open up economy
 Successful, but leads to calls for democracy
o Tiananmen Square