Download 25 Voyages of Discovery

Global II
Chapter 15, Section 1
Voyages of Exploration
READ Pgs. 349 – 355
Objectives
5.1 Describe the new technology that helped
Europeans explore the oceans of the world
5.2 Explain why Portugal and Spain led the way
in Exploration
5.3 Discuss which other nations explored the
coast of N. America
Lesson Launch

Directions: Please discuss with a partner the
following question


During the Renaissance why might France,
Spain, England, and Portugal have an issue
with current trade routes?
Who has a monopoly on trade during the
Renaissance?
All
trade goes through Italy!!
Motivations for Exploration = 3 G’s

GOLD






Actual Gold – but also general wealth
Europe needed gold/silver to fuel the rising banking
system
Europeans also desired spices from Asia
Other natural resources sold for profit (timber,
sugar, tobacco, ivory, etc.)
The idea that there is only so much wealth out
there and that you must have the most to be
powerful (Mercantilism)
Mercantilism (New Economic System) – Replaces
Guild System. Gain wealth to support Nations
Economy.
Review

Who had a monopoly on trade during the
Renaissance?

What is the first motivating “G” for
Exploration?
Motivations for Exploration = 3 G’s

GLORY
A new idea in Europe for the nation-state
 Came from Renaissance ideal of Humanism
and focus on individual
 With printing press one could gain fame
through actions!
 Individual kings wanted glory for their
kingdoms=competition spreads = Colonial
Rivalries.

Motivations for Exploration = 3 G’s

GOD
Europeans saw spreading Christianity a
good thing = to “save souls”
 Competition springs up during Reformation
 Colonization is a race to convert native
peoples to a particular branch of Christianity
 Jesuits (Catholics) are some of the most
active

Improvements in Sea Travel

Countries interested in breaking the
trade monopoly of Italian city-states!
A.
Traveler’s reports ~ Marco Polo ~ Arab geographers

More accurate sea and land maps (latitude & longitude)
3 Masted Caravel
Astrolabe: instrument that measuredAstrolabe
position of
stars
Improved magnetic compass
Better ships suited for ocean voyage
B.
C.
D.

3 masted caravel
Monarchs sponsor voyages
E.

Hopes of Riches
Prince Henry the Navigator

Starts expeditions for 4 reasons:
1.
2.
3.
4.

Create maps of West Africa
Maps needed to defeat the Muslims
Spread Christianity
Establish Trade routes
Prince Henry the Navigator
Portuguese Explorations

Want to rid themselves of middle man

Prince Henry

School for sailors


Sets up trade along West Coast of Africa


Combined European and Islamic ship technologies
Gold & Ivory “Gold Coast”
Cape of Good Hope
Dias – First to round tip
 DaGama – Reaches India


Portugal close to trade empire
Spain

Goals
Need Profits from spice trade
 Spread Christianity


Columbus
Sail west – Asia in two months
 Opens doors for colonization

Line of Demarcations (1494)
Settled a dispute between Spanish &
Portuguese monarchies.
 Both devoutly Line
catholic
= use Pope to
of Demarcation
settle dispute

All lands west – Spain
 All lands east – Portugal

Spanish
Portuguese

What new technologies helped
Europeans explore the oceans of the
world?

Why did Portugal and Spain lead the
way in Exploration?
Treaty of Tordesillas

Treaty of Tordesillas
Explorers

Amerigo Vespucci


Vasco de Balboa


Realizes land found by Columbus “New
World”
First to find Pacific
Ferdinand Magellan

First trip around world
Northwest Passage

Search for it Increases knowledge of
New World
Closure

What new technology helped Europeans
explore the oceans of the world?

Why did Portugal and Spain led the way in
Exploration?

Which other nations explored the coast of N.
America?
Homework!
Mercantilism
What
changes did the
policy of mercantilism
bring to Europe?
Pg 368 - 369
Improved
Ships pg 350
National
Rivalries
Mapping
Pg 349-50
Technology
Pg 350
Reasons
for
European
Expansion
Prince
Henry pg 350
Funding by
Monarchs