Download 6 kingdoms

What kind of organisms are
these?
6 KINGDOMS
EUBACTERIA
• Most bacteria belong to
this kingdom
• Streptococcus, E. coli,
nitrogen-fixing bacteria
• Once part of kingdom
Monera
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•
unicellular
Prokaryotic
Most heterotrophic
Asexual reproduction
No complex organ
systems
Why are Bacteria important?
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Nitrogen fixation
Decomposition
Help aid in digestion
Flavor cheese, sour
cream, yogurt
• chemosynthesis
HOWEVER:
 Some bacteria cause
disease (pathogenic)
ARCHAEBACTERIA
 Means “ancient bacteria”
 Thought to be some of
oldest living things
 Live in harsh
environments such as hot
acidic springs or deep in
the ocean near hot vents
 Carry out chemosynthesis
(most autotrophic)
 Used to be part of
kingdom Monera
 Unicellular, prokaryotic,
asexual reproduction
PROTISTA
 Protozoa: “first animal”
 Eukaryotic
 Unicellular
 Fresh & salt water
habitats & moist soil
 Some parasitic
 Heterotrophic
 Sexual & asexual
reproduction
 Most motile
• No complex organ
systems
AUTOTROPHIC PROTISTS
• Seaweeds, diatoms,
dinoflagellates, algae
• Make their own food
• Some unicellular,
some multicellular
• Some systems place
them in PLANT
kingdom
• But no true leaves,
roots, stems, seeds
FUNGI
 Mushrooms, molds,
mildews
 Most multicellular
 Eukaryotic
 Nonmotile
 Heterotrophic
 Cell walls
 Reproduce by spores
 HYPHAE filaments
that secrete enymes
for digesting food
(mycelium: intertwined
hyphae)
Why are Fungi important?
 Decomposition
 Edible/food
 Antibiotics
However:
 Some carry diseases
(ringworm, athlete’s
foot)
 Some destroy crops
(rusts & smuts)
PLANTAE
• Grasses, weeds,
flowers, shrubs,
trees
• Multicellular
• eukaryotic
• Autotrophic/
photosynthesis
• Nonmotile
• Sexual & asexual
reproduction
ANIMALIA
• Sponges, jellyfish,
worms, squid, clams,
insects, crabs, starfish,
fish, frogs, reptiles,
birds, mammals
• Multicellular
• Eukaryotic
• Heterotrophic
• Motile
• Sexual reproduction
A Classification Dilemma
• This organism is an Euglena…
• It’s unicellular…mobile…eats other
organisms…contains chlorophyll…makes its own food
• Where does it belong??
PROTISTA
And what about Viruses??
Are they alive??
LIVING
CHARACTERISTICS
• Organized: head, tail,
nucleic acid
• Contain DNA or RNA
• contain a PROTEIN coat
• Adapt (protein coat for
protection; can mutate)
• Viruses can reproduce
(make more of
itself…BUT…
NON LIVING
CHARACTERISTICS
• Need HOST organism to
make more viral parts &
function at all
• Replicate rather than
reproduce
• Don’t grow
• Don’t develop
• Don’t respond (antibiotics
nor other drugs don’t
work on viruses
STRUCTURE OF VIRUSES
BACTERIAL
VIRUSES
ANIMAL VIRUSES
PLANT VIRUSES
VIRAL DISEASES
ANIMAL
PLANT
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•
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Influenza (flu)
Common cold
Mumps
measles
Chicken pox
Herpes
HIV
Tobacco mosaic
Alfalfa mosaic
Lettuce mosaic
Potato X
Tomato bushy stunt
Citrus psoriasis
Grapevine fanleaf
Viral Infection
LYTIC VIRUS
• enter host cell…begin
making parts immediately
(flu or mumps virus)
LYSOGENIC VIRUS
• Enter host cell; but
remains inactive for
period of time (HIV,
herpes viruses)
VACCINE….weakened form of the virus …injected into a
Person to stimulate an immune response
WANTED POSTER
• You will be assigned an organism
• You need to find a picture (mug shot)
• You need to include the following information on the
poster:
• Price (on its head)
• Kingdom it belongs to
• Phylum it belongs to (*you may also need to know
the class)
• 3 characteristics
• Location (where does it live?)
• How does it feed?