Download Economic Geography

Economic
Geography
Economic Activities
• Primary:
– Uses natural resources directly
– Usually located at the site of natural resources
• Secondary:
– Manufacturing
– Usually located close to the resource or close to
market
Economic Activities
• Tertiary:
– Services
– Located near the customer
• Quaternary:
– Process and distribute information
– Located anywhere
Economic Systems
• Subsistence Economy:
–Also called Traditional economy
–Good made for personal use, little
surplus, or exchange of goods
–Usually found in rural or poor areas
Economic Systems
• Market Economy:
– Specialization of production
– free enterprise – competition in market drives
price and production
– capitalism – businesses, industries, resources
privately owned
– Located in the United States and Western
Nations
Economic Systems
• Command Economy:
–Govt. determines production and
price
–Communist system – Govt. controls
means of production
–Located in Soviet Union 1917 – 1991;
Today – Cuba, North Korea
Developed v. Developing
Countries
• Developed
– Good infrastructure*, global market
economies
– U.S., Canada, most of Europe, Japan,
Australia, New Zealand
• Developing
– Poor infrastructure*, local market and
subsistence economies
– Africa, some of Asia, some of Latin America
Political Geography
• National Boundaries
– Natural Boundaries
• Mountains, rivers, etc.
– Cultural Boundaries
• Border based on cultural traits
• Ireland/Northern Ireland
– Geometric Boundaries
• Straight lines
• U.S./ Canada
Political Geography
• International Cooperation
– Political and military cooperation
• United Nations (U.N.)
• North Atlantic Treaty Organization
(NATO)
Political Geography
–Economic cooperation
• World Trade Organization
• European Union
• North American Free Trade Agreement
(NAFTA)