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Date of Exam: ________________
Unit 1 Study Guide
For each of the following human body systems list the main purpose:
System
Purpose
Digestive System
System that breaks down food into nutrients that can be used
by the body
Respiratory System
System that provides gas exchange between the blood and the
air
Excretory System
System that filters out cellular wastes, toxins and excess water
Circulatory System
System that transports blood to all parts of the body
Nervous System
System that receives stimuli from inside and outside the body
and then initiates responses for survival
Muscular System
System that provides movement
Integumentary System
Covers the body and provides protection
Skeletal System
System that provides support for the body to protect internal
organs and provide an attachment site for muscles
Define the following terms:
Term
Definition
Qualitative Observation
Observations made using only the five senses and refer to
specific properties.
Quantitative Observation
Observations that use numbers, amounts or “more than/ less
than”
Sample
Portion of the total. The number of people/ items in a test group.
Trial
Each set of repeated data. At least three should be done to be
considered valid.
Inference
An explanation or interpretation of an observation based of
prior experiences or supported by observations made in the
investigation.
Independent Variable
The manipulated variable in an experiment. Located on the X
axis of a graph
Dependent Variable
The responding variable in an experiment. Located on the Y axis
of a graph
Answer the following questions:
1. What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscles?
Voluntary muscles you have control over while involuntary muscles you cannot control.
2. Which types of muscles are considered to be voluntary?
Skeletal Muscles
3. Which type of muscles are considered to be involuntary?
Cardiac (heart) and Smooth (other organs)
4. Where are blood cells created in the body?
In the long bones of the skeletal system
5. How does the skeletal system help the circulatory system?
By making blood cells in the bones for the circulatory system
6. What connects skeletal muscle to bone?
Tendon
7. What does the circulatory system transport for the respiratory system?
Oxygen and Carbon dioxide between the lungs and the rest of the body
8. How does the nervous system help the muscular system?
Controls all types (voluntary/ involuntary) of muscles to direct their movement in the body
9. What is the correct order of the organizational levels?
Cells – Tissues – Organs – Organ System - Organism
10. What makes up the Central Nervous System (CNS)?
The brain and spinal cord
Label the drawing with all of the organs and state the function of the organ:
System
Organ Function
Digestive System:
 Mouth


Esophagus


Stomach


Small intestines


Large intestines


Rectum


Anus

Liver

Produces Bile

Gallbladder



Pancreas
Stores Bile
Produces other gastric
Juices
Starts the initial
breakdown of food
Brings food from the
mouth to the stomach
Breaks down food using
acid
Absorbs nutrients into
the blood stream
Absorbs water into the
blood stream
Stores solid waste til it is
eliminated out of the
anus
Drawing
Respiratory System:
 Nose


Trachea


Bronchi


Lungs


Alveoli

Excretory/ Urinary System:
 Kidney

Moistens and heats the
air as it enters the body
Brings air from the nose
to the bronchi
Brings air from the
trachea into the lungs
Main organ involved in
gas exchange
Where the lungs interact
with the blood and
exchange gases
Filters the blood and
produces urine from
waste
Transports urine from the
kidney to the bladder

Ureter


Bladder

Stores urine till its
eliminated from the body

Urethra

What urine passes
through before exiting
the body
Nervous System:
 Brain

Spinal Cord

Peripheral Nerves
Brain:
 Cerebrum

Cerebellum

Brain Stem

Controls and coordinates
the body
 Continues down the
back and connects with
the brain stem and the
peripheral nerves
 Branch of spinal cord
and relay messages to
the brain using the spinal
cord
 Controls thoughts, 5
senses and voluntary
actions
 Controls balance and
coordination
 Controls vital and
involuntary processes