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TEETH The human teeth are calcified, bone-like structures embedded in the alveolar processes of the maxilla above, and the mandible below. There are 32 permanent teeth in the adult human, and they function to tear and break down food in a process known as mastication. The hardened alveolar processes of the maxilla and the mandible form the sockets that hold 16 teeth each. Each row of 16 teeth is made up of 2 incisor, 1 canine, 2 premolar and 3 molar teeth on each side of the face. Anterior View Teeth are made up of several connective tissues of varying hardness, and are supplied by nerves and vessels. The outermost layer of the teeth is the enamel, which is highly mineralized with hydroxyapatite, and is the hardest substance in the human body. Posterior View Deep to the enamel is the more bone-like substance called the dentin. Dentin makes up the bulk of the tooth and it is calcified to support the structure of the tooth. Lateral View Permeating the dentin are microscopic channels called dentinal tubules that extend from the pulp cavity throughout the dentin and supply the tooth with blood. The innermost part of the tooth is a nerve and blood vessel filled cavity called the pulp cavity. The pulp cavity is made up of odontoblasts that produce dentin, and the nerves and vessels that occupy a 'cell free zone' in the cavity. R. Lateral View