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Unit 19 Pulse and Respiration © 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. Objectives • Spell and define terms. • Define pulse. • Explain the importance of monitoring a pulse rate. • Locate the pulse sites. • Identify the range of normal pulse and respiratory rates. © 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 2 Objectives • Measure the pulse at different locations. • List the characteristics of the pulse and respiration. • List eight guidelines for using the stethoscope. © 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 3 The Pulse • Pressure of the blood felt against the wall of an artery – As the heart alternately contracts and relaxes • More easily felt in arteries that are fairly close to the skin © 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 4 The Pulse • Same in all arteries throughout the body • An indication of how the cardiovascular system is meeting the body’s needs © 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 5 Radial Pulse • Most commonly measured pulse • Measured at the radial artery in the wrist © 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 6 Using a Stethoscope • Clean ear pieces and diaphragm of the stethoscope before using it • Clean stethoscope tubing if it contacts patient or bed linen • Check ear pieces for wax – Remove it if present © 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 7 Using a Stethoscope • Check stethoscope tubing – Do not use if it has cracks or holes in it • Position ear pieces facing forward © 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 8 Using a Stethoscope • Diaphragm of stethoscope – Should not contact the patient’s clothing, blood pressure cuff, or other device • Place the diaphragm flat against the skin and hold it in place – If the diaphragm is at an angle, you will not be able to hear the sounds © 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 9 Using a Stethoscope • Apply firm, but gentle pressure when holding the diaphragm in place – If you press too hard, you may be unable to hear the sound © 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 10 The Apical Pulse • Measured by counting the heart contractions © 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 11 Apical-Radial Pulse Rate • Apical and radial pulse rate is a comparison of the apical rate and the radial rate – Usually, they are the same © 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 12 Respiration • The main function of respiration is to supply cells in the body with oxygen • The second function is to rid the body of excess carbon dioxide © 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 13 Respiration • Because breathing may be voluntarily controlled – Patient should not know you are counting respirations • Note whether the patient’s breathing is – Normal (easy) or labored (dyspneic) – Shallow or deep, and quiet or noisy © 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 14 Respiration • Check the muscles of the neck and abdomen • If the patient is using these muscles for breathing, inform the nurse © 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. 15