Download CNA Unit_19

Unit 19
Pulse and Respiration
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
Objectives
• Spell and define terms.
• Define pulse.
• Explain the importance of monitoring a
pulse rate.
• Locate the pulse sites.
• Identify the range of normal pulse and
respiratory rates.
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
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Objectives
• Measure the pulse at different locations.
• List the characteristics of the pulse and
respiration.
• List eight guidelines for using the
stethoscope.
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
3
The Pulse
• Pressure of the blood felt against the
wall of an artery
– As the heart alternately contracts and
relaxes
• More easily felt in arteries that are fairly
close to the skin
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
4
The Pulse
• Same in all arteries throughout the body
• An indication of how the cardiovascular
system is meeting the body’s needs
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
5
Radial Pulse
• Most commonly measured pulse
• Measured at the radial artery in the wrist
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
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Using a Stethoscope
• Clean ear pieces and diaphragm of the
stethoscope before using it
• Clean stethoscope tubing if it contacts
patient or bed linen
• Check ear pieces for wax
– Remove it if present
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
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Using a Stethoscope
• Check stethoscope tubing
– Do not use if it has cracks or holes in it
• Position ear pieces facing forward
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
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Using a Stethoscope
• Diaphragm of stethoscope
– Should not contact the patient’s clothing,
blood pressure cuff, or other device
• Place the diaphragm flat against the
skin and hold it in place
– If the diaphragm is at an angle, you will not
be able to hear the sounds
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
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Using a Stethoscope
• Apply firm, but gentle pressure when
holding the diaphragm in place
– If you press too hard, you may be unable
to hear the sound
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
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The Apical Pulse
• Measured by counting the heart
contractions
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
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Apical-Radial Pulse Rate
• Apical and radial pulse rate is a
comparison of the apical rate and the
radial rate
– Usually, they are the same
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
12
Respiration
• The main function of respiration is to
supply cells in the body with oxygen
• The second function is to rid the body
of excess carbon dioxide
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
13
Respiration
• Because breathing may be voluntarily
controlled
– Patient should not know you are counting
respirations
• Note whether the patient’s breathing is
– Normal (easy) or labored (dyspneic)
– Shallow or deep, and quiet or noisy
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
14
Respiration
• Check the muscles of the neck and
abdomen
• If the patient is using these muscles for
breathing, inform the nurse
© 2016 Cengage Learning®. All Rights Reserved. May not be scanned, copied
or duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part.
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