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Cells
Bell Ringer – 05/08
• What
can you tell me about cells?
• What
are they?
• Why
are they made of?
• What
do they remind you of?
Learning Target: We will review the
functions & parts of cells.
Closure task: I will complete Part 2 of my
Critter Project.
Agenda
• Cell
big picture
• Cell
organelles
• Critter
Project Part 2
Prokaryotic vs. Eukaryotic
•A
prokaryotic cell is
a cell that does not
contain a nucleus or
other membrane
bound organelles.
•A
• An
• Plants
example of a
prokaryotic cell is
bacteria.
eukaryotic cell is a
cell that contains a
nucleus and other
membrane bound
organelles.
and animals
have eukaryotic cells
Which cell is a prokaryote and which is a
eukaryote?
A
B
eukaryote
prokaryote
Which cell is a prokaryote and which is a
eukaryote?
A
B
• Bacterial
• No
cells
nucleus
• Flagella
are common
• Ancient
form
prokaryote
• More
complex
• Has
a nucleus
and other
organelles.
eukaryote
Eukaryotic Organelles
All eukaryotic cells contain the
following organelles:
•Nucleus
•Ribosome
•Endoplasmic
•Golgi
Reticulum
Apparatus
•Mitochondria
•Cell Membrane
Nucleus
• Control
the cell
center of
• Contains
• Location
DNA
of DNA
replication and
transcription
Ribosome
• Responsible
for
reading mRNA to
create proteins
Organelles – Which is a nucleus and
which is a ribosome?
A
organelle
makes proteins
in the cytoplasm.
B
• This
• This
• Responsible
• Where
for
translation from
mRNA into
protein.
Ribosome
organelle is
the control center
of the cell.
DNA is
stored, replicated
and transcribed
into mRNA
Nucleus
Endoplasmic
Reticulum (ER)
• Next
to the nucleus
• Rough
ER is involved
in the first stages of
protein synthesis
(attached ribosomes)
• Both
Rough and
Smooth aid in
modifying proteins.
Golgi Apparatus
• Transports
proteins
and other molecules
throughout the cell
• Final
processing of
proteins
Organelles – Which is a ER and which is a
golgi apparatus?
A
• This
organelle is next
to the nucleus.
• Involved
in the first
stages of protein
synthesis and
processing
Endoplasmic
Reticulum
B
• This
organelle
transports molecules
throughout the cell.
• It
finalizes the protein
processing and
functions to make
other molecules as
well.
Golgi Apparatus
Mitochondria
• Organelle
responsible
for producing ATP
through cellular
respiration
• Inner
and outer
membrane
Cell Membrane
• Organelle
that controls
what enters and exits
the cell.
• Semi-permeable
Organelles – Which is the mitochondria
and which is a cell membrane?
A
• This
organelle
controls what
enters and exits the
cell.
• It
is made up of a
phospholipid
bilayer
Cell Membrane
B
• This
organelle is
the power house of
the cell.
• Makes
ATP for the
cell’s energy
• Important
organelle
for cellular
respiration.
Mitochondria
Vacuole
• Plant
cells, some
animal cells
• Store
water,
nutrients, or waste
Cytoplasm
• Solution
that
fills the cell
• Mainly
water,
salt, proteins
Animal cell coloring
• Color
the front of the worksheet
and answer the questions on
the back
Eukaryotic Cells
Plant
• Plant
cells
contain all of
the organelles
on the previous
slide PLUS
Chloroplasts
Cell Wall
Central Vacuole
Animal
• Animal
cells
contain all of
the organelles
on the previous
slide PLUS
Centrioles
Flagella/Cilia
Plant Cells: unique features
• Chloroplast
• Cell
• Organelle
• Made
containing
chlorophyll
Wall
of
cellulose
• Maintains
of
• Location of
the structure
photosynthesis and rigidity
of the plant
cell
• Central
Vacuole
• Large water
containing sac
responsible for
maintaining
water pressure
in the cell.
Plant Cells: Chloroplast
• Site
of photosynthesis.
• Contains
grana which
are stacks of thylakoid
membranes.
• Liquid
surrounding the
grana is called the
stroma
What is photosynthesis?
• Turn
and talk!
• Answer
these questions:
1.
How would you determine if an
organism was photosynthetic?
2.
What is the purpose of
photosynthesis?
3.
What are the reactants and
products of photosynthesis?
What is cellular respiration?
• Turn
and Talk!
1.
Which organelle is responsible
for cellular respiration?
2.
What is the purpose of cellular
respiration?
3.
What are the reactants and
products of cellular
respiration?
Complementary reactions
What is wrong about this picture?
Animal Cells
• Centrioles
• Flagella/Cilia
• Aids
• Aids
in cellular
division - mitosis
in movement
• Flagella
is a tail that
whips around
• Cilia
are short hairs
that move around
the cell.
Eukaryotic Cells
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9exRxOozxtI
Make 2 Box and T- Charts or Venn Diagrams
Plant
Prokaryotic Eukaryotic
•
•
•
•
Bacteria,
archaea
No nucleus
No membrane
bound
organelles
Usually
smaller
• Ribosomes
•
•
•
•
Plant, animal
DNA housed
in nucleus
Membrane
bound
organelles
Has
mitochondria
& chloroplasts
•
•
•
Cell wall &
cell
membrane
Chloroplasts
Vacuole
Animal
• Only cell
membrane
• All other organelles
Cell Cycle
• The
cell cycle
consists of four
phase.
• Growth
1 phase,
synthesis phase
(DNA replication),
growth 2 phase,
mitosis
• G1,
S and G2 make
up Interphase
Mitosis
• Cellular
Division
• Makes
a copy of
itself – 2 daughter
cells
• Each
cell is an
identical copy of
the parent cell
Mitosis
•
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cvlpmmvB_m4
Exit Slip: 3-2-1
•3
things that you learned today
•2
things that you already knew
•1
strategy for preparing for the EOC
How did you do? Rate yourself!
We will review the functions & parts of
cells.
I completed Part 2 of my Critter Project.