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This project and its actions were made possible due to co-financing by the European Fund for the Integration of Third-Country Nationals
EAL Nexus resource
Rocks
Substitution tables
Subject:
Science/ Geography
Age groups:
8 – 11, 12 – 14,
Topic:
Types and properties of rocks
Licence information | This resource is free to use for educational purposes. ©British Council 2014
Source | This resource was originally developed by Charlotte Hurley and has been adapted by EAL Nexus.
Describe the type of rock.
Soapstone
Gneiss
Slate
Marble
Granite
Basalt
Gabbro
Obsidian
Chalk
Shale
Sandstone
Limestone
is
a
an
sedimentary
metamorphic
igneous
rock

Describe the colour of the rock.
It
Soapstone
Gneiss
Slate
Marble
Granite
Basalt
Gabbro
Obsidian
Chalk
Shale
Sandstone
Limestone
is
can be
dark
light
grey
black
beige
red
orange
yellow
green
blue
purple
brown
and
or
dark
light
grey
black
beige
red
orange
yellow
green
blue
purple
brown

Describe the texture of the rock.
The surface
is
of
soapstone is
gneiss is
slate is
marble is
granite is
basalt is
gabbro is
obsidian is
chalk is
shale is
sandstone is
limestone is
rough
bumpy
smooth
hard
soft
greasy
waxy
lumpy
coarse
slippery

Describe the surface pattern of the rock.
The surface
is
of
soapstone is
gneiss is
slate is
marble is
granite is
basalt is
gabbro is
obsidian is
chalk is
shale is
sandstone is
limestone is
patterned
stripy
marbled
spotty
speckled
swirly

Describe the properties and uses of the rock.
It
Soapstone
Gneiss
Slate
Marble
Granite
Basalt
Gabbro
Obsidian
Chalk
Shale
Sandstone
Limestone
is
can be
waterproof
porous
heavy
light
easy to carve
sharp
heat resistant
easy to cut
easy to polish
soft
hard
tough
brittle
split into thin sheets
so
it is used
for
in
to make
jewellery
carved objects
lining fireplaces
buildings
building roads
wall filler
cement
paving
sharpening tools
tiles
roof tiles
bricks
toothpaste
fingerprint powder
blackboard chalk
knives
sharp tools
jewellery
decoration
kitchen worktops

cobbles
statues
sculptures
paving
chopping boards
grave stones
Describe how the rock is formed.
Soapstone
Gneiss
Slate
Marble
Granite
Basalt
Gabbro
Obsidian
Chalk
Shale
Sandstone
Limestone
is
can be
formed
made
by
from
when
made of
 the shells and skeletons of sea animals
 sand-sized minerals or rock grains
 very fine rounded grains of sediment that
have compacted together
 the shells of one type of sea creature
 when molten rock cools quickly
 compressed oceanic crust
 the rapid cooling of lava near the surface of
a planet or moon
 when molten rock from a volcano is cooled
down and forms large interlocking crystals
 limestone that has been heated to change it
into marble
 mudstones called shale are changed by heat
and pressure
 sedimentary and igneous rocks are exposed
to extreme temperatures and pressure

Describe the lustre of a rock.
Soapstone
Gneiss
Slate
Marble
Granite
Basalt
Gabbro
Obsidian
Chalk
Shale
Sandstone
Limestone
is
earthy/ dull
greasy
metallic
pearly
resinous
silky
vitreous
waxy
