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T-SQL
Mathematical
Functions
Said Salomon
Said Salomon
Unitrin Direct Insurance
[email protected]
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I have over 25 year experience IT. I have a vast array
of abilities in the field in the areas of Network,
Desktop Support, DBA, Staff Project Management,
Application Software Development, Business
Analysis and Quality Assurance. I have Microsoft
certifications as MCTS, MCPS, and MCNPS, and
multiple certifications from the Insurance Institute
of America. Currently I am a DBA at Unitrin Direct
Insurance.
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ABS
DEGREES
RAND
ACOS
EXP
ROUND
ASIN
FLOOR
SIGN
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ATAN
LOG
SIN
ATN2
LOG10
SQRT
CEILING
PI
SQUARE
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COS
POWER
TAN
COT
RADIANS
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A mathematical function that returns the
absolute (positive) value of the specified
numeric expression.
 Syntax:
ABS ( numeric_expression )
 Examples
SELECT ABS(-1.0), ABS(0.0), ABS(1.0)
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A mathematical function that returns the angle, in
radians, whose cosine is the
specified float expression; also called arccosine.
 Syntax:
ACOS ( float_expression )
 Example:
DECLARE @cos float;
SET @cos = -1.0;
SELECT 'The ACOS of the number is: ' +
CONVERT(varchar, ACOS(@cos));
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Returns the angle, in radians, whose sine is
the specified float expression. This is also
called arcsine.
 Syntax:
ASIN ( float_expression )
 Example:
DECLARE @angle float
SET @angle = -1.00
SELECT 'The ASIN of the angle is: ' +
CONVERT(varchar, ASIN(@angle))
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Returns the angle in radians whose tangent is
a specified float expression. This is also called
arctangent.
 Syntax:
ATAN ( float_expression )
 Example:
SELECT 'The ATAN of -45.01 is: ' +
CONVERT(varchar, ATAN(-45.01))
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Returns the angle, in radians, between the positive x-axis
and the ray from the origin to the point (y, x), where x and y
are the values of the two specified float expressions.
 Syntax:
ATN2 ( float_expression , float_expression )
 Example:
DECLARE @x float; DECLARE @y float
SET @x = 35.175643; SET @y = 129.44
SELECT 'The ATN2 of the angle is: ' +
CONVERT(varchar,ATN2(@x,@y ))
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Returns the smallest integer greater than, or
equal to, the specified numeric expression.
 Syntax:
CEILING ( numeric_expression )
 Example:
SELECT CEILING($123.45), CEILING($-123.45),
CEILING($0.0)
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Is a mathematical function that returns the
trigonometric cosine of the specified angle, in
radians, in the specified expression.
 Syntax:
COS ( float_expression )
 Example:
DECLARE @angle float
SET @angle = 14.78
SELECT 'The COS of the angle is: ' +
CONVERT(varchar,COS(@angle))
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A mathematical function that returns the trigonometric
cotangent of the specified angle, in radians, in the
specified float expression.
 Syntax:
COT ( float_expression )
 Example:
DECLARE @angle float
SET @angle = 124.1332
SELECT 'The COT of the angle is: ' +
CONVERT(varchar,COT(@angle))
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Returns the corresponding angle in degrees
for an angle specified in radians.
 Syntax:
DEGREES ( numeric_expression )
 Example:
SELECT 'The number of degrees in PI/2 radians is:
' + CONVERT(varchar, DEGREES((PI()/2)));
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Returns the exponential value of the
specified float expression.
 Syntax:
EXP ( float_expression )
 Example:
SELECT EXP( LOG(20)), LOG( EXP(20))
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Returns the largest integer less than or equal
to the specified numeric expression.
 Syntax:
FLOOR ( numeric_expression )
 Example:
SELECT FLOOR(123.45), FLOOR(-123.45),
FLOOR($123.45)
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Returns the natural logarithm of the
specified float expression.
 Syntax:
LOG ( float_expression )
 Example:
SELECT LOG (EXP (10));
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Returns the base-10 logarithm of the
specified float expression.
 Syntax:
LOG10 ( float_expression )
 Example:
SELECT POWER (10, LOG10(5));
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Returns the constant value of PI.
 Syntax:
PI ( )
 Example:
SELECT PI()
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Returns the value of the specified expression
to the specified power.
 Syntax:
POWER ( float_expression , y )
 Example:
SELECT POWER(2.0, -100.0);
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Returns radians when a numeric expression,
in degrees, is entered.
 Syntax:
RADIANS ( numeric_expression )
 Example:
SELECT RADIANS(1e-307)
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Returns a pseudo-random float value from 0
through 1, exclusive.
 Syntax:
RAND ( [ seed ] )
 Example:
SELECT RAND(100), RAND(), RAND()
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Returns a numeric value, rounded to the
specified length or precision.
 Syntax:
ROUND ( numeric_expression , length [ ,function
])
 Example:
SELECT ROUND(123.9994, 3), ROUND(123.9995,
3)
SELECT ROUND(150.75, 0, 1);
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Returns the positive (+1), zero (0), or negative
(-1) sign of the specified expression.
 Syntax:
SIGN ( numeric_expression )
 Example:
SELECT SIGN(-10), SIGN(10), SIGN(0)
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Returns the trigonometric sine of the
specified angle, in radians, and in an
approximate numeric, float, expression.
 Syntax:
SIN ( float_expression )
 Example:
DECLARE @angle float
SET @angle = 45.175643
SELECT 'The SIN of the angle is: ' +
CONVERT(varchar,SIN(@angle))
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Returns the square root of the specified float
value.
 Syntax:
SQRT ( float_expression )
 Example:
SELECT SQRT(64)
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Returns the square of the specified float
value.
 Syntax:
SQUARE ( float_expression )
 Example:
SELECT SQUARE(8)
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Returns the tangent of the input expression.
 Syntax:
TAN ( float_expression )
 Example:
SELECT TAN(PI()/2);
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Demo
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Mathematical Functions (books Online)
http://bit.ly/aHgLEo
SQL Authority
http://bit.ly/bqQQmK
SQL Server 2008, Dev Edition
http://bit.ly/L2hJQ
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