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The 1950s Eisenhowers Election Domestic Policy The Arms Race Post War American Life 1952 Election Democratic National Convention Nominated Adlai E. Stevenson ○ Gov. IL Republican National Convention Nominated Dwight D. Eisenhower WWII hero VP: Richard Nixon Results of the Election of 1952 Eisenhower won 34 million-27.3 million 442-89 The 1950s Eisenhowers Election Domestic Policy The Arms Race Post War American Life Dynamic Conservatism Fiscally Conservative Goal: Balance the Federal Budget and Guarding Against “Creeping Socialism” Interstate Highway Act 1956 Interstate Highway Act 1956 Cost: $114 billion over 35 years 42,000 mi of highways 1957-69 Interstate Highway Act 1956 Cost: $114 billion over 35 years 42,000 mi of highways 1957-69 The 1950s Eisenhowers Election Domestic Policy The Arms Race Post War American Life Sputnik 10/4/1957 Sputnik was launched in by the Soviet Union. First manmade object put in orbit. U.S. Response Vanguard TV3 was the first attempt by U.S. to launch a satellite December 6, 1957 at Cape Canaveral So, how did we get to this point? Arms Race – America Begins To Rearm National Security Act Department of Defense – ○ Housed in the Pentagon ○ Headed by the Secretary of Defense ○ Coordinate the army, navy, and air force Arms Race – America Begins To Rearm National Security Act Department of Defense – ○ Housed in the Pentagon ○ Headed by the Secretary of Defense ○ Coordinate the army, navy, and air force Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) – ○ Gather facts on foreign countries Arms Race 1949 – USSR exploded an A-Bomb Hydrogen Bomb Truman ordered the development of the “H-bomb” (hydrogen bomb) A-Bomb – Fission Bomb H-Bomb – Fusion Bomb 1952 – The U.S. tested its first H-bomb at Bikini Atoll Arms Race 1953 – USSR tested their first H-bomb Delivery - SAC Secretary of State John Foster Dulles Advocated “massive retaliation” – included use of nuclear weapons Strategic Air Command (SAC) Fleet of superbombers Delivery Bombers were in the air 24/7 B-52 Bomber U-2 spied on USSR Delivery Intercontinental Ballistic Missiles (ICBMs) Soviets made the first ○ R-7 ○ put Sputnik in space Delivery The U.S. eventually perfected their own design Atlas Delivery The U.S. eventually perfected their own design Atlas Titan Delivery The U.S. eventually perfected their own design Atlas Titan Polaris Delivery The U.S. eventually perfected their own design Atlas Titan Polaris Minuteman Mutually Assured Destruction With both countries now having the atomic bomb and the means to delivery the bomb we entered an era of mutually assured destruction (MAD) Duck and Cover The Tsar Bomb Link Link Check Up! Debate the following prompt: MAD created greater security for the United States. The 1950s Eisenhowers Election Domestic Policy The Arms Race Post War American Life Postwar Economic Anxieties Would the Great Depression Return? Postwar Economic Anxieties Would the Great Depression Return? Some predicted that it would return: GDP slumped Deflation – Prices dropped 33% 4.6 million went out on strike in 1946 Economic Stimulus Economic Boom Post War Boom Sunbelt Babyboom Government Economic Stimulus Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944 (GI Bill) Pay for GIs to go to college ○ 8 million ○ cost $14.5 billion Government Economic Stimulus Servicemen’s Readjustment Act of 1944 (GI Bill) Pay for GIs to go to college ○ 8 million ○ cost $14.5 billion Veterans Administration (VA) loaned $16 billion to ○ buy homes, farms, and small businesses Interstate Highway Act 1956 Cost: $114 billion over 35 years 42,000 mi of highways 1957-69 Check Up! How did the G.I. Bill help the economy in the long run, and help stop a recession from occuring in the short run? Economic Stimulus Economic Boom Post War Boom Sunbelt Babyboom The Economic Boom Economy 1950s and 1960s Income Increased America had 40% of the world’s wealth (6% of pop.) The Economic Boom Results of the Economic Boom of the 1950s and 1960s Income Increased America had 40% of the world’s wealth (6% of pop.) Funded the civil rights movement Surplus paid for Medicare and welfare programs The Economic Boom What Started Economic Prosperity? WWII G.I. Highway Act Military Industrial Complex: ○ Aerospace ○ Electronics ○ Research and development The Economic Boom What Started Economic Prosperity? Cheap energy – ○ Electricity increased 6x ○ U.S. doubled oil consumption 1945-1970 The Economic Boom What Started Economic Prosperity? Education Enrollment ○ 1940: 36% ○ 1970: 90% ○ Education = Productivity The Economic Boom What Started Economic Prosperity? Farmers ○ 1930 25% ○ 1945 15% ○ 1990s <2% Economic Stimulus Economic Boom Post War Boom Sunbelt Babyboom Baby Boom Birthrate increased until 1957 50 million babies born by the end of the 1950s Baby Boom What impact is the baby boom going to have on the United States in each of the following decades? 1950 1960 1970 1980 1990 2000 2010 2020 2030 Economic Stimulus Economic Boom Post War Boom Sunbelt Babyboom The Sunbelt Growth of the Sunbelt Sunbelt - Florida through California Pop. growth rate double that of the old industrial zones of the NE The Sunbelt California 1963, CA most populous State Pop. 35 million people 1 out of 8 Americans Check Up! Respond to the following prompt in the form of a thesis: How did American society changing following WWII?
