Download Speech Organization: Intro + Body + Conclusion

SPEECH ORGANIZATION:
INTRO + BODY + CONCLUSION
Chapters 9 and 10 Lecture/Recap
REVIEW
General Purpose: To Inform
 Specific Purpose: To inform my audience about…
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Remember—Concise.
Central Idea: Thesis statement
 Strategic Organization
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BODY OF THE SPEECH
MAIN POINTS
Expresses central idea
 Amount?
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Be strategic
 Too many?
 Fits time frame?
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Amount of time on each
More complex/more supporting materials = more
time
 Huge differences in time?
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Help your audience process the information
Keep main points separate
 Similar (or recognizable) patterns
 Effective organization
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ORGANIZATION OF MAIN POINTS
Chronological
 Spatial
 Causal
 Problem-Solution
 Topical
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EXAMPLE
-Central idea: Facebook has the potential to
affect the type and quality of interpersonal
relationships among teenagers
- Main Points:
I. FB causes faster relationships to form
II. FB causes conflict
III. FB limits face-to-face interaction
EXAMPLES
 Chronological
Order (follows time pattern)
Main Point 1 – First, individuals add friends
and have minimum communication
 Main Point 2 – Overtime, individuals begin to
communicate more through FB messaging

EXAMPLES
 Spatial
Order (follows a directional
pattern)
Main Point 1 – FB in high schools
 Main Point 2 – FB in colleges
OR
 Main Point 1 – FB among teens in Georgia
 Main Point 2 – FB among teens in Maryland

EXAMPLES
 Causal
Order (presents cause-effect relationship)
Main Point 1: FB causes less face-to-face interaction
 Main Point 2: People use FB more for discussing
problems rather than using spoken messages.
 Main Point 3: This affects the way in which teens
can communicate effectively outside of technology

EXAMPLES
 Problem-Solution
(self explanatory)
Main Point 1: Research shows FB has led to
bullying
 Main Point 2: People argue that FB should
launch an anti-bullying campaign

EXAMPLES
 Topical
Order
Main Point 1: FB and friendships
 Main Point 2: FB and romantic relationships
 Main Point 3: FB and family

WHAT WOULD BE THE BEST
ORGANIZATIONAL PATTERN?
Informing audience about unemployment rates
across the US
 Informing audiences on the application process
for Financial Aid
 Informing audiences on the effects of smoking
 Informing audiences about the different academic
programs at Gordon

USING YOUR SUPPORTING MATERIALS
Remember: Examples, stats, and testimony—
three common types
 Must support your main ideas, which support
your central idea/thesis
 Must organize your supporting material
 Will fit in as sub-points/minor points

CONNECTIVES
Helps with organization; guides your audience
through your speech
 Transitions
 Internal Preview
 Signposts (e.g. questions)

INTRODUCTIONS AND
CONCLUSIONS
INTRODUCTIONS

Objective 1: Gain their attention and interest

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Make your topic relatable
Explain the importance of your topic (to your
audience)
Startle your audience
Build suspense (and their curiosity)
Use rhetorical questions
Use a powerful (and relevant) quote
Tell a story
HOW COULD YOU GAIN ATTENTION? HOW
COULD YOU MAKE THIS RELATABLE?
Social Security
 Coffee
 Illiteracy
 Laughter
 Steroids
 Blood donations

INTRODUCTIONS
Objective 2:Reveal your topic
 Objective 3: Establish credibility and goodwill
 Objective 4: Provide a preview of your main
points
 ***Objective 5: Explain your central idea/thesis

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Is this the right spot?
WHEN CREATING YOUR INTRODUCTION:
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Remember each objective
Keep it brief
Be creative
While researching, look for valuable intro material
Many write the introduction after their main points
Practice delivering your introduction
Do not write out your entire introduction; use outline
format
CONCLUSIONS

Signal the end of the speech


More creative than “In Conclusion”
Reinforce the central idea/thesis
Summarize your main points
 End with a quote
 End with a dramatic statement
 Circle back to your introduction

CONCLUSIONS

For your next speech, your conclusion will:
Signal the end (without saying “In Conclusion”)
 Reinforce your central idea/Summarize your main
points
 Provide memorable close (e.g. quote, dramatic
statement, circling back to your introduction)
 Make sure to practice your conclusion; be creative

STEP-BY-STEP
Research and
Mapping (Org)
•You’ve selected a topic; start researching. As you
research, map out the information that you have.
What do you want to include? Do you have
enough material?
Organizing
and Outlining
•You have your information, now you can finish
up with your organization. What is the logical
order? How will you fit that into your intro,
body, and conclusion? Some people may focus
on the body of the speech during the first step—
focusing on the intro and conclusion at this
stage. Put your “map” into your outline format.
(We will discuss the map/outline on
Wednesday/Thursday)
Practicing
delivery
(strategies,
word choice)
• Practice your delivery.
Are you using the
correct words? Vocal
variety? Eye contact?