Download 3. What was World War II?

WW2,
Cold War,
&
Korean War
World War II
1. What are the causes of World War II?
A. Treaty of Versailles Failed
B. Germany blamed and therefore was angry
C. Economic Depression
D. People were desperate for help
E. German invaded Poland after having taken
over Austria and Czechoslovakia
Starting World War II
2. What were people looking for after the Great
Depression?
- people were looking for strong leaders to
help them out
Example: Adolf Hitler and
Joseph Stalin
3. What was World War II?
- was a global war. It took place between 1939 to
1945. Most of the world's countries, including
all of the great powers, fought as part of two
military alliances: the Allies and the Axis.
4. How did America end up entering World War II?
- believed in isolationism; wanted to avoid
fighting; F.D.R wanted to help British so they
sent military equipment and supplies to
Britain; Pearl Harbor U.S naval base in Hawaii
was bombed by Japanese; U.S had no choice
but to enter the war in 1941
5. How did the home front help the war effort?
- soldiers needed uniforms, guns, airplanes,
and tanks; Ford Motor Company built
airplanes and airplane engines instead of cars;
people rationed (again) – meat, sugar, and gas
6. Why did the United States have to produce so
many military supplies?
- the country was not well prepared at the
time to fight a war; had just got out of a war
7. Which two groups of people found new
freedoms in the work place?
- African Americans and women who now
worked in factories and other places usually
worked by men (“Rosie-the-Riveter”)
8. Why were some Americans worried about
Japanese Americans during WW2?
- they thought that they would help Japan
attack the U.S.A
9. What happened to Japanese Americans during
WW2?
- many were placed in internment camps due
to an order signed by F.D.R; some Germans
and Italians were placed there too
Important People of WW2
10. Who were some of the important leaders of
WW2?
A. Franklin D. Roosevelt- signed order forcing
100,000 Japanese Americans into internment
internment camps; sent supplies to Britain
B. Joseph Stalin- leader of Soviet Union; agreed
with Germany not to attack each other;
dictator; arrested people who spoke out
against communism
C. Adolf Hitler – Germany’s leader who
believed in fascism and controlled
everything; dictator; conquered much of
Europe; blamed many of Germany’s
problems on Jews and had them
imprisoned in concentration camps; many
were killed.
D. Benito Mussolini- dictator in Italy;
E. Harry Truman – ordered a nuclear bomb on
the city of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan
after Pearl Harbor
F. Hideki Tojo- prime minister of Japan;
invaded and took over much of the
Pacific region;
G. Tuskegee Airmen- African American pilots
who flew many successful missions over
Italy during WW2; first African American
pilots in history
H: Hirohito- Japanese emperor who
surrendered due to many defeats
and bombing of Nagasaki and Hiroshima;
many worshipped him and thought he was a
god; his soldiers crashed warplanes into
Allied ships in Kamikaze attacks
Winning WW2
11. Explain D-Day and the reason it was important.
- a day on June 6, 1944 when allied soldiers
invaded Northern France; allowed the Allies to
move toward Germany
12. Explain V-E Day.
- the day on May 1945 when Germany was
forced to surrender; allies declared May 8 Victory
in Europe Day, or V-E
13. Explain some of the techniques used by the
Allies.
A. island hopping- when Allies skipped over
some islands guarded by the Japanese
and captured others; trying to get
closer to Japan
B. Code Talkers- sent messages in Navajo
language so that Japanese couldn’t
understand
14. How did President Harry Truman decide to
strike back at Japan in hopes to end the war?
- he dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima,
Japan and Nagasaki, Japan; killed many people
15. Explain how WW2 ended.
- Japanese surrendered on August 15, 1945;
WW2 was over; this was known as V-J Day
(victory over Japan Day); war ends in Europe in
1945; known as V-E Day (Victory in Europe Day)
Holocaust
16. Explain the Holocaust.
- one of the worst horrors of the war and
human history; millions were killed at the hand
of Nazis while in concentration camps; many
were beaten, starved,
and killed mostly
because they were Jewish;
17. What happened to the people responsible for
the Holocaust?
- Adolf Hitler killed himself so he wouldn’t be
captured; the rest went through trials known
as the Nuremburg war crimes trials in which
they were either hanged or given prison
sentences.
Technologies of WW2
18. List some of the new or improved technologies
of WW2.
A. aircraft carriers
B. submarines
C. atomic bombs/ nuclear bombs
D. tanks
The Cold War
19. What was the Cold War?
- a war of words and ideas between the Soviet
Union and United States; (had worked
together to win WW2);
had different ideas,
government, and
economics
20. Describe the Roots of the Cold War as it
relates to the United States.
A. U.S.A believed in capitalistic govt.- people
control business and services; also had
market economy where individual and
businesses make most economic decisions;
country believed in democracy (where
people vote for their leaders)
B. Soviet Union believed in communism in
which the gov’t controls the nations natural
and capital resources; tells people where to
work and live; had a dictator (Joseph
Stalin) who arrested people who spoke out
against communism; people didn’t have
any control over gov’t.
Iron Curtain
21. Explain the “Iron Curtain”.
- after WW2, Allies shared control over Germany;
Russia controlled Eastern half and U.S, Britain, and
France controlled western half; Eastern Berlin was
communist and Western was democratic; Iron
Curtain was a symbol of the differences between
communist and noncommunist. President Harry
Truman promised to help any country that U.S.S.R
tried to turn communist. This policy was called the
Truman Doctrine.
22. What is NATO? What is its purpose?
- an alliance that was formed with U.S.A,
Britain, and most noncommunist countries of
Europe. This was called the North Atlantic Treaty
Organization ; Its purpose was to keep the U.S.S.R
from forcing communism on other countries.
23. Explain the Berlin Wall.
- a wall that prevented people
from leaving East
Berlin built by the
Soviets;
24. How did the United States and Britain help
end the blockade of Berlin?
- they flew food and supplies into the city since
Germans blocked off roads and other ways
into East Berlin; known as Berlin Airlift.
25. What is McCarthyism?
- when Senator Joseph McCarthy headed a
movement to root out Communists in
America; people accused of being communist
lost their jobs, or friends and were arrested;
also known as “Red Scare”
Nuclear Weapons
26. What was the nuclear arms race? Who played
a part in this?
- race between the United Sates and Soviet
Union; Each Country built thousands of atomic
bombs; this was a conflict without any direct
warfare between the two nations.
People around the world were
scared of a nuclear war
United Nations
27. Explain the United Nations and its purpose.
-After WW2, many nations organized to keep
peace around the world; it was known as the
United Nations; its first job was with Korea.
Korean War
28. Describe the Korean War.
- South Korea (a free nation) was a nation
supported by the U.S.A; In 1950, North Korea
(communist) troops invaded South Korea; 16
UN nations joined the fight and were able to
push North Korea back; the
nations still remain separated
today
Cuban Missile Crises
29. What was the Cuban Missile Crises?
- Nikita Khrushchev leader of Russia was
a brutal dictator; he began to challenge
the U.S which almost ended in a nuclear
war; Russia built secret nuclear
missile bases in Cuba; they thought
that U.S might attack Cuba;
John F. Kennedy ordered the U.S navy to blockade Cuba
so that Soviet ships with missiles could eventually not
reach Cuba; Khrushchev ordered ships with missiles to
turn back before they reached U.S ships; eventually the
missiles were removed from Cuba.