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The Department of Zoology 130 year anniversary 2010 - the oldest department at Stockholm university Wilhelm Leche, Prof. zoology (1884) First full-time teacher 1880 Zootomiska institutet 1880 Zootomiska institutet at ”Stockholms högskola” -1880 Norra Bantorget -1881 today’s Vasagatan 11 -1885 today’s Kungsgatan 70 -1926 Spökslottet, Drottninggatan 116 -1956 Rådmansgatan 70A -1960 Dept of Zoology at Stockholm university -1975 Rådmansgatan + Sandåsgatan 2 -1985 Frescati Tovetorp Natural History Museum Some other significant events shaping today’s Zootis: 1956 Lars Silén professor Zoology Eric Fabricius docent Ethology (1970 professor NFR) 1961 Askö laboratory (Baltic Sea) 1969 Tovetorp field station (Sörmland) 1972 Systematics at the Museum of Natural History 1975 Ragnar Olsson (last) professor Zoology 1979 Askö laboratory independent (1989 Systems Ecology) 1981 Tommy Radesäter SU professor Ethology 1988 Dick Nässel professor Functional morphology 1997 Christer Wiklund professor – Ecology 1 subject 1998 Dag Broman’s ecotoxicology group leaves for ITM 2004 Population Genetics unit (Nils Ryman) joins TODAY Five PhD subjects (divisions): • Functional zoomorphology • Animal Ecology • Ethology • Population genetics • Systematic Zoology BUT… FACULTY-FUNDED RESEARCH FACULTY-FUNDING FOR PHD-EDUCATION BIG UGA Eco Div. UGA Etho Div. UGA Zoo Div. UGA Pop Div. Syst Div. EXTERNAL FUNDING INFRASTRUCTURE UGA Faun UGA Tove torp SOME NUMBERS Total budget: 70 MSEK (20 external) Professors: 12,5 (excluding Museum) Associate professors ”Lektor”: 2 Other researchers with PhD (excl. Museum): 18 Other staff (snapshot): 13 Total 40-50 employed any given moment PhD students: about 50 any given moment THE RESEARCH FUNCTIONAL ZOOMORPHOLOGY Dick Nässel H. Dircksen R. Cantera B. Borg Dick Nässel ”I am interested in chemical signaling in the Drosophila brain, especially in regulation of olfaction,feeding and metabolic stress, and study roles of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides in control of insulin signaling, odor perception and feeding.” - R Ignell, CM Root, RT Birse, JW Wang, DR Nässel, ÅME Winther. 2009. Presynaptic peptidergic modulation of olfactory receptor neurons in Drosophila. PNAS 106: 13070-13075. - DR Nässel. 2009. Neuropeptide signaling near and far – how localized and timed is the action of neuropeptides in brain circuits? Invertebrate neuroscience : IN 9: 57-75. - AM Jansen, DR Nässel, KL Madsen, AG Jung, U Gether, O Kjaerulff. 2009. PICK1 expression in the Drosophila central nervous system primarily occurs in the neuroendocrine system. The Journal of comparative neurology 517: 313-32. - HAD Johard, T Yoishii, H Dircksen, P Cusumano, F Rouyer, C Helfrich-Förster, DR Nässel. 2009. Peptidergic clock neurons in Drosophila – ion transport peptide and short neuropeptide F in subsets of dorsal and ventral lateral neurons. Journal of comparative neurology 516: 59-73. - J Poels, RT Birse, RJ Nachman, J Fichna, A Janecka, JV Broeck, DR Nässel. 2009. Characterization and distribution of NKD, a receptor for Drosophila tachykinin-related peptide 6. Peptides 30: 545-56. - H Dircksen, A Mandali, T Yoshii, J Strauss, C Helfrich-Foerster, DR Nässel. 2009. Differential neuronal expression of three Drosophila ion transport peptide splice forms indicate multiple functions of peptidergic neurons. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A 153A: S79. ”We use various molecular markers to study the expression of genes or proteines under different experimental conditions.” The expression is studied in relation to anatomy and morphology – a link to the original ”zootomy” Distribution of DTK peptide immunoreactivity (IR) in local antennal lobe interneurons. Winther Cantera Dircksen Also crustaceans Plasticity of neurons Bertil Borg • To Stockholm 1985 • Studies reproductive biology in fish • Responsible for the aquaria/terraria in D2 • Director of studies Zoological morphology Endocrine regulation of reproduction E Antonopoulou, P Swanson, B Borg. 2009. Effects of aromatase-inhibitors and different doses of testosterone on gonadotropins in one year old male Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology - Part A 153: 408-419. A Hellqvist, M Schmitz, B Borg. 2008. Effects of castration and androgen-treatment on the expression of FSH-β and LH-β in the three-spine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus-Feedback differences mediating the photoperiodic maturation response? General and Comparative Endocrinology : 178-182. E Hoffmann, A Österman, I Mayer, B Borg. 2008. 11-ketotestosterone is not responsible for the entire testicular effect on male reproductive behaviour in the threespine stickleback. Behaviour : 509-525. Fish morphology and physiology another traditional subject at the Dept ANIMAL ECOLOGY Christer Wiklund A. Angerbjörn B. Tullberg B. Karlsson S. Nylin Anders Angerbjörn • Population and community ecology • Mostly mammals • Often in the Arctic Zone • Conservation of Arctic fox • Director of studies, Ecology J-A Henden, RA Ims, NG Yoccoz, P Hellström, A Angerbjörn. 2010. Strength of asymmetric competition between predators in food webs ruled by fluctuating prey: the case of foxes in tundra. Oikos 119: 27-34. K Norén, A Angerbjörn, P Hersteinsson. 2009. Population structure in an isolated Arctic fox, Vulpes lagopus, population: the impact of geographical barriers. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 97: 18-26. K Norén, K Kvaloy, V Nyström, A Landa, L Dalén, NE Eide, E Ostbye, H Henttonen, A Angerbjörn. 2009. Farmed arctic foxes on the Fennoscandian mountain tundra: implications for conservation. Animal Conservation 12: 434-444. F Dalerum, K Kunkel, A Angerbjörn, B Shults. 2009. Patterns of δ13C and δ15N in wolverine (Gulo gulo) tissues from the Brooks Range, Alaska. Current Zool 55: 188-192. F Dalerum, K Kunkel, A Angerbjörn, BS Shults. 2009. Diet of wolverines (Gulo gulo) in the western Brooks Range, Alaska. Polar Research 28: 246-253. J-A Henden, NG Yoccoz, RA Ims, B-J Bårdsen, A Angerbjörn. 2009. Phase-dependent effect of conservation efforts in cyclically fluctuating populations of Arctic fox (Vulpes lagopus).. Biological Conservation 142: 2586-2592. Elmhagen Predators, Climate & Ecosystems ”This project investigates how climate impacts predators and how predators impact each other and other species, in different types of ecosystems in Fennoscandia.” Lindenfors Sexual selection and the evolution of the mammal brain Parasite diversity in carnivores Phylogenetic analysis of sexual size dimorphism Bottom-up or Top-down regulation? Human cultural evolution Christer Wiklund - PhD at the Dept 1975 - One of the founders of ”evolutionary ecology” in Sweden - Ecology division leader Wickman Wiklund Nylin - Today 10 senior staff and 5-10 PhD students work with butterflies, in Ecology and Ethology Why butterflies? Butterflies are widely used as model organisms in ecology, ethology and evolutionary biology -Large and easily manipulated -Easy to observe in the field -Much knowledge from ”amateurs” Flight cages at Tovetorp Climate cabinet • Field studies • Semi-natural conditions • Laboratory experiments • Theoretical and analytical studies • Genetic and molecular studies A butterfly life cycle Winter Autumn To hibernation Summer Spring Important adaptations during the life cycle Fitting the life cycle into seasonal fluctuations -Hibernation strategies -Photoperiodism -Growth and life history strategies -Seasonal forms Karl Gotthard and others Important adaptations during the life cycle The allocation of resources -Survival, dispersal, reproduction? Trade-offs -Optimal body design Bengt Karlsson and others Important adaptations during the life cycle Finding a partner and reproduce -entering the population at the right time -competing successfully with others of the same sex -attracting a partner -competing successfully for fertilizations after mating Christer Wiklund and others Sexual selection Sperm competition and nuptial gifts Female Pieris napi with spermatophores Important adaptations during the life cycle Finding a suitable larval host plant Heliconius Sören Nylin Passiflora Niklas Janz Specialist on Urticaceae (and perhaps relatives) Only nettles etc New host plants N Wahlberg, E Weingartner, AD Warren, S Nylin. 2009. Timing major conflict between mitochondrial and nuclear genes in species relationships of Polygonia butterflies (Nymphalidae: Nymphalini). BMC Evolutionary Biology 9: 92. S Nylin, GH Nygren, L Söderlind, C Stefanescu. 2009. Geographical variation in host plant utilization in the comma butterfly: the roles of time constraints and plant phenology. Evolutionary Ecology 23: 807-825. H Heidel-Fischer, D Freitak, N Janz, L Söderlind, H Vogel, S Nylin. 2009. Phylogenetic relatedness and host plant growth form influence gene expression of the polyphagous comma butterfly (Polygonia c-album). BMC genomics 10: 506. N Wahlberg, J Leneveu, U Kodandaramaiah, C Peña, S Nylin, AVL Freitas, AVZ Brower. 2009. Nymphalid butterflies diversify following near demise at the Cretaceous/Tertiary boundary. Proceedings. Biological sciences / The Royal Society 276: 4295-302. N Janz, L Söderlind, S Nylin. 2009. No effect of larval experience on adult host preferences in Polygonia c-album (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae): on the persistence of Hopkins' host selection principle. Ecological Entomology 34: 50-57. S Nylin, N Janz. 2009. Butterfly host plant range: an example of plasticity as a promoter of speciation? Evolutionary Ecology 23: 137-146. Important adaptations during the life cycle Avoiding being eaten -defence and camouflage in immature stages -camouflage, defence and flight in the adult -adaptive coloration Birgitta Tullberg and others ETHOLOGY Tommy Radesäter O. Leimar M. Enquist Theory (for evolution of adaptive coloration) Also: -Mutualism -Plasticity -Polymorphisms -Genetics -Dispersal -Speciation etc. etc. Olof Leimar Evolution of adaptive coloration B. Tullberg, Gabriella Gamberale Stille Evolution of eyespots and other defences C. Wiklund, Sven Jakobsson (With PhD student Adrian Vallin) • Increased predation risk due to impaired flight ability in birds and butterflies C Kullberg • The role of geomagnetic cues in avian migration at Tovetorp Thrush nightingale with T. Fransson Hans Temrin • Dog behaviour and evolution • Human behaviour • Bird behaviour Director of studies, Ethology Present Head of BIG Magnus Enquist Centre for the study of cultural evolution Wallenberg lab Lind P Strimling, J Sjöstrand, M Enquist, K Eriksson. 2009. Accumulation of independent cultural traits. Theoretical Population Biology 76: 77-83. J Lind, M Enquist. 2009. More synthetic work is needed. Adaptive Behavior 17: 329-330. P Strimling, M Enquist, K Eriksson. 2009. Repeated learning makes cultural evolution unique. PNAS 106: 13870-13874 J Lind, S Ghirlanda, M Enquist. 2009. Insight learning or shaping? PNAS 106: -E76. A Acerbi, M Enquist, S Ghirlanda. 2009. Cultural evolution and individual development of openness and conservatism. PNAS 106: 18931-18935. M Enquist, S Ghirlanda, A Jarrick, C-A Wachtmeister. 2008. Why does human culture increase exponentially? Theoretical Population Biology 74: 46-55. POPULATION GENETICS Nils Ryman • Conservation genetics • Genetics of managed populations Nils Ryman • Genetic variation in natural populations Bävervattsprojektet, Jämtland • Conservation of diversity in exploited species • Statistical and theoretical development in genetics LC Larsson, L Laikre, C André, TG Dahlgren, N Ryman. 2010. Temporally stable genetic structure of heavily exploited Atlantic herring (Clupea harengus) in Swedish waters. Heredity 104: 40-51. N Ryman, O Leimar. 2009. GST is still a useful measure of genetic differentation - a comment on Jost's D. Molecular Ecology 18: 2084-2087. LC Larsson, J Charlier, L Laikre, N Ryman. 2009. Statistical power for detecting genetic divergence-organelle versus nuclear markers. Conservation Genetics 10: 1255-1264. L Laikre, T Nilsson, CR Primmer, N Ryman, FW Allendorf. 2009. Importance of Genetics in the Interpretation of Favourable Conservation Status. Conservation Biology 23: 1378-1381. J Charlier, L Laikre, N Ryman. 2008. Genetic structure and evidence of a local bottleneck in moose in Sweden. Journal of Wildlife Management 72: 411-415. Linda Laikre • Detecting cryptic genetic structuring and effective population sizes in natural populations • Conservation of biodiversity on the gene level • Effects of introducing genetically ”alien” populations • Active in policy implementation • Director of studies, Population Genetics SYSTEMATIC ZOOLOGY Ulf Jondelius Invertebrate zoology Fredrik Ronquist Entomology Thord Fransson Per Ericson Vertebrate Zoology Stefan Bengtson Paleozoology Recent PhD theses in Systematic Zoology 2004. Martin Irestedt: Molecular systematics of the antbird-ovenbird complex. (Aves: Furnariida). VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY 2006. Rasmus Hovmöller: Molecular phylogenetics and taxonomic issues in dragonfly systematics (Insecta: Odonata). ENTOMOLOGY 2007. Erica Sjölin: Tubificids with trifid chaetae: morphology and phylogeny of Heterodrilus (Clitellata, Annelida). INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY. 2008. Reihaneh Dehghani : Aspects of carnivoran evolution in Africa. PALEOZOOLOGY 2008. Jan I. Ohlson: Molecular phylogeny of tyrant flycatchers, cotingas, manakins and their allies (Aves: Tyrannida). VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY 2009. Envall Ida: Evolutionary Perspectives on Naidinae (Annelida, Clitellata, Naididae): Molecular and Morphological Revelations. INVERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY